Edward Haycock Sr. Explained

Edward Haycock
Nationality:	British
Birth Date:	29 July 1790
Birth Place:	Shrewsbury
Death Date:	20 December 1870
Death Place:	Shrewsbury
Alma Mater:	A pupil of Sir Jeffrey Wyattville
Practice:	J H and E Haycock c1815-30
Significant Buildings:	Millichope, Glynllifon and Clytha Park.
Significant Projects:	The planned town at Aberaeron, Ceredigion

Edward Haycock Sr. (29 July 1790 – 20 December 1870) was an English architect renowned for his work in the West Midlands and central and southern Wales during the late Georgian and early Victorian periods.^[1]

Biography

Haycock was the grandson of William Haycock (1725–1802) of Shrewsbury and the son of John Hiram Haycock (1759–1830), who were architects and building contractors. He joined the family business after 1810 and assumed control following his father's death in 1830. Around 1845, he transitioned from building contracting to focus solely on architecture, with his son Edward Haycock Junior (1829/30-1882) later joining the practice and continuing it until about 1880.^[2]

On 13 February 1827, Haycock married Mary Hatton at St Sepulchre-without-Newgate, London and had three sons and four daughters.^[3]

In addition to his architectural career, Haycock was active in the political life of Shrewsbury as a Conservative. He served on the council for thirty-four years, became an alderman, and was mayor in 1842.^[4] He was a friend of the Shrewsbury architect John Carline and also of Dr Robert Waring Darwin, the father of the naturalist Charles Darwin.

He died on 20 December 1870 at his home, The Priory, Shrewsbury,^[5] aged 80 and was buried in St Chad's churchyard.

"Haycock Way", linking Shrewsbury's 20th century inner ring road to the Column roundabout at Abbey Foregate, is named after the family.^[6]

Architectural career

Haycock professionally trained in London under Sir Jeffrey Wyattville, exhibiting at the Royal Academy between 1808 and 1810. He then rejoined his father in the family building firm, working as builder and architect until about 1845, when he became a full-time architect. Work for the Gwynne family of Monachty led to the planning of Aberaeron. He was appointed County Surveyor of Shropshire from 1834 to 1866.

Associations and style

Haycock was part of a group of architects, including Thomas Farnolls Pritchard, Joseph Bromfield and John Carline, who established Shrewsbury as a major centre for architectural innovation in the later 18th and first half of the 19th century. This group gained many major architectural commissions in Shropshire and over much of Wales, despite competition from major London architects. Edward Haycock Snr specialised as a Gothic Revival architect. His father had used the Ionic order very effectively on the ill-fated Shrewsbury Shirehall^[6] and Edward Haycock continued with the use of Ionic orders on his major projects as at Millichope Park, Glynllifon and Clytha Park.^[7] His churches tend to be more pedestrian, using a simplified Gothic, often with crocketed pinnacles on the towers. A departure from this is St Catherine's, Doddington, (a suburb of Whitchurch, Shropshire) 1836–7, which has an impressive Grecian revival facade.

Town of Aberaeron

Aberaeron was founded by Rev. Alban Thomas Jones Gwynne following an Act of Parliament in 1807,^[8] but it appears that town did not start to be laid out until about 1830.^[9] Edward Haycock was employed by Colonel A J Gwynne^[10] for supervising the building of houses and their layout in a grid plan around squares, including the principal one, Alban Square. In 1833, Samuel Lewis's “Topographical Dictionary of Wales” records “Upwards of thirty new leases have been granted, pursuant to which several houses have been already built, and others are already in progress; a general post-office, a posting-house and an excellent hotel have been established". The Town Hall (1833–35), which later became the Cardiganshire County Hall, a typical building in Haycock's style, soon followed.^[11] The building of the planned town continued until the 1850s with a house in Portland Place being dated 1855. The posting house mentioned by Lewis could be the Castle and the hotel could be the Harbourmaster Hotel. Haycock achieved a consistency of style throughout the project which results in the attractive appearance of Aberaeron today.

