This is the electoral history of Barack Obama, who served as the 44th president of the United States (2009 - 2017) and as a United States senator from Illinois (2005 - 2008).
A member of the Democratic Party, Obama was first elected to the Illinois Senate in 1997 representing the 13th district, which covered much of the Chicago South Side. In 2000, Obama ran an unsuccessful campaign for Illinois's 1st congressional district in the United States House of Representatives against four-term incumbent Bobby Rush. In 2004, Obama campaigned for the U.S. Senate, participating in the first Senate election in which both major party candidates were African American, with Alan Keyes running as the Republican candidate. Obama won the election, gaining a seat previously represented by Republican Peter Fitzgerald.
In 2008, Obama entered the Democratic primaries for the U.S. presidential election. Numerous candidates entered initially, but over time the field narrowed down to Obama and Senator Hillary Clinton from New York. The contest was highly competitive between the two, with neither being able to reach a majority of delegates without the addition of unpledged delegates. Eventually, Clinton ended her campaign and endorsed Obama for the nomination, prompting his victory. He went on to face Senator John McCain from Arizona as the Republican nominee, defeating him with 365 electoral votes to McCain's 173.
Obama sought re-election for a second term in 2012, running virtually unopposed in the Democratic primaries. His opponent in the general election was former governor of Massachusetts Mitt Romney. Obama won 332 electoral votes, defeating Romney who gained 206. After this election, he became the first president since Ronald Reagan to receive a majority of the popular vote twice.
Excluding penalized contests, only primary and caucuses votes:
Including penalized contests:
| 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidate | Delegates | |||
| Pledged delegates | Superdelegates | Total delegates | ||
| Barack Obama | 1,795 | 361 | 2,156 | |
| Hillary Clinton | 1,637 | 285 | 1,922 | |
| John Edwards | 4 | 2 | 6 | |
| Total | 3,436 | 648 | 4,084 | |
| Needed to win | 2,118 | |||
2008 Democratic National Convention (Presidential tally)
Unfinished roll call (13 states, D.C. Guam, American Samoa and Democrats Abroad):