| Elisabeth Peveling | |
| Birth Date: | 31 March 1932 |
| Birth Place: | , Germany |
| Nationality: | German |
| Fields: | Botany, lichenology |
| Workplaces: | University of Münster |
| Alma Mater: | University of Münster |
Elisabeth Peveling (31 March 1932 – 31 July 1993) was a German botanist. Her scientific research was largely specialized in the cytology and ultrastructure of lichens.
Peveling was born on 31 March 1932 in . She studied botany, zoology, mathematics and physics at the universities of Münster, Innsbruck and Göttingen, earning a master's degree in 1958 and a PhD in 1960. Both of her theses dealt with karyology in the plant family Cucurbitaceae. She was a research assistant at the Botanical Institute in the University of Münster.
In the mid-1960s, Peveling did research in the USA that dealt with the use of electron microscopy, including transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In 1969, she completed her habilitation in Münster; her thesis was titled Die Feinstruktur vegetativer Flechtenthalli nach Untersuchungen mit dem Durchstrahlungs- und Oberflächen-Rastermikroskop ("Fine structure of vegetative lichen thalli investigated with scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy"). She was appointed professor at the Botanical Institute, a position she held until her sudden illness and death in 1993.
Peveling's primary research interest was cytology, including the ultrastructure of lichens and their photobionts. She published more than 60 research papers. One of her best-known publications was a chapter on fine structure in The Lichens (a popular 1973 textbook edited by Vernon Ahmadjian and Mason E. Hale). In 1986, Peveling organized "Progress and Problems in Lichenology in the Eighties", a scientific conference held in Münster. The conference, attended by more than 150 participants from 15 countries, was later considered the first International Lichenological Symposium. This is a major symposium that has been organized by the International Association for Lichenology every four years since then.
Peveling was quite involved in university administration at the University of Münster, and was on several occasions the dean and vice dean of the Biology Department, and was until her death dean of the Mathematics and Science Faculty. From 1979 to 1982 she was the first woman vice-rector and the Rector of the University of Münster. Peveling was posthumously nominated for an Acharius Medal for her contributions to lichenology. In his survey of influential lichenologists, Ingvar Kärnefelt called her "a fore-runner in that she succeeded in a scientific career and reached the highest academic rank in Germany during a time when women rarely even tried to compete for such positions".