List of architectural work

Public buildings and monuments

• Shrewsbury 1814–16: Lord Hill's Column at Shrewsbury (assisted by Thomas Harrison of Chester^[12]
• Shrewsbury, The Butter Market, Pride Hill, 1819–20, demolished 1830 – New Butter Market^[12]
• Dolgellau, Merionethshire, The County Hall, 1823-5^[12]
• Coed-Cwnwr Almshouses, Monmouthshire, 1825^[12]
• Shire Hall, Presteigne 1826-9^{[12] [13]}
• Shrewsbury, The Salop Infirmary,^[12] rebuild 1827–30^[14]
• Monmouth, Shire Hall extension, c. 1830^[12]
• Old Town Hall, Ellesmere, 1833
• Cardiff, The Market^[12]
• Neath Market, 1835-6^[12]
• Shrewsbury Savings Bank^[12]
• Shrewsbury The Music Hall, 1839–40^[12]
• Wrockwardine Almshouses^[12]
• Dowlais Market Hall^[12]
• Llandovery National School^[12]
• Llandeilo Bridge, 1848^[12]
• Shrewsbury Lancastrian School^[12]
• Shrewsbury St Chad's School, 1859^[12]
• Shropshire County Lunatic Asylum alterations^[15]

A newspaper obituary states Haycock also "obtained first prizes for plans for the Birmingham and New Orleans Infirmaries"^[16] but these are not mentioned by Colvin.

Churches

Shropshire

• Shrewsbury St George, Frankwell 1829–32
• Tilstock 1835
• Whitchurch, St Catherine, Doddington. 1836-7
• Cruckton 1840
• Cressage 1841
• Cound 1842-3
• Bayston Hill 1843
• Clun Chapel Lawn 1843
• Hope 1843
• Middleton-in-Chirbury 1843
• Dorrington 1843-5
• Newcastle 1848
• Church Pulverbatch 1852-3
• Christ Church Shelton and Oxon 1854

Staffordshire

• Tettenhall 1825

Breconshire

• Hay on Wye 1833-4

Cardiganshire

• Aberaeron 1835

Carmarthenshire

• Carmarthen St David.
• Llannon 1841

Ceredigion

• Aberaeron
• Aberystwyth St Michael 1830-3
• St David's Church, Barmouth 1830

Glamorgan

• Caerphilly 1826
• Tai Bach Margam 1827
• Beulah Calvinistic Methodist Chapel, Groes, 1838

Merioneth

• Barmouth 1830

Monmouthshire

• Abersychan 1831-2
• Trevethin St Thomas 1831-2
• Lanvaud 1843

Montgomeryshire

• Machynlleth 1827

Country houses

Shropshire

• Onslow Hall 1815–20 – Remodelled house for John Wingfield^[15]
• Loton Park – Reconstructed south front 1819.^[15]
• Hodnet Rectory. For Rev Reginald Heber. Presumably a joint design with his father.^[15]
• Stanton Lacy Downton Hall near Ludlow. 1824 – New front entrance^[17]
• Clungunford House.1825-8. For the Rev John Rocke.^[15]
• Orleton Hall. Refronted house c1830.^[15]
• Walford Manor 1831–5.
• Leaton Knolls. c1835. Demolished 1955.^[15]
• Millichope Park, Shropshire 1835–40, Greek Revival house for Rev. R. N. Pemberton.
• Longner Hall. Alterations 1838–42.^[17]
• Condover Vicarage 1843. Tudorish.
• Badger Hall. Alterations 1849–50.^[18]
• Netley Hall, Shropshire.1854-8.^[18]
• Stanton Lacy Vicarage.^[15]

Herefordshire

• Shobdon Court. Alterations c1830-5.^[15]
• Shobdon Rectory. 1844.^[18]

Northamptonshire

• Kelmarsh Hall. Minor alterations 1842.^[18]
• Farthingstone Rectory. Enlarged 1842–3.^[18]

Caernarfonshire

• Glynllifon 1836–49. For Lord Newborough.^[18]

Carmarthenshire

• Stradey Castle 1849–53.^[18]

