| Honorific-Prefix: | The Right Honourable |
| The Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer | |
| Constituency Mp1: | Radnor |
| Term Start1: | 1711 |
| Term End1: | 1714 |
| Successor1: | Thomas Lewis |
| Constituency Mp2: | Cambridgeshire |
| Term Start2: | 1722 |
| Term End2: | 1724 |
| Predecessor2: | Sir Francis Whichcote Sir Robert Clarke |
| Successor2: | Sir John Hynde Cotton Samuel Shepheard |
| Birth Date: | 2 June 1689 |
| Birth Place: | England |
| Death Place: | England |
| Parents: | Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer Elizabeth Foley |
| Children: | 2, including Margaret |
Edward Harley, 2nd Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer (2 June 1689 – 16 June 1741) was an English Tory politician and peer who sat in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1711 to 1724.
Edward Harley was born on 2 June 1689. He was the only son of Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer and his first wife Elizabeth Foley.
He was MP for Radnor (as his father and paternal grandfather had been before him) from 1711 to 1714, and for Cambridgeshire from 1722 until he succeeded his father in 1724 and entered the House of Lords. He was a bibliophile, collector and patron of the arts, and took little interest in public affairs. Harley's considerable collection of coins and medals – 520 lots in all – was auctioned by Christopher Cock at his house in the Great Piazza, Covent Garden over six days, from 18 March 1742.[1]
He extended his father's library and expanded the Harleian Collection, now in the British Library, but a large part of his book collection was acquired by the Danish count Otto Thott, on whose death in 1785 much went to the Royal Library in Copenhagen. The department of Manuscripts and Special Collections, The University of Nottingham holds a number of papers relating to the 2nd Earl and the management of his estates in the Portland (London) collection. Harley family papers (Pw2Hy) are part of the Portland (Welbeck) Collection.
Through his wife, he inherited Welbeck Abbey in Nottinghamshire, and Wimpole Hall in Cambridgeshire. Wimpole became their main residence, but they had to sell it in 1740 to pay Edward's debts. He also acquired a considerable amount of land in the West End of London which was developed during his life. Many of the now famous streets took their names from Harley connections – primarily Harley Street and Oxford Street. Other streets, named after Harley properties, include Wigmore Street and Wimpole Street.
On 31 August 1713 he married Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holles (1694–1755), only daughter and heir of the 1st Duke of Newcastle and his wife, the former Lady Margaret Cavendish, daughter of the 2nd Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. They had two children:
Lord Oxford and Mortimer died in London in 1741 and was buried in the vault of the Duke of Newcastle in Westminster Abbey. He was succeeded in the earldom by his cousin Edward Harley, 3rd Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer.
David Stoker, 'Harley, Edward, second earl of Oxford and Mortimer (1689–1741)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2005 http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/12337