Eleftherios Economou Explained

Eleftherios N. Economou
Native Name:Greek, Modern (1453-);: Ελευθέριος Ν. Οικονόμου
Birth Date:1940 2, df=yes
Birth Place:Athens, Greece
Fields:Physics, Condensed Matter Physics
Doctoral Advisor:Morrel H. Cohen

Eleftherios Ν. Economou (Greek, Modern (1453-);: Ελευθέριος Ν. Οικονόμου|Elefthérios N. Oikonómou; born 7 February 1940) is a Greek theoretical physicist and professor emeritus at the department of physics[1] of the University of Crete. He has contributed to various areas of theoretical condensed matter physics, starting with the study of surface plasmons during his thesis in 1969.

Economou influenced the evolution of theoretical physics in Greece since the late 1970s, as described in detail in a special volume published in 2000, in Physica B, on the occasion on his 60th birthday.[2] His opinion perspective is still solicited[3] [4] by major science journals, such as Nature Materials, in particular on how to address challenges related to effects of economic crisis in Greece in science and technology. He contributed substantially to shaping the first steps of the University of Crete[5] and led the effort in creating the Foundation for Research & Technology – Hellas (FORTH), serving as its first director general from its foundation in 1983 until 2004. He has been teaching in the department of physics of the University of Crete since 1982 and also wrote 13 textbooks, mostly in topics related to theoretical physics and condensed matter physics. He has published over 250 refereed papers,[6] which have received more than 23,000 citations according to Google Scholar.[7]

Early years

Eleftherios Economou was born in Athens, Greece on February 7, 1940. He grew up in a working-class neighbourhood of Kallithea and his early years, along with his parents Nikos and Sophia and his younger brother Vassilis, were influenced by World War II and in particular by the Greek Civil War that followed. In 1952 he was admitted to the selective public Experimental School of the University of Athens, from where he graduated in 1958. The same year he was admitted in the School of Electrical & Mechanical Engineering of the National Technical University of Athens. Among his classmates was John Iliopoulos, A theoretical physicist. He graduated with first class honours in 1963 and commenced the compulsory, in Greece, military service, which at the time lasted two and a half years. During this period, he was given the opportunity to attend a number of graduate level physics courses at the "Center for Advanced Studies and Philosophy of Science" which was organised at the National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos".

In 1965 Economou applied for graduate studies in the U.S. and was admitted to the department of physics of the University of Chicago. Before leaving for the U.S., in February 1966, he married Athanasia Paganou[8] and they have a daughter, Sophia Economou,[9] who is professor of physics at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. He arrived in Chicago in 1966. Two months later he passed the qualifying exams, ranking first among his classmates, which made it easy[10] to be accepted as a PhD student in the group of Morrel H. Cohen. Economou decided to focus on theoretical condensed matter physics. He completed his studies and was awarded a PhD in three years with a dissertation entitled, "Surface Plasmons in Thin Films"[11] in 1969.

Scientific career

Economou became assistant professor and later professor in the department of physics at the University of Virginia (1970–1981). He has been visiting professor at the University of Chicago (1994), Université de Lausanne (1992), Princeton University (1978), Iowa State  University (1991–1992) and an affiliated member of Ames Laboratory since 1992. He was visiting researcher at the National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos" (1997–1998)  and a  Chair Professor of Theoretical Physics at the University of Athens (1978–1981). In 1981 he and P. Lambropoulos were the first elected professors in the newly founded department of physics of the University of Crete (Greece). As the first chairman of the department[12] he established the bases in the Physics  curriculum and he was instrumental in hiring high quality faculty at the University of Crete. He was and remains a strong advocate on topics related to the negative influence of political parties and direct involvement of students in the normal operation of the universities.[13] He retired in 2007,[14] [15] and still serves and teaches in the department of physics as professor emeritus.

