| Edwin Albert Robson | |
| Office: | Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois |
| Term Start: | April 16, 1975 |
| Term End: | October 21, 1986 |
| Office1: | Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois |
| Term Start1: | 1970 |
| Term End1: | 1975 |
| Predecessor1: | William Joseph Campbell |
| Successor1: | James Benton Parsons |
| Office2: | Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois |
| Term Start2: | September 29, 1958 |
| Term End2: | April 16, 1975 |
| Appointer2: | Dwight D. Eisenhower |
| Predecessor2: | Winfred George Knoch |
| Successor2: | John F. Grady |
| Office3: | Judge of the Illinois Appellate Court |
| Term Start3: | 1951 |
| Term End3: | 1958 |
| Office4: | Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Cook County |
| Term Start4: | 1949 |
| Term End4: | 1951 |
| Office5: | Justice of the Superior Court of Cook County |
| Term Start5: | 1945 |
| Term End5: | 1951 |
| Birth Name: | Edwin Albert Robson |
| Birth Date: | 16 April 1905 |
| Birth Place: | Chicago, Illinois |
| Education: | DePaul University College of Law (LL.B.) |
Edwin Albert Robson (April 16, 1905 – October 21, 1986) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.
Born in Chicago, Illinois, Robson received a Bachelor of Laws from the DePaul University College of Law in 1928 and entered private practice in Chicago. He became a Judge of the Superior Court of Cook County in 1945. In 1949 he became Chief Justice of that court. He became a Judge of the Illinois Appellate Court in 1951, a role he served in until his appointment to the federal bench.
Robson received a recess appointment from President Dwight D. Eisenhower on September 29, 1958, to a seat vacated by Judge Winfred George Knoch on the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois. He was formally nominated to the same seat by President Eisenhower on January 17, 1959, confirmed on April 29, 1959, and received his commission on April 30, 1959. He was a member of the Judicial Conference of the United States from 1966 to 1969, and a member of the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation from 1968 to 1979. He served as Chief Judge from 1970 to 1975, and assumed senior status on April 16, 1975. Robson served in that capacity until his death on October 21, 1986.