Édouard Brézin Explained

Édouard Brezin
Birth Date:1 December 1938
Birth Place:Paris, France
Nationality:French
Fields:Physics
Alma Mater:École Polytechnique
École des ponts ParisTech

Édouard Brézin (in French bʁezɛ̃/; born 1 December 1938 Paris) is a French theoretical physicist. He is professor at Université Paris 6, working at the laboratory for theoretical physics (LPT) of the École Normale Supérieure since 1986.

Biography

Brézin was born in Paris, France, to agnostic Jewish parents from Poland. His father served in the French army during World War II and was taken prisoner by the Germans in 1940, but escaped, The family used false names and Brézin was hidden by farmers.[1] [2]

Brézin studied at École Polytechnique before doing a PhD. He worked at the theory division of the Commissariat à l'énergie atomique in Saclay until 1986.[1]

Brezin contributed to the field of physics that deals with the macroscopic physical properties of matter and high energy physics. He was a leader in critical behavior theory and developed methods for distilling testable predictions for critical exponents. In using field theoretic techniques in the study of condensed matter, Brezin helped further modern theories of magnetism and the quantum Hall effect.

Brézin was elected a member of the French Academy of Sciences on 18 February 1991 and served as president of the academy in 2005–2006. He also is a foreign associate of the United States National Academy of Sciences (since 2003), a foreign honorary member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (since 2002), a foreign member of the Royal Society (since 2006) and a member of the Academia Europaea (since 2003). He is a commander in the French National order of merit[3] and an Officer of the Legion of Honor.[4]

He is Chair of the Cyprus Research and Educational Foundation.[5] He was awarded the 2011 Dirac Medal of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics together with John Cardy and Alexander Zamolodchikov.

In 2004 he won the Institute of Physics President's Medal.[6]

Research work

Edouard Brezin's work is devoted to quantum field theory, mainly for applications in statistical physics.[7] It uses the theoretical formulation of the renormalization group for critical phenomena (equation of states, scaling corrections, etc.). He showed that the low temperature phase, in the case of a continuous symmetry break, is described by a non-linear sigma model, leading to a development of critical exponents in powers of the minus two space dimension. He showed that the instantaneous method can be used to characterize the asymptotic behaviour of perturbation theory, thus allowing accurate theoretical estimates to be made.[8] He has applied field theory techniques to condensed matter problems, such as critical wetting theory or the study of the phase transition from a normal metal to a type II superconductor under magnetic field. He became interested in theories of gauging with a large number of colors. This led to a representation of two-dimensional quantum gravity by random fluctuating surfaces or closed bosonic strings, in terms of random matrices.[9] He showed that the continuous boundary of such models is linked to integrable hierarchies such as KdV flows. He has also worked on establishing the universality of eigenvalue correlations for random matrices.[10]

Notable publications

Books

See also

References

  1. Brézin . Edouard . Have I Really Been a Condensed Matter Theorist? I'm Not Sure, but Does It Matter? . Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics . 10 March 2021 . 12 . 1 . 1–13 . 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-060120-092046 . 2021ARCMP..12....1B . 228896365 . 25 January 2022 . 1947-5454.
  2. Web site: Jewish Recipients of the Dirac Medal.
  3. http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/WAspad/UnTexteDeJorf?numjo=PREX0407341D Decree of 14 May 2004
  4. http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/WAspad/UnTexteDeJorf?numjo=PREX9903892D Decree of 31 December 1999
  5. http://www.cyi.ac.cy/about_us/cref The Cyprus Institute, CREF
  6. Web site: resident's medal recipients . Institute of Physics. 26 December 2019.
  7. Book: Brezin . Edouard . Wadia . Spenta R . The Large N expansion in quantum field theory and statistical physics : from spin systems to 2-dimensional gravity . 1993 . World Scientific . Singapore . 978-9810204563.
  8. Book: Champs, cordes et phénomènes critiques = Fields, strings and critical phenomena : Les Houches, session XLIX, 28 juin -5 août 1988 . 1990 . North-Holland . 9780444884404.
  9. Book: Brézin . E. . Random matrix theory with an external source . 2016 . Springer . Singapore . 978-981-10-3316-2.
  10. Brézin . E. . Zee . A. . Universality of the correlations between eigenvalues of large random matrices . Nuclear Physics B . August 1993 . 402 . 3 . 613–627 . 10.1016/0550-3213(93)90121-5. 1993NuPhB.402..613B .

External links

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