Ismene (plant) explained

Ismene, or Peruvian daffodil, is a genus of South American plants in the Amaryllis family.^[1]

Notes and References

1. Jørgensen, P. M., M. H. Nee & S. G. Beck. (eds.) 2014. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia, Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127(1–2): i–viii, 1–1744.
2. Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. (eds.) 1993. Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i–xl, 1–1286.
3. Howard, Thad M. Bulbs for Warm Climates. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press, 2001, pp 98–99.
4. Meerow, A. W., Gardner, E. M., & Nakamura, K. (2020). "Phylogenomics of the Andean tetraploid clade of the American Amaryllidaceae (subfamily Amaryllidoideae): unlocking a polyploid generic radiation abetted by continental geodynamics." Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 582422.
5. Herbert, William 1821. An Appendix: [General index to the Botanical magazine, vol. 43-48 containing a treatise on bulbous roots<nowiki>] page 45 The species are native to Peru and Ecuador and widely cultivated elsewhere as ornamentals because of their large, showy flowers.^{[1] [2]}

   Ismene produces tender perennial bulbs bearing a strong resemblance to those of Hymenocallis, a genus into which Ismene had often been grouped in the past. However, its morphology differs from Hymenocallis in several significant ways: its vegetative parts, natural range, and chromosome number are all distinct.

   Ismene can be difficult to grow in the United States.^[3]

   Species

   A list of Ismene species and their geographic distribution is given below.

   • Ismene amancaes (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb – western Peru
   • Ismene hawkesii (Vargas) Gereau & Meerow – Cusco, Peru
   • Ismene longipetala (Lindl.) Meerow – southwestern Ecuador, northwestern Peru
   • Ismene morrisonii (Vargas) Gereau & Meerow – Apurímac, Peru
   • Ismene narcissiflora (Jacq.) M.Roem. – south-central Peru
   • Ismene nutans (Ker Gawl.) Herb. – Peru
   • Ismene pedunculata Herb. – Peru
   • Ismene ringens (Ruiz & Pav.) Gereau & Meerow – Peru
   • Ismene sublimis (Herb.) Gereau & Meerow – La Libertad, Peru
   • Ismene vargasii (Velarde) Gereau & Meerow – Peru

   Hybrids

   • Ismene × deflexa Herb. (I. longipetala × I. narcissiflora) – Peru

   Phylogeny

   It is closely related to Leptochiton and Hymenocallis, from which it separated 26.14 million years ago. The separation of Leptochiton and Hymenocallis occurred 24.46 million years ago.^[4]

   External links

   • http://www.bulbsociety.org/GALLERY_OF_THE_WORLDS_BULBS/GRAPHICS/Ismene/Ismenelist.shtml International Bulb Society's gallery of photographs

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