Economou was the prominent figure of a group of five Greek scientists from abroad, namely Fotis Kafatos, Dionysios (Dennis) Tsichritzis, Grigoris Sifakis[16] and Peter (Panagiotis) Lambropoulos,[17] who planned the idea[18] and with the help of the Minister of Research and Technology Georgios Lianis, convinced the Greek Government to create the first three Institutes of the Research Center of Crete (RCC; Ερευνητικό Κέντρο Κρήτης – ΕΚΕΚ) in Heraklion.  During his leadership as its first director general (1983–2004),[19] RCC expanded with the Institute of Mediterranean Studies (IMS) in Rethymno and the Institute of Applied Computational Mathematics in Heraklion. In 1986 Skinakas Observatory, jointly supported by RCC, the University of Crete and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (Germany) also commenced its operations. In 1987 with the agreement of George Papatheodorou[20] and Iacovos Vasalos[21] Directors of the Institute of Chemical Engineering & High Temperature Processes - (ICE/HT) in Patras, and the Chemical Process Engineering Research Institute (CPERI) Thessaloniki, the two Institutes joined RCC and the  Foundation for Research & Technology – Hellas (FORTH) was created. In 2000 CPERI was renamed Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH) becoming independent of FORTH. In 2002 the Biomedical Research Institute (BRI), based in Ioannina was incorporated into FORTH. In parallel, with financial support from the European Union, the construction of the FORTH buildings in Heraklion, Patras, Thessaloniki, and the restoration of the IMS building in Rethymno began. Science and Technology Parks were established connected to the institutes in Heraklion, Patras, and Thessaloniki and respective buildings with European funding were erected. The main FORTH building infrastructure in Heraklion in 2004 had an area of 30,000 square meters. Most of the buildings were designed[22] and supervised by Panos Koulermos,[23] then a professor of architecture at the University of Southern California. FORTH has been established as the premier research organisation in Greece,[24] ranking consistently first in scientific quality and international recognition by a variety of metrics,[25] including evaluations by external Committees as well as attracting funding by European Research Council grants. Achieving this status was not easy, as several times the supervising agencies attempted to introduce political criteria and to intervene.[26]

Economou stepped down from the position of director general of FORTH in April 2004,[27] and he was succeeded[28] by Stelios C. Orphanoudakis. Three years later, in 2007, he reached the compulsory retirement age of 67 at the university. He was awarded the title of emeritus professor at the University of Crete and he continues to teach and remains active in research at the department of physics.

Research areas

Economou worked in a broad range of topics in the area of condensed matter physics. These topics include electronic properties of many different materials and systems, with emphasis on systems with defects (crystallographic defects) and disordered systems (e.g. amorphous semiconductors),[29] [30] magnetic and optical properties of different materials, including superconductors and  strongly correlated materials,[31] [32] surface plasmons and their interactions in metals and semiconductors,[33] [34] electron-phonon interactions,[35] non-linear systems and properties,[36] acoustic wave and elastic wave propagation in random and periodic media (e.g. phononic crystals),[37] [38] [39] and electromagnetic wave propagation in complex systems, with emphasis on photonic crystals[40] [41] and metamaterials.[42] [43] [44] [45] [46]

Since 1990 Economou's research is mainly focused on electromagnetic and acoustic/elastic wave propagation in complex systems. He was one of the initiators of the field of phononic crystals (i.e. acoustic/elastic wave band gap materials) which led to the more recent and wider field of acoustic metamaterials. His 1992 publication «Elastic and acoustic wave band structure», was one of the two (almost simultaneous) publications discussing for the first time the concept of the acoustic band gap. This paper was followed by many other well-recognized of Economou's works in the field of phononic crystals and elastic wave propagation in complex systems (see).

In the field of electromagnetic metamaterials, Economou's research helped to eliminate some of the first objections of the scientific community on the possibility of the existence of Negative-index metamaterials, revealing the possibility and limitations for the achievement of negative refractive index in the optical spectrum, and demonstrating some of the unique properties and capabilities of metamaterials (e.g. the possibility for achievement of repulsive Casimir force in chiral metamaterials). In his research on metamaterials, Economou works in close collaboration with his long-term colleague Costas Soukoulis, since the period 1979 to 1982 when Soukoulis was a postdoctoral researcher under his supervision[47] at the University of Virginia. The collaborative research on negative index metamaterials led by Economou and Soukoulis, including scientists from Imperial College (Sir John Pendry), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Bilkent University (Ekmel Özbay), was recognized with the award of the European Union Descartes prize for collaborative research in 2005.

One of the most important scientific contributions by Economou is considered his PhD work on surface plasmons. The relevant 1969 publication "Surface plasmons in thin films", among the first of his career, has become a reference work for the modern field of plasmonics.

