Embraer Phenom 100 Explained

The Embraer EMB-500 Phenom 100 is a very light (VLJ) business jet designed and produced by the Brazilian aircraft manufacturer Embraer.Announced in November 2005, it made its first flight on 26 July 2007 and was awarded a type certificate in December 2008; the first aircraft was delivered the same month. The Phenom 100 has been stretched into the larger Embraer Phenom 300.Powered by two rear-mounted Pratt & Whitney Canada PW600 turbofans, it can transport four to seven passengers, with a range of 1178nmi with four occupants.As of April 2023, 401 had been delivered.

Development

During April 2005, Embraer's board of directors approved the development of very light and light jets. Within ten years, it was hoped that the company could become a major provider for the global business jet market.[1] On 9 November of that year, the company announced at the annual NBAA convention the name of its very light jet, the Phenom 100, and displayed a full-scale mock-up of the aircraft.[2] The company stated that it was actively exploring opportunities for the Phenom 100 to be used as an air taxi.[3] Embraer also opted to increase personnel on its business jet division.[4] That same month, Embraer announced that it had selected Garmin Aviation's G1000 electronic flight instrument system (EFIS) to be installed in the cockpit of its new jet.[5]

In March 2006, Embraer announced it had completed the aircraft's digital definition phase of development.[6] [7] That same month, the company augmented its sales efforts with several full-sized mockups of the Phenom 100.[8] That April, expanded plans for the aircraft's production were revealed along with a 3.5% increase in the unit price.[9] [10] The company reportedly aimed to secure 30% of the global market for very light jets.[11] In May 2006, it was announced at the EBACE conference that 50 orders for the Phenom 100 had been secured.[12] [13] Two months later, Embraer released more details on the pending initial operators for the aircraft.[14] In August 2006, the first order from a customer in Latin America was received.[15]

During October 2006, the American engine manufacturer Pratt & Whitney had commenced testing of the PW617-F turbofan engines intended for the Phenom 100.[16] In March 2007, development of the aircraft was reportedly proceeding to schedule,[17] Embraer took delivery of the first PW617-F engines that same month.[18] The following April, the mating between the wing and fuselage of the first aircraft occurred as its assembly neared completion.[19] [20] In June 2007, the prototype was officially rolled out and ground testing of the aircraft commenced shortly thereafter.[21] [22]

On 26 July 2007, the prototype Phenom 100 performed its maiden flight from the company's facility in São José dos Campos, Brazil.[23] [24] Two weeks later, it was transferred to Gaviao Peixoto, where the majority of the flight test programme was conducted.[25] In March 2008, it was announced that serial production of the aircraft would commence in the following month.[26] During flight testing, issues with the aircraft's ice protection system and flaps were uncovered.[27] During December 2008, the Phenom 100 was awarded its type certificate by both Brazil's National Civil Aviation Authority and the United States' Federal Aviation Administration.[28] [29] The aircraft is certified as the EMB-500.[30] The first Phenom 100 delivery took place on 24 December 2008.[31]

Design

The Embraer Phenom 100 is a low wing cantilever monoplane with a T-tail and a retractable tricycle landing gear. It has an oval fuselage with a 7.985 m3 (282 ft3) passenger cabin, a 1.47 m-high by 0.74 m-wide (4.5'x2.1') door and 1.2'x1' windows.[32] Its unpressurized cargo hold is 1.56 m3 (54.9ft3).[33] Its structural life is 28,000 flight cycles or 35,000 hours, and it is built of 20% composite materials.[33] [34] Although the Phenom 100 has capacity for four passengers in its normal configuration, it can carry up to seven passengers with a single crew, with an optional side-facing seat and belted toilet.[35] The cabin interior is designed by BMW DesignworksUSA.[36]

