| Elisabeth Lupka | |
| Birth Date: | 27 October 1902 |
| Birth Place: | Klein-Damner, German Empire |
| Death Place: | Montelupich Prison, Kraków, Polish People's Republic |
| Conviction: | Crimes against humanity |
| Criminal Penalty: | Death |
| Criminal Status: | Executed |
| Death Cause: | Execution by hanging |
Elisabeth Lupka (27 October 1902 – 8 January 1949) was a Nazi female guard at two prison camps during World War II.
Lupka was born in Klein-Damner, German Empire (present-day Dąbrówka Mała, Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland). She got married in 1934, had no children and soon divorced.[1] In 1937 she went to Berlin to work in an aircraft factory.[2]
In 1942 she left her menial job as a labourer and went to Ravensbrück concentration camp to undergo training as a camp guard. Lupka graduated and later became an Aufseherin over several work details. In March 1943, she was assigned to the German Auschwitz-Birkenau camp in Poland as an Aufseherin then as a Blockführerin (Block Overseer), where she physically beat many prisoners with a whip and selected many others for the gas chambers. She stayed in the camp until its last evacuations in early January 1945 and accompanied a death march to Loslau. Lupka returned to Ravensbrück later that same month.[3]
On 6 June 1945, Lupka was arrested by Allied troops and sent to an internment camp. Two years later, on 6 July 1948, after a long investigation, she appeared at a Kraków court for war crimes, mainly the maltreatment of prisoners and her involvement in selections of inmates to the gas chambers. Lupka was found guilty, and executed by short-drop hanging on 8 January 1949 at Montelupich Prison in Kraków. Her corpse was sent to Jagiellonian University in Krakow for use by medical students.