| County: | Elk County |
| State: | Pennsylvania |
| Flag: | Flag of Elk County, Pennsylvania.png |
| Founded: | April 18, 1843 |
| Seat Wl: | Ridgway |
| Largest City Wl: | St. Marys |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 832 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 827 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 4.9 |
| Area Percentage: | 0.6% |
| Census Yr: | 2020 |
| Pop: | 30,990[1] |
| Density Sq Mi: | 37.5 |
| Web: | www.co.elk.pa.us |
| Ex Image: | Elk County Courthouse.jpg |
| Ex Image Cap: | Elk County Courthouse in Ridgway, Pennsylvania |
| Time Zone: | Eastern |
| District: | 15th |
| Named For: | Eastern elk |
Elk County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 30,990.[2] Its county seat is Ridgway.[3] The county was created on April 18, 1843, from parts of Jefferson, Clearfield, and McKean Counties. Elk County is named for the now-extinct eastern elk (Cervus canadensis) that historically inhabited the region. The county is part of the North Central Pennsylvania region of the state.
The county is notable for having one of the highest concentrations of Roman Catholics in the United States, with 69% of the county's residents identifying as Catholic.
Elk County consists of low rolling hills, carved by frequent drainages and heavily wooded.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of, of which is land and (0.6%) is water.[4] Elk has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb) and average monthly temperatures in Ridgway range from 23.2 °F in January to 67.4 °F in July, while in Saint Marys they range from 22.6 °F in January to 66.8 °F in July.[5]
As of the 2020 United States Census,[6] there were 30,990 people and 14,215 households. The population density was 38/mi2. There were 16,855 housing units at an average density of 20adj=preNaNadj=pre. The racial makeup of the county was 97.9% White, 0.5% Black or African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.4% Asian, and 1.0% from two or more races. 0.8% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 42.9% were of German, 17.7% Italian, 13.1% Irish, 6.4% English, 5.8% Polish, and 5.2% Swedish.
There were 14,124 households, out of which 31.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.00% were married couples living together, 8.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.00% were non-families. 27.30% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.99.
The county population contained 24.00% under the age of 18, 6.80% from 18 to 24, 28.60% from 25 to 44, 23.30% from 45 to 64, and 17.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 98.00 males. For every 100 females aged 18 and over, there were 95.30 males.
Elk County has one of the highest concentrations of Roman Catholics in the United States. As of 2010, nearly 70% of the county's residents identified as Catholic.
| White (NH) | 30,339 | 97.9% | |
| Black or African American (NH) | 155 | 0.5% | |
| Native American (NH) | 62 | 0.2% | |
| Asian (NH) | 124 | 0.4% | |
| Other/Mixed (NH) | 310 | 1.0% | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 279 | 0.9% |
As of the 2021 ACS 5-Year Estimates, Elk County's largest industry and source of employment is manufacturing, with the second largest being educational services, healthcare, and social services.
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As of April 29, 2024, there are 20,033 registered voters in Elk County.[8]
Elk County used to be competitive in statewide and national elections. The county frequently voted with the eventual winner of national elections, from 1920 to 2008, except for 1928, 1940, and 1968. In the 21st century, its Catholic identity has been replaced by its rural identity in defining how it votes; its longtime Democratic voter registration advantage was taken over by Republicans in 2018.[9] The county voted for Mitt Romney by 16 points in 2012, then swung over 25 points to the right and voted for Donald Trump by 42 points in 2016, before swinging further right in 2020 and voting for Trump by 45 points.
The Community Education Center of Elk and Cameron Counties (or CEC) provides credit, non-credit, and enrichment programs.
School districts include:[11]
Under Pennsylvania law, there are four types of incorporated municipalities: cities, boroughs, townships, and, in at most two cases, towns. The following cities, boroughs, and townships are located in Elk County:
Census-designated places are geographical areas designated by the U.S. Census Bureau for the purposes of compiling demographic data. They are not actual jurisdictions under Pennsylvania law. Other unincorporated communities, such as villages, may be listed here as well.
The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Elk County.[13]
† county seat
| Rank | City/Town/etc. | Municipal type | Population (2010 Census) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | St. Marys | City | 13,070 | |
| 2 | † Ridgway | Borough | 4,078 | |
| 3 | Johnsonburg | Borough | 2,483 | |
| 4 | Kersey | CDP | 937 | |
| 5 | Weedville | CDP | 542 | |
| 6 | Byrnedale | CDP | 427 | |
| 7 | Wilcox | CDP | 383 | |
| 8 | James City | CDP | 287 | |
| 9 | Force | CDP | 253 |