The aircraft is powered by a pair of rear-mounted Pratt & Whitney Canada PW617-F turbofan engines, each rated to generate a takeoff thrust of 7.2 kN (1,695 lb) at ISA+10 °C. These engines have dual full authority digital engine controls (FADEC). In the event of a single engine failure during takeoff, an automatic performance reserve (APR) function augments engine output to 1,777 lb.[37] [38] Later model PW 617 F–E models have a ten-minute thrust rating at 1,820 lb.[39] To reduce operator costs, condition-based maintenance practices have been explored in addition to traditional scheduled routines.[40] The Phenom 100 has a maximum flying range of with four occupants and NBAA IFR Reserves.[41]

Variants

Embraer designation.[42]
  • Phenom 100
  • Initial production variant, marketing name for the EMB-500 with G1000 Avionics and two PW617F-E engines.
    Phenom 100E
  • Updated variant including multifunction spoilers.[43] Marketing name for the EMB-500 with G1000 avionics and PW617F-E engines and spoiler panels.
    Phenom 100EV Evolution
  • Weight savings and thrust increase from 1,695lb to 1,730lb shortening time to climb to 41,000ft from 33min to 25min and reducing takeoff distance at high-altitude and high-temperature airports from 6,609ft to 5,663ft, Garmin G3000 touch-screen flightdeck at a $4.495 million list price.[44] It was first delivered on 31 March 2017.[45] Marketing name for the EMB-500 with G3000 avionics and PW617F1-E engines.
    Phenom 100EX
  • Updated in 2023 with cabin and avionics improvements including runway overrun awareness and alerting system (ROAAS).[46]
    U-100
  • Brazilian military designation for two Phenom 100EVs.
    Phenom T1
  • United Kingdom military designation for Phenom 100s operated by the Royal Air Force.[47]

    Operators

    The Phenom 100 has been operated by a variety of different users, including private individuals, companies, fractionals, charter operators, aircraft management companies, and military operators.

    Its 2009 price was US$3.6 million,[39] and US$4.995 million in 2023.[48] A Phenom 100 may cost around /mile to operate.[49]

    Civilian

    Military

    State

    The Texas Department of Transportation operates a fleet of four.[54]

    Aircraft deliveries

    Embraer was originally planning to deliver 15 Phenom 100s during 2008 and 120–150 aircraft in 2009, however, the company would actually deliver only two aircraft in 2008 and had to reduce its 2009 plan to 97 aircraft. By late 2014, Embraer reportedly had roughly 30 orders outstanding for the aircraft.[55]

    In mid-2008, it was announced that a new Phenom assembly line would be established in Melbourne, Florida to serve the North American market.[56] It was subsequently announced that all final assembly work would be transferred to the Florida facility from July 2016; it is reportedly capable of assembling up to 96 Phenoms and 72 Embraer Legacy 450/Embraer Legacy 500 annually.[57] More than 170 Phenom jets have been produced at the site until June 2016, mainly for the US market.[58] The company had two production lines for the Phenom 100EV, the other in Brazil. By November 2016, Brazilian production was on trace to be entirely replaced by the Melbourne line.[59]

    Year2008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023Total
    Number of deliveries[60] 29710041293019121018111166711410

    Incidents and accidents

    The Phenom 100 was involved in nine hull losses, including a single fatal accident.[61]

    On 8 December 2014, a Phenom 100 with tail number N100EQ crashed into a suburban home in Gaithersburg, Maryland, while on approach to runway at Montgomery County Airpark. Six people were killed; all three on board the plane, and three more in the home on the ground. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigation have concluded that the probable cause of the accident was a pilot's misconduct related to not turning the deice system and inappropriate landing performance speeds for the weather conditions and airplane weight. They recommended the development of a system that canautomatically alert pilots when the ice protection should be activated on turbofan airplanes that are certified for single-pilot operation.[62]

    External links

    Notes and References

    1. Web site: Building a Legacy: Embraer Phenom 100 . . 25 April 2006.
    2. Web site: Phenom-enal! . Flightglobal . 9 November 2005.
    3. Web site: Embraer explores taxi role for Phenoms . Flightglobal . 29 November 2005.
    4. Web site: Embraer boosts business jet team as Legacy and Phenom sales rise . Flightglobal . 20 December 2005.
    5. Web site: Embraer selects G1000