| Edward Matthew Curran | |
| Office: | Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia |
| Term Start: | April 2, 1971 |
| Term End: | January 10, 1988 |
| Office1: | Chief Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia |
| Term Start1: | 1966 |
| Term End1: | 1971 |
| Predecessor1: | Richmond Bowling Keech |
| Successor1: | John Sirica |
| Office2: | Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia |
| Term Start2: | October 16, 1946 |
| Term End2: | April 2, 1971 |
| Appointer2: | Harry S. Truman |
| Predecessor2: | Daniel William O'Donoghue |
| Successor2: | Charles Robert Richey |
| Office3: | United States Attorney for the District of Columbia |
| Term Start3: | 1940 |
| Term End3: | 1946 |
| President3: | Franklin D. Roosevelt Harry S. Truman |
| Predecessor3: | David Andrew Pine |
| Successor3: | George M. Fay |
| Birth Name: | Edward Matthew Curran |
| Birth Date: | 10 May 1903 |
| Birth Place: | Bangor, Maine |
| Education: | University of Maine (A.B.) |
Edward Matthew Curran (May 10, 1903 – January 10, 1988) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia.
Born in Bangor, Maine, Curran received a Bachelor of Laws from the Columbus School of Law at the Catholic University of America in 1927 and an Artium Baccalaureus degree from the University of Maine in 1928. He was in private practice in Washington, D.C. from 1928 to 1934, and was an assistant corporation counsel for the District of Columbia from 1934 to 1936. He was a Judge of the District of Columbia Police Court from 1936 to 1940, and then served as the United States Attorney for the District of Columbia from 1940 to 1946.
Curran received a recess appointment from President Harry S. Truman on October 16, 1946, to an Associate Justice seat on the District Court of the United States for the District of Columbia (Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia after June 25, 1948) vacated by Judge Daniel William O`Donoghue. He was nominated to the same position by President Truman on January 8, 1947. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 3, 1947, and received his commission on February 5, 1947. He served as Chief Judge from 1966 to 1971. He was a member of the Judicial Conference of the United States from 1968 to 1971. He assumed senior status on April 2, 1971. His service terminated on January 10, 1988, due to his death.
Curran presided over the trial of Mildred Gillars (aka Axis Sally) for treason in 1949. Gillars was coincidentally also born in Maine (Portland).