Among Economou's earlier research, quite important is considered also the research on Anderson localization in systems with defects (i.e., crystallographic defect) and disordered systems. Many of the novel and important results of this research are summarized in his book “Green’s Functions in Quantum Physics”.

Books

Economou has written several physics textbooks in Greek and in English. His book Green's functions in Quantum Physics, originally published in 1979, has received more than 2500 citations according to Google Scholar. It was included in the electronic Springer Book Archives containing 40 renowned imprints published by Springer between 1842 and 2005.

Books in English

Books in Greek

Awards

Selected publications

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Economou Eleftherios Department of Physics. www.physics.uoc.gr. 2020-04-01.
  2. Sifakis. Grigoris M.. 2001-02-01. E.N. Economou's contribution to the establishment and development of the University of Crete and the Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas. Physica B: Condensed Matter. Proceedings of the Symposium on Wave Propagation and Electronic Structure in Disordered Systems. en. 296. 1. 1–6. 10.1016/S0921-4526(00)00754-7. 2001PhyB..296....1S. 0921-4526.
  3. August 2013. The road ahead for research in Greece. Nature Materials. en. 12. 8. 681. 10.1038/nmat3735. 23877386. 2013NatMa..12..681.. 1476-4660. free.
  4. August 2013. Tough times for Greek science. Nature Materials. en. 12. 8. 686–687. 10.1038/nmat3726. 23877388. 1476-4660. Economou. E.. 2013NatMa..12..686..
  5. Web site: Πανεπιστήμιο Κρήτης: Η γένεση και η πορεία, 1977–2017. 2018-06-01. Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης. el. 2020-03-31.
  6. Web site: Eleftherios N. Economou's Publons profile. publons.com. en. 2020-04-03.
  7. Web site: Eleftherios N. Economou – Google Scholar Citations. scholar.google.gr. 2020-04-01.
  8. Web site: Chemistry Tree – Athanasia L. Paganou. academictree.org. 2020-04-06.
  9. Web site: Sophia Economou. www.phys.vt.edu. en. 2020-04-02.
  10. Cohen. Morrel H.. 2001-02-01. E.N. Economou and the metal-to-insulator transition. Physica B: Condensed Matter. Proceedings of the Symposium on Wave Propagation and Electronic Structure in Disordered Systems. en. 296. 1. 7–20. 10.1016/S0921-4526(00)00772-9. 2001PhyB..296....7C. 0921-4526.
  11. Economou. E. N.. 1969-06-10. Surface Plasmons in Thin Films. Physical Review. 182. 2. 539–554. 10.1103/physrev.182.539. 1969PhRv..182..539E. 0031-899X.
  12. Web site: Διοίκηση και Επιτροπές Τμήματος Φυσικής Τμήμα Φυσικής. www.physics.uoc.gr. 2020-04-16.
  13. Web site: ΠΑΤΡΙΣ – ΑΡΧΕΙΟ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΝΙΚΗΣ ΕΚΔΟΣΗΣ. archive.patris.gr. 2020-04-13.
  14. Web site: ΠΑΤΡΙΣ – ΑΡΧΕΙΟ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΝΙΚΗΣ ΕΚΔΟΣΗΣ. archive.patris.gr. 2020-04-13.
  15. Web site: ΠΑΤΡΙΣ – ΑΡΧΕΙΟ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΝΙΚΗΣ ΕΚΔΟΣΗΣ. archive.patris.gr. 2020-04-13.
  16. Web site: Grigoris Sifakis New York University – Academia.edu. nyu.academia.edu. 2020-04-02.
  17. Web site: Lambropoulos Panagiotis Department of Physics. www.physics.uoc.gr. 2020-04-03.
  18. Web site: Η ερευνητική κοινότητα αποχαιρετά τον παγκόσμιο Έλληνα. 2017-11-20. ΠΑΤΡΙΣ. el. 2020-04-13.
  19. Web site: Ο πρώτος πρόεδρος του ΙΤΕ, κ. Λευτέρης Οικονόμου. ΠΑΤΡΙΣ. el. 2020-04-13.
