Ecdysteroid Explained

Ecdysteroids are arthropod steroid hormones that are mainly responsible for molting, development and, to a lesser extent, reproduction;[1] [2] [3] examples of ecdysteroids include ecdysone, ecdysterone, turkesterone and 2-deoxyecdysone.[4] These compounds are synthesized in arthropods from dietary cholesterol upon metabolism by the Halloween family of cytochrome P450s.[5] Phytoecdysteroids also appear in many plants mostly as a protection agents (toxins or antifeedants) against herbivore insects.[6] [7]

Ecdysterone has been tested on mammals due to the interest in its potential hypertrophic effect. It has been found to increase hypertrophy in rats at a similar level to some anabolic androgenic steroids and SARM S 1.[8] This is proposed to be through increase of Calcium leading to activation of Akt and protein synthesis in skeletal muscles.[9]

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Notes and References

  1. de Loof A . Ecdysteroids: the overlooked sex steroids of insects? Males: the black box . Insect Science . 2006 . 13 . 5 . 325–338 . 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2006.00101.x . 2006InsSc..13..325D . 221810929 .
  2. Krishnakumaran A, Schneiderman HA . Control of molting in mandibulate and chelicerate arthropods by ecdysones . The Biological Bulletin . 139 . 3 . 520–538 . December 1970 . 5494238 . 10.2307/1540371 . 1540371 .
  3. Margam VM, Gelman DB, Palli SR . Ecdysteroid titers and developmental expression of ecdysteroid-regulated genes during metamorphosis of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) . Journal of Insect Physiology . 52 . 6 . 558–568 . June 2006 . 16580015 . 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2006.02.003 . 2006JInsP..52..558M .
  4. Web site: Ecdysteroids Information. Examine.com. 27 May 2015.
  5. Mykles DL . Ecdysteroid metabolism in crustaceans . The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology . 127 . 3–5 . 196–203 . November 2011 . 20837145 . 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.09.001 . 23942645 .
  6. Dinan L . Phytoecdysteroids: biological aspects . Phytochemistry . 57 . 3 . 325–339 . June 2001 . 11393511 . 10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00078-4 . 2001PChem..57..325D .
  7. Dinan L, Savchenko T, Whiting P . On the distribution of phytoecdysteroids in plants . Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences . 58 . 8 . 1121–1132 . July 2001 . 11529504 . 10.1007/PL00000926 . 8496934 .
  8. Parr MK, Botrè F, Naß A, Hengevoss J, Diel P, Wolber G . Ecdysteroids: A novel class of anabolic agents? . Biology of Sport . 32 . 2 . 169–173 . June 2015 . 26060342 . 4447764 . 10.5604/20831862.1144420 . 31 January 2024 .
  9. Gorelick-Feldman J, Cohick W, Raskin I . Ecdysteroids elicit a rapid Ca2+ flux leading to Akt activation and increased protein synthesis in skeletal muscle cells . Steroids . 75 . 10 . 632–637 . October 2010 . 20363237 . 3815456 . 10.1016/j.steroids.2010.03.008 .

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