EME1 explained

Crossover junction endonuclease EME1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the EME1 gene.^{[1] [2]} It forms a complex with MUS81 which resolves Holliday junctions. In mammalian cells the EME1/MUS81 protein complex is redundant for DNA damage repair with GEN1 endonuclease.^[3] In mice, EME1/MUS81 and GEN1 redundantly contribute to Holliday junction processing. When homozygous mutations of Gen1 and Eme1 were combined in mice the result was synthetic lethality at an early embryonic stage.^[3] Homozygosity for Gen1 mutations did not cause a DNA repair deficiency in mice. But when mice were both homozygous mutant for Gen1 and also heterozyous for an Emc1 mutation, they showed increased sensitivity to DNA damaging agents. This finding, indicated a redundant role of GEN1 and EME1 in DNA repair. Gen1 and Emc1 were also shown to have redundant roles in meiotic recombination.^[3]

Further reading

• Oğrünç M, Sancar A . Identification and characterization of human MUS81-MMS4 structure-specific endonuclease . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 . 24 . 21715–21720 . June 2003 . 12686547 . 10.1074/jbc.M302484200 . free .
• Abraham J, Lemmers B, Hande MP, Moynahan ME, Chahwan C, Ciccia A, Essers J, Hanada K, Chahwan R, Khaw AK, McPherson P, Shehabeldin A, Laister R, Arrowsmith C, Kanaar R, West SC, Jasin M, Hakem R . 6 . Eme1 is involved in DNA damage processing and maintenance of genomic stability in mammalian cells . The EMBO Journal . 22 . 22 . 6137–6147 . November 2003 . 14609959 . 275438 . 10.1093/emboj/cdg580 . vanc .
• Blais V, Gao H, Elwell CA, Boddy MN, Gaillard PH, Russell P, McGowan CH . RNA interference inhibition of Mus81 reduces mitotic recombination in human cells . Molecular Biology of the Cell . 15 . 2 . 552–562 . February 2004 . 14617801 . 329235 . 10.1091/mbc.E03-08-0580 . vanc .
• Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villén J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP . 6 . Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 101 . 33 . 12130–12135 . August 2004 . 15302935 . 514446 . 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 . vanc . free . 2004PNAS..10112130B .
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M . 6 . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–1178 . October 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . vanc . 4427026 . 2005Natur.437.1173R .
• Hiyama T, Katsura M, Yoshihara T, Ishida M, Kinomura A, Tonda T, Asahara T, Miyagawa K . 6 . Haploinsufficiency of the Mus81-Eme1 endonuclease activates the intra-S-phase and G2/M checkpoints and promotes rereplication in human cells . Nucleic Acids Research . 34 . 3 . 880–892 . 2006 . 16456034 . 1360746 . 10.1093/nar/gkj495 . vanc .
• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M . Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks . Cell . 127 . 3 . 635–648 . November 2006 . 17081983 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026 . vanc . 7827573 . free .

Notes and References

1. Ciccia A, Constantinou A, West SC . Identification and characterization of the human mus81-eme1 endonuclease . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 . 27 . 25172–25178 . July 2003 . 12721304 . 10.1074/jbc.M302882200 . free .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: EME1 essential meiotic endonuclease 1 homolog 1 (S. pombe).
3. Wang X, Wang H, Guo B, Zhang Y, Gong Y, Zhang C, Xu H, Wu X . 6 . Gen1 and Eme1 Play Redundant Roles in DNA Repair and Meiotic Recombination in Mice . DNA and Cell Biology . 35 . 10 . 585–590 . October 2016 . 27383418 . 6445196 . 10.1089/dna.2015.3022 .