  20. Web site: Prof. George Papatheodorou, ICE-HT/FORTH. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20040712055802/http://www.iceht.forth.gr:80/staff/papatheodorou.html . 2004-07-12 .
  21. Web site: Iacovos Vasalos Home Page. www.vasalos.com. 2020-05-05.
  22. Web site: Panos Koulermos : Research Centre Of Crete and University Of Crete. www.koulermos.com. 2020-05-04.
  23. Web site: Panos Koulermos : Biography. www.koulermos.com. 2020-05-04.
  24. Web site: ΠΑΤΡΙΣ – ΑΡΧΕΙΟ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΝΙΚΗΣ ΕΚΔΟΣΗΣ. archive.patris.gr. 2020-04-13.
  25. Web site: Greece Ranking Web of Research Centers. research.webometrics.info. 2020-04-04.
  26. Web site: ΠΑΤΡΙΣ – ΑΡΧΕΙΟ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΝΙΚΗΣ ΕΚΔΟΣΗΣ. archive.patris.gr. 2020-04-16.
  27. Web site: ΠΑΤΡΙΣ – ΑΡΧΕΙΟ ΗΛΕΚΤΡΟΝΙΚΗΣ ΕΚΔΟΣΗΣ. archive.patris.gr. 2020-04-23.
  28. Web site: Stelios C. Orphanoudakis has been elected as the new Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas. www.ercim.eu. 2020-04-23.
  29. Soukoulis. C. M.. Economou. E. N.. 1984-02-13. Fractal Character of Eigenstates in Disordered Systems. Physical Review Letters. 52. 7. 565–568. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.52.565. 1984PhRvL..52..565S.
  30. Licciardello. D. C.. Economou. E. N.. 1975-05-15. Study of localization in Anderson's model for random lattices. Physical Review B. 11. 10. 3697–3717. 10.1103/PhysRevB.11.3697. 1975PhRvB..11.3697L.
  31. Klein. B. M.. Economou. E. N.. Papaconstantopoulos. D. A.. 1977-08-29. Inverse Isotope Effect and the $x$ Dependence of the Superconducting Transition Temperature in $\mathrm_$ and $\mathrm_$|journal=Physical Review Letters. 39. 9. 574–577. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.39.574. }
  32. Economou. E. N.. White. C. T.. DeMarco. R. R.. 1978-10-15. Random one-body approximation to the Hubbard model. I. Formalism. Physical Review B. 18. 8. 3946–3958. 10.1103/PhysRevB.18.3946. 1978PhRvB..18.3946E.
  33. Ngai. K. L.. Economou. E. N.. Cohen. Morrel H.. 1969-06-23. Theory of Inelastic Electron-Surface-Plasmon Interactions in Metal-Semiconductor Tunnel Junctions. Physical Review Letters. 22. 25. 1375–1378. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.22.1375. 1969PhRvL..22.1375N.
  34. Pfeiffer. C. A.. Economou. E. N.. Ngai. K. L.. 1974-10-15. Surface polaritons in a circularly cylindrical interface: Surface plasmons. Physical Review B. 10. 8. 3038–3051. 10.1103/PhysRevB.10.3038. 1974PhRvB..10.3038P.
  35. Kopidakis. G.. Soukoulis. C. M.. Economou. E. N.. 1995-06-01. Electron-phonon interaction, localization, and polaron formation in one-dimensional systems. Physical Review B. 51. 21. 15038–15052. 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.15038. 9978458. 1995PhRvB..5115038K.
  36. Li. Qiming. Pnevmatikos. St.. Economou. E. N.. Soukoulis. C. M.. 1988-03-01. Lattice-soliton scattering in nonlinear atomic chains. Physical Review B. 37. 7. 3534–3541. 10.1103/PhysRevB.37.3534. 9944950. 1988PhRvB..37.3534L.
  37. Soukoulis. C. M.. Datta. S.. Economou. E. N.. 1994-02-01. Propagation of classical waves in random media. Physical Review B. 49. 6. 3800–3810. 10.1103/PhysRevB.49.3800. 10011272. 1994PhRvB..49.3800S.
  38. Sigalas. M.. Economou. E. N.. 1993-04-01. Band structure of elastic waves in two dimensional systems. Solid State Communications. en. 86. 3. 141–143. 10.1016/0038-1098(93)90888-T. 1993SSCom..86..141S. 0038-1098.
