KDELR2 explained

ER lumen protein retaining receptor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KDELR2 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Retention of resident soluble proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is achieved in both yeast and animal cells by their continual retrieval from the cis-Golgi, or a pre-Golgi compartment. Sorting of these proteins is dependent on a C-terminal tetrapeptide signal, lys-asp-glu-leu (KDEL) in animal cells and his-asp-glu-leu (HDEL) in S. cerevisiae. This process is mediated by a receptor that recognizes, and binds the tetrapeptide-containing protein, and returns it to the ER. In yeast, the sorting receptor encoded by a single gene, ERD2, is a seven-transmembrane protein. Unlike yeast, several human homologs of the ERD2 gene, constituting the KDEL receptor gene family, have been described. KDELR2 was the second member of the family to be identified, and it encodes a protein which is 83% identical to the KDELR1 gene product.

Implications in Disease

Pathogenic variants in KDELR2 have been linked to Osteogenesis imperfecta.^[4]

See also

• KDELR1
• KDELR3

Further reading

• Pelham HR . The dynamic organisation of the secretory pathway . Cell Struct. Funct. . 21 . 5 . 413–9 . 1997 . 9118249 . 10.1247/csf.21.413 . free .
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, etal . Large-scale mapping of human protein–protein interactions by mass spectrometry . Mol. Syst. Biol. . 3 . 1. 89 . 2007 . 17353931 . 10.1038/msb4100134 . 1847948 .
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, etal . Diversification of transcriptional modulation: Large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes . Genome Res. . 16 . 1 . 55–65 . 2006 . 16344560 . 10.1101/gr.4039406 . 1356129 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, etal . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . free .
• Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, etal . The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7 . Nature . 424 . 6945 . 157–64 . 2003 . 12853948 . 10.1038/nature01782 . 2003Natur.424..157H . free .
• Scherer SW, Cheung J, MacDonald JR, etal . Human Chromosome 7: DNA Sequence and Biology . Science . 300 . 5620 . 767–72 . 2003 . 12690205 . 10.1126/science.1083423 . 2882961 . 2003Sci...300..767S .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• van der Vlies D, Pap EH, Post JA, etal . Endoplasmic reticulum resident proteins of normal human dermal fibroblasts are the major targets for oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide . Biochem. J. . 366 . Pt 3 . 825–30 . 2002 . 12071860 . 10.1042/BJ20020618 . 1222834 .
• Xu XR, Huang J, Xu ZG, etal . Insight into hepatocellular carcinogenesis at transcriptome level by comparing gene expression profiles of hepatocellular carcinoma with those of corresponding noncancerous liver . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 98 . 26 . 15089–94 . 2002 . 11752456 . 10.1073/pnas.241522398 . 64988 . 2001PNAS...9815089X . free .

Notes and References

1. Hsu VW, Shah N, Klausner RD . A brefeldin A-like phenotype is induced by the overexpression of a human ERD-2-like protein, ELP-1 . Cell . 69 . 4 . 625–35 . Jun 1992 . 1316805 . 7133352 . 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90226-3 .
2. Lewis MJ, Pelham HR . Sequence of a second human KDEL receptor . J Mol Biol . 226 . 4 . 913–6 . Oct 1992 . 1325562 . 10.1016/0022-2836(92)91039-R .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: KDELR2 KDEL (Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu) endoplasmic reticulum protein retention receptor 2.
4. Efthymiou . S . Herman . I . Rahman . F . Anwar . N . Maroofian . R . Yip . J . Mitani . T . Calame . DG . Hunter . JV . Sutton . VR . Yilmaz Gulec . E . Duan . R . Fatih . JM . Marafi . D . Pehlivan . D . Jhangiani . SN . Gibbs . RA . Posey . JE . SYNAPS Study . Group . Maqbool . S . Lupski . JR . Houlden . H . Two novel bi-allelic KDELR2 missense variants cause osteogenesis imperfecta with neurodevelopmental features. . American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A . July 2021 . 185 . 7 . 2241–2249 . 10.1002/ajmg.a.62221 . 33964184. 8436746 .