| Birth Date: | 31 July 1823 |
| Birth Place: | Port-au-Prince, Haiti |
| Death Place: | Meudon, Hauts-de-Seine, France |
| Fields: | Embryology, microbiology |
| Workplaces: | Collège de France |
| Education: | Frankfurt, Paris |
| Academic Advisors: | Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville |
| Known For: | The general theory of the autonomy of the germ cell |
| Spouses: | )--> |
| Children: | Daughter: Laure Binet |
| Relatives: | Alfred Binet, son-in-law |
Édouard-Gérard Balbiani (July 31, 1823 – July 25, 1899) was a French embryologist born in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.[1]
He was educated in Frankfurt and Paris. In Paris he studied natural sciences under zoologist Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville (1777-1850). In 1874 he became professor of embryogeny at the Collège de France, where he remained until his death in 1899.
Balbiani is known for his work in microbiology as well as his studies in embryology. He is credited with the discovery of sexual organ development in Chironomus which eventually led to the general theory on the autonomy of the germ cell. Also, he conducted comprehensive biological research on the sexual habits of Phylloxera vastatrix.[2] With anatomist Louis-Antoine Ranvier (1835-1922), he founded the Archives d'anatomie microscopique. In 1884, his daughter Laure Balbiani married psychologist Alfred Binet.