  39. Kafesaki. M.. Economou. E. N.. 1999-11-01. Multiple-scattering theory for three-dimensional periodic acoustic composites. Physical Review B. 60. 17. 11993–12001. 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.11993. 1999PhRvB..6011993K.
  40. Lidorikis. E.. Sigalas. M. M.. Economou. E. N.. Soukoulis. C. M.. 1998-08-17. Tight-Binding Parametrization for Photonic Band Gap Materials. Physical Review Letters. 81. 7. 1405–1408. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1405. cond-mat/9803391. 1998PhRvL..81.1405L. 59149525.
  41. Sigalas. M.. Soukoulis. C. M.. Economou. E. N.. Chan. C. T.. Ho. K. M.. 1993-11-15. Photonic band gaps and defects in two dimensions: Studies of the transmission coefficient. Physical Review B. 48. 19. 14121–14126. 10.1103/PhysRevB.48.14121. 10007825. 1993PhRvB..4814121S. 27658999 .
  42. Soukoulis. C. M.. Kafesaki. M.. Economou. E. N.. 2006. Negative-Index Materials: New Frontiers in Optics. Advanced Materials. en. 18. 15. 1941–1952. 10.1002/adma.200600106. 2006AdM....18.1941S . 54507609 . 1521-4095.
  43. Koschny. T.. Kafesaki. M.. Economou. E. N.. Soukoulis. C. M.. 2004-09-02. Effective Medium Theory of Left-Handed Materials. Physical Review Letters. 93. 10. 107402. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.107402. 15447450. cond-mat/0407366. 2004PhRvL..93j7402K. 11257883.
  44. Tassin. P.. Zhang. Lei. Koschny. Th.. Economou. E. N.. Soukoulis. C. M.. 2009-02-03. Low-Loss Metamaterials Based on Classical Electromagnetically Induced Transparency. Physical Review Letters. 102. 5. 053901. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.053901. 19257513. 0807.2478. 2009PhRvL.102e3901T. 17948088.
  45. Zhao. R.. Zhou. J.. Koschny. Th.. Economou. E. N.. Soukoulis. C. M.. 2009-09-04. Repulsive Casimir Force in Chiral Metamaterials. Physical Review Letters. 103. 10. 103602. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.103602. 19792309. 0907.1435. 2009PhRvL.103j3602Z. 29842681.
  46. Basharin. Alexey A.. Kafesaki. Maria. Economou. Eleftherios N.. Soukoulis. Costas M.. Fedotov. Vassili A.. Savinov. Vassili. Zheludev. Nikolay I.. 2015-03-27. Dielectric Metamaterials with Toroidal Dipolar Response. Physical Review X. 5. 1. 011036. 10.1103/PhysRevX.5.011036. 1407.0541. 2015PhRvX...5a1036B. 33959285.
  47. Web site: Physics Tree – Costas M. Soukoulis. academictree.org. 2020-04-15.
  48. Book: Economou, Eleftherios N.. 2006. Green's Functions in Quantum Physics. Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences. 7. en-gb. 10.1007/3-540-28841-4. 2006gfqp.book.....E. 978-3-540-28838-1. 0171-1873.
  49. Book: Economou, Eleftherios N.. A Short Journey from Quarks to the Universe. 2011. Springer-Verlag. 978-3-642-20089-2. SpringerBriefs in Physics. Berlin Heidelberg. en.
  50. Book: Economou, Eleftherios N.. 2016. From Quarks to the Universe. en-gb. 10.1007/978-3-319-20654-7. 2016fqu..book.....E. 978-3-319-20653-0.
  51. Book: Economou, Eleftherios N.. Graduate Texts in Physics . 2010. The Physics of Solids. en-gb. 10.1007/978-3-642-02069-8. 2010pseb.book.....E. 978-3-642-02068-1. 93381551 . 1868-4513.
  52. Web site: ΣΤΑΤΙΣΤΙΚΗ ΦΥΣΙΚΗ ΚΑΙ ΘΕΡΜΟΔΥΝΑΜΙΚΗ. 2012-02-09. Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης. el. 2020-04-01.
  53. Web site: ΑΠΟ ΤΑ ΚΟΥΑΡΚ ΜΕΧΡΙ ΤΟ ΣΥΜΠΑΝ. 2012-05-07. Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης. el. 2020-04-01.
  54. Web site: ΦΥΣΙΚΗ ΣΤΕΡΕΑΣ ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΗΣ, ΤΟΜΟΣ Ι. 2012-02-09. Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης. el. 2020-04-01.
