Eigenmannia Explained

Eigenmannia is a genus of fish in the family Sternopygidae (glass knifefishes) native to tropical and subtropical South America (south to the Río de la Plata Basin), and Panama.^[1] They are typically found in slow-flowing streams, along the edge of large rivers, in deep river channels and in floodplains, and the genus also includes E. vicentespelaea, the only cave-adapted knifefish.^{[1] [2]} Eigenmannia are often found near submerged roots, aquatic plants and floating meadows.^{[2] [3]}

Depending on the exact species, they have a maximum total length of NaNabbr=onNaNabbr=on. They are nocturnal, and feed on small invertebrates such as aquatic insect larvae and zooplanktonic crustaceans.^[2]

Species

These are the currently recognized species in this genus:

• Eigenmannia antonioi L. A. W. Peixoto, Dutra & Wosiacki, 2015^[1]
• Eigenmannia besouro L. A. W. Peixoto & Wosiacki, 2016^[4]
• Eigenmannia bumba Dutra, Ramos & Menezes, 2022
• Eigenmannia cacuria Dutra, Ramos & Menezes, 2022
• Eigenmannia correntes Campos-da-Paz & Queiroz, 2017^[5]
• Eigenmannia desantanai L. A. W. Peixoto, Dutra & Wosiacki, 2015^[1]
• Eigenmannia dutrai L. A. W. Peixoto, M. N. L. PASTANA, & Ballen, 2020^[6]
• Eigenmannia goajira L. P. Schultz, 1949^[7]
• Eigenmannia guairaca L. A. W. Peixoto, Dutra & Wosiacki, 2015^[1]
• Eigenmannia humboldtii (Steindachner, 1878)
• Eigenmannia limbata (Schreiner & A. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903)
• Eigenmannia loretana Waltz & Albert, 2018^[8]
• Eigenmannia macrops (Boulenger, 1897)
• Eigenmannia matintapereira L. A. W. Peixoto, Dutra & Wosiacki, 2015^[1]
• Eigenmannia meeki Dutra, de Santana & Wosiacki, 2017^[9]
• Eigenmannia microstoma (J. T. Reinhardt, 1852)
• Eigenmannia muirapinima L. A. W. Peixoto, Dutra & Wosiacki, 2015^[1]
• Eigenmannia nigra Mago-Leccia, 1994
• Eigenmannia oradens Dutra, L. A. W. Peixoto, de Santana & Wosiacki, 2018^[10]
• Eigenmannia pavulagem L. A. W. Peixoto, Dutra & Wosiacki, 2015^[1]
• Eigenmannia robsoni Dutra, Ramos & Menezes, 2022^[11]
• Eigenmannia sayona L. A. W. Peixoto & Waltz, 2017^[12]
• Eigenmannia sirius L. A. W. Peixoto & Waltz, 2019^[13]
• Eigenmannia trilineata R. B. López & Castello, 1966
• Eigenmannia vicentespelaea Triques, 1996
• Eigenmannia virescens (Valenciennes, 1836)
• Eigenmannia waiwai L. A. W. Peixoto, Dutra & Wosiacki, 2015^[1]

Notes and References

1. Peixoto, L.A.W., Dutra, G.M. & Wosiacki, W.B. (2015). The Electric Glass Knifefishes of the Eigenmannia trilineata species-group (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae): monophyly and description of seven new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 175 (2): 384–414.
2. Book: van der Sleen, P. . J.S. Albert . 2017 . Field Guide to the Fishes of the Amazon, Orinoco, and Guianas . Princeton University Press . 343–344 . 978-0691170749 .
3. Carvalho, L.N. . L. Fidelis . R. Arruda . A. Galuch . K. Zuanon . 2013 . Second floor, please: the fish fauna of floating litter banks in Amazonian streams and rivers . Neotrop. Ichthyol. . 11 . 1 . 78–91 . 10.1590/S1679-62252013000100010 . free .
4. Peixoto, L.A.W. & Wosiacki, W.B. (2016): Eigenmannia besouro, a new species of the Eigenmannia trilineata species-group (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from the rio São Francisco basin, northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa, 4126 (2): 262–270.
5. Campos-Da-Paz, R. & Queiroz, I.R. (2017): A new species of Eigenmannia Jordan and Evermann (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from the upper rio Paraguai basin. Zootaxa, 4216 (1): 73-84.
6. Peixoto, L. A. W., Pastana, M. N. L., & Ballen, G. A. (2020). New species of glass knifefish genus Eigenmannia (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) with comments on the morphology and function of the enlarged cephalic lateral‐line canals of Sternopygidae. Journal of Fish Biology. doi:10.1111/jfb.14564
7. Dutra, G.M., Santana, C.D.d., Vari, R.P. & Wosiacki, W.B. (2014): The South American Electric Glass Knifefish Genus Distocyclus (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae): Redefinition and Revision. Copeia, 2014 (2): 345-354.
8. Waltz, B.T. & Albert, J.T. (2018): New Species of Glass Knifefish Eigenmannia loretana (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from the Western Amazon Zootaxa 4399(3): 399–411.
9. Dutra, G.M. . C.D. de Santana . W.B. Wosiacki . 2017 . A new species of the glass electric knifefish genus Eigenmannia Jordan and Evermann (Teleostei: Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from Río Tuíra basin, Panama . Copeia . 105 . 1 . 85–91 . 10.1643/CI-16-439 . 90571735 .
10. Dutra, G.M. . L.A.W. Peixoto . C.D. de Santana . W.B. Wosiacki . 2018 . A new species of Eigenmannia Jordan & Evermann (Teleostei: Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from Río Ventuari, Venezuela . Zootaxa . 4422 . 1 . 132–140 . 10.11646/zootaxa.4422.1.8 . 30313516 .
11. Dutra . Guilherme Moreira . Ramos . Telton Pedro Anselmo . Menezes . Naércio Aquino . Description of three new species of Eigenmannia (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from the rio Mearim and rio Parnaíba basins, Northeastern Brazil . Neotropical Ichthyology . 2022 . 20 . 1 . e210117 . 10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0117. free .
12. Peixoto . Luiz A. W. . Waltz . Brandon T. . A new species of the Eigenmannia trilineata (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) species group from the río Orinoco basin, Venezuela . Neotropical Ichthyology . 2017 . 15 . 1 . e150199 . 10.1590/1982-0224-20150199. free .
13. Peixoto, L.A.W. . W.M. Ohara . 2019 . A new species of Eigenmannia Jordan & Evermann (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from Rio Tapajós, Brazil, with discussion on its species group and the myology within Eigenmanniinae . PLOS ONE . 14 . 8 . e0220287 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0220287 . 31412067 . 6693845 . 2019PLoSO..1420287P . free .