| Edward Skottowe Northrop | |
| Office: | Judge of the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review |
| Term Start: | January 11, 1985 |
| Term End: | January 10, 1992 |
| Appointer: | Warren E. Burger |
| Predecessor: | James E. Barrett |
| Successor: | Bobby Baldock |
| Office1: | Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland |
| Term Start1: | June 12, 1981 |
| Term End1: | August 12, 2003 |
| Office2: | Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland |
| Term Start2: | September 23, 1970 |
| Term End2: | June 12, 1981 |
| Predecessor2: | Robert Dorsey Watkins |
| Successor2: | Frank Albert Kaufman |
| Office3: | Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland |
| Term Start3: | September 5, 1961 |
| Term End3: | June 12, 1981 |
| Appointer3: | John F. Kennedy |
| Predecessor3: | Seat established by 75 Stat. 80 |
| Successor3: | Walter Evan Black Jr. |
| Office4: | Member of the Maryland Senate |
| Term4: | 1954-1961 |
| Birth Name: | Edward Skottowe Northrop |
| Birth Date: | 21 June 1911 |
| Birth Place: | Chevy Chase, Maryland |
| Death Place: | Sandy Spring, Maryland |
| Education: | George Washington University Law School (LL.B.) |
Edward Skottowe Northrop (June 12, 1911 – August 12, 2003) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland.
Born in Chevy Chase, Maryland, Northrop received a Bachelor of Laws from George Washington University Law School in 1937. He was manager of the Village of Chevy Chase from 1935 to 1941. He was attorney for the Village of Chevy Chase from 1941 to 1961. He was in the United States Navy as a Commander from 1941 to 1945. He was in private practice in Rockville, Maryland and Washington, D.C. from 1945 to 1961. He was a member of the Maryland Senate from 1954 to 1961, serving as Majority Leader from 1958 to 1961.
Northrop was nominated by President John F. Kennedy on August 23, 1961, to the United States District Court for the District of Maryland, to a new seat created by 75 Stat. 80. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on September 1, 1961, and received his commission on September 5, 1961. He served as Chief Judge from 1970 to 1981. He was a member of the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation from 1979 to 1983. He assumed senior status on June 12, 1981. He served as a Judge of the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review from January 11, 1985 to January 10, 1982. Northrop served in senior status until his death on August 12, 2003, in Sandy Spring, Maryland.