Eichler's rule explained

Eichler's rule is one of several coevolutionary rules which states that parasites tend to be highly specific to their hosts, and thus it seems reasonable to expect a positive co-variation between the taxonomic richness of hosts and that of their parasites.

History

A rule to describe the taxonomic relationship between parasites and their hosts was developed in 1942 by Wolfdietrich Eichler (1912–1994), a German authority in zoology and parasitology who served as a professor of parasitology at Leipzig University.[1] [2] The principle was later dubbed 'Eichler's rule'. It is one of the first three coevolutionary rules, created in opposition to Heinrich Fahrenholz's anti-Darwinian research into coevolution.[3]

Research

As a part of their 2012 study, Vas and his co-authors tested Eichler's rule, and concluded that exceptionally strong correlational evidence supports the positive co-variation between the species richness of avian and mammalian families and the generic richness of their parasitic lice.[4]

In volume nine of Advances in Parasitology, parasitologist W. Grant Inglis posited that, when studying the co-variation between the taxonomic richness of hosts and parasites, it is easier to study parasites than free-living host organisms.[5]

Notes and References

  1. Eichler. Wolfdietrich. 1966. Two New Evolutionary Terms for Speciation in Parasitic Animals. Systematic Zoology. 15. 3. 216–218. 10.2307/2411393. 2411393. 5924358. 0039-7989.
  2. Eichler. W.. 1942. Die Entfaltungsregel und andere Gesetzmäßigkeiten in den parasitogenetischen Beziehungen der Mallophagen und anderer ständiger Parasiten zu ihren Wirten. Zoologischer Anzeiger. 136. 77–83. 2012-12-28. 2017-03-04. https://web.archive.org/web/20170304041639/http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/39548.pdf. dead.
  3. Klassen . G. J. . Coevolution: a history of the macroevolutionary approach to studying host-parasite associations . The Journal of Parasitology . 1992 . 78 . 4 . 573–587 . 10.2307/3283532 . 3283532 . 0022-3395 . 1635016.
  4. Vas. Z.. Csorba, G.. Rozsa, L.. 2012. Evolutionary co-variation of host and parasite diversity – the first test of Eichler's rule using parasitic lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera). Parasitology Research. 111. 1. 393–401. 10.1007/s00436-012-2850-9. 22350674. 14923342.
  5. Book: Advances in Parasitology. 1971-03-31. Academic Press. 978-0-08-058055-5. en.