  55. Web site: ΦΥΣΙΚΗ ΣΤΕΡΕΑΣ ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΗΣ, ΤΟΜΟΣ ΙΙ. 2011-10-11. Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης. el. 2020-04-01.
  56. Web site: ΕΠΙΤΟΜΗ ΦΥΣΙΚΗ ΣΤΕΡΕΑΣ ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΗΣ. 2016-02-07. Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης. el. 2020-04-01.
  57. Web site: ΠΥΡΗΝΙΚΑ ΟΠΛΑ ΚΑΙ ΑΝΘΡΩΠΙΝΟΣ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΟΣ. 2012-05-24. Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης. el. 2020-04-01.
  58. Web site: Η ΦΥΣΙΚΗ ΣΗΜΕΡΑ, ΤΟΜΟΣ Ι. 2012-02-09. Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης. el. 2020-04-01.
  59. Web site: Η ΦΥΣΙΚΗ ΣΗΜΕΡΑ, ΤΟΜΟΣ ΙΙ. 2012-02-09. Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης. el. 2020-04-01.
  60. Web site: APS Fellow Archive. www.aps.org. en. 2020-04-01.
  61. Web site: Ελευθέριος Οικονόμου, Επίτιμος Διδάκτορας Τμήματος Επιστήμης και Τεχνολογίας Υλικών – 28η Σεπτεμβρίου 2004. www.materials.uoi.gr. 2020-04-13.
  62. Web site: Physical Review Journals – Outstanding Referees. journals.aps.org. 2020-04-16.
  63. Web site: Στον Λευτέρη Οικονόμου το "Βραβείο Ηθικής Τάξεως". 2020-07-22. Cretalive. el.
  64. Web site: ΠΑΤΡΙΣ . ΕΦΗΜΕΡΙΔΑ . 2023-12-19 . ΕΚΔΗΛΩΣΗ ΣΤΟ ΙΔΡΥΜΑ: 40 χρόνια ΙΤΕ σε κλίμα συγκίνησης . 2023-12-23 . ΚΡΗΤΗ ΝΕΑ: ΠΑΤΡΙΣ ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΙΝΗ ΕΦΗΜΕΡΙΔΑ ΗΡΑΚΛΕΙΟΥ . el.
  65. Economou. E. N.. Cohen. Morrel H.. 1972-04-15. Existence of Mobility Edges in Anderson's Model for Random Lattices. Physical Review B. 5. 8. 2931–2948. 10.1103/PhysRevB.5.2931. 1972PhRvB...5.2931E.
  66. Economou. E. N.. Soukoulis. C. M.. 1981-03-02. Static Conductance and Scaling Theory of Localization in One Dimension. Physical Review Letters. 46. 9. 618–621. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.46.618. 1981PhRvL..46..618E.
  67. Sigalas. M. M.. Economou. E. N.. 1992-10-22. Elastic and acoustic wave band structure. Journal of Sound and Vibration. en. 158. 2. 377–382. 10.1016/0022-460X(92)90059-7. 1992JSV...158..377S. 0022-460X.
  68. Kafesaki. M.. Penciu. R. S.. Economou. E. N.. 2000-06-26. Air Bubbles in Water: A Strongly Multiple Scattering Medium for Acoustic Waves. Physical Review Letters. 84. 26. 6050–6053. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.6050. 10991121. 2000PhRvL..84.6050K.
  69. Foteinopoulou. S.. Economou. E. N.. Soukoulis. C. M.. 2003-03-13. Refraction in Media with a Negative Refractive Index. Physical Review Letters. 90. 10. 107402. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.107402. 12689030. cond-mat/0210346. 2003PhRvL..90j7402F. 35301157.
  70. Zhou. J.. Koschny. Th.. Kafesaki. M.. Economou. E. N.. Pendry. J. B.. Soukoulis. C. M.. 2005-11-23. Saturation of the Magnetic Response of Split-Ring Resonators at Optical Frequencies. Physical Review Letters. 95. 22. 223902. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.223902. 16384220. 2005PhRvL..95v3902Z.
  71. Droulias. Sotiris. Katsantonis. Ioannis. Kafesaki. Maria. Soukoulis. Costas M.. Economou. Eleftherios N.. 2019-05-28. Chiral Metamaterials with $PT$ Symmetry and Beyond. Physical Review Letters. 122. 21. 213201. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.213201. 31283318. 1811.05344. 2019PhRvL.122u3201D. 53677596.

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