Early Assamese Explained

Early Assamese
Era:14th-16th centuries
Region:Assam
Familycolor:Indo-European
Fam2:Indo-Iranian
Fam3:Indo-Aryan
Fam4:Eastern
Fam5:Bengali-Assamese
Ancestor:Kāmarūpī Apabhraṃśa
Dia1:Brajawali
Script:Eastern Nagari
Isoexception:historical
Glotto:none

Early Assamese or Proto-Eastern Kamarupa is an ancestor of the modern Assamese language. It is found in the literature from the 14th century to the end of 16th century[1] in Kamata kingdom and rest the Brahmaputra valley of Assam.

Literature

Early Assamese literature period can be split into: a) The Pre-Vaishnavite period and b) The Vaishnavite sub periods. The Pre-Vaishnavite period covers the period before the advent of Sankardeva and the Vaishnavite period initiated by his literary activities. The earliest Assamese writer, viz. Hema Saraswati and Harivara Vipra who composed Prahlada Charitra and Babruvahana parva respectively wrote under the patronage of King Durlabhanarayana of Kamatapura who ruled towards the end of the 13th or the earlier part of the 14th century. The next two important poets of the same period are Rudra Kandali and Kaviratna Saraswati who composed Drona parva and Jayadratha vadha. But the towering poet of this period is Madhava Kandali who is respectfully referred to by Sankardeva (b. 1449) as his predecessor. Madhava Kandali flourished towards the end of the 14th century and translated the entire Ramayana under the patronage of Mahamanikya, the then Kachari (Varāha) king of Central Assam.

Writing system

Early Assamese was written in the Eastern Nagari script.

Morphology and Grammar

Pronouns

PersonSingular nominativeSingular oblique Plural nominativePlural oblique
1stmai, maĩ, āmimo-, moho-āmi, āmarāāmā-, āmhā-, āmāsā-
2nd informaltai, taĩto-, toho-torātorā-
2nd familiartumitomā-, tomhātomarātomāsā-
3rd inf., prox., m.i, itoihā-, ā-ārāārā-, esambā-
3rd inf. dist. f.eiei-ārāārā-, esambā-
3rd hon., prox.ehe, ehoehante, ehantoesambā-
3rd inf., dist., m.si, sitotā-, tāhā-tārātārā-, tāsambā-
3rd inf. dist. f.tāitāi-
3rd hon. dist.tehõ, tehẽ, tehãtehante, tehento, tesambetāsambā-

References

Notes and References

  1. "The history of Assamese language, as preserved in literature, may be conveniently divided into three periods:- (1) Early Assamese: from the fourteenth to the end of the sixteenth century."