Cardiganshire

• Llansantffraed Alltlwyd House 1832.^[18]
• Plas Llangoedmor, Rebuilt 1833.^[18]
• Monordeifi (Manordeifi), Clynfyw c1849-50 (now Pembrokeshire).^[18]
• Llandygwydd Penlyan. 1852.^[18]

Ceredigion

• Nanteos Portico, new dining room and new frontage to stable block, c. 1839–49. The original stable block appear to have been built to designs by John Nash in c. 1813–15.^[18]

Glamorgan

• Penrice Castle Minor Works.^[18]
• Swansea Penllergare. 1836. Demolished except for a lodge and observatory.^[18]
• Sketty Hall −1830s Entrance hall^[19]

Montgomeryshire

• Welshpool Rectory
• Churchstoke Vicarage. Enlarged 1846–7.^[15]

Monmouthshire

• Clytha Park 1824–28 – House for William Jones

Neath Port Talbot

• Margam Castle 1830-1835 - Haycock worked as supervising architect, in support of Thomas Hopper

Radnorshire

• Stanage Park. Alterations 1845.^[18]

Literature

• Colvin H. (2008) A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600–1840. Yale University Press, 4th edition London.
• Lloyd T et al.(2006):Carmarthenshire and Ceredigion: The Buildings of Wales, Yale University Press.
• J Newman and N Pevsner, (2006), The Buildings of England: Shropshire, Yale.
• R Scourfield and R Haslam (2013, The Buildings of Wales: Powys; Montgomeryshire, Radnorshire and Breconshire, Yale University Press.

External links

• Edward Haycock entry at Oxford Art/Grove Art Online (Subscription paywall). Retrieved 9 January 2020

Notes and References

1. Colvin H. A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600–1840 Yale University Press, 3rd edition London, 1995, 478–481. The 4th edition, published in 2008 may contain further information.
2. Brodie, Antonia (ed) "Directory of British Architects, 1834–1914": 2 Vols, British Architectural Library, Royal Institute of British Architects, 2001, 871–2.
3. Leach, Peter. 'Haycock, Edward (bap. 1790, d. 1870)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004
4. Hobbs J L. 'The Haycocks', Shropshire Magazine, 11 (Feb 1960), 17–18
5. News: Deaths (notices). The Shrewsbury Chronicle. 23 December 1870. 5.
6. http://shrewsburylocalhistory.org.uk/haycock.htm Haycock Way
7. Crook, J. Mordaunt. "The Greek Revival: Neoclassical Attitudes in British Architecture 1760–1870". John Murray 1972, p.98, 102, Pls 98, 122,135
8. Howell J M. "The Birth and Growth of Aberayron". Paper at Ceredigion Historical Society, September 1926. Retrieved 9 January 2020
9. Pythian-Adams H V. “The Planning of Aberaeron”, Ceredigion, viii, 1979, 406–7
10. https://www.aberaeron.info/en/history Aberaeron History
11. Lloyd T et al.:"Carmarthenshire and Ceredigion: The Buildings of Wales", Yale University Press 2006, 394
12. "Colvin" 3rd edition, 479
13. Scourfield R and Haslam R. "The Buildings of Wales: Powys; Montgomeryshire, Radnorshire and Breconshire" Yale University Press 2013, 398
14. Book: Keeling-Roberts, Margaret. In Retrospect, A Short History of The Royal Salop Infirmary. 1981. North Shropshire Printing Company. 26–27. The completion stone of the rebuild names the architect as "Edward Haycocks" (sic).
15. "Colvin" 3rd edition, 480
16. News: The Late Edward Haycock, Esq.. Eddowes's Shrewsbury Journal. 28 December 1870. 5. The latter being Touro Infirmary, founded 1852.
17. Newman J and Pevsner N. "The Buildings of England: Shropshire”, Yale 2006344-5
18. "Colvin" 3rd edition, 481
19. Web site: Sketty Hall—A Place in Local History. 4 July 2013. 27 September 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130927063305/http://www.skettyhall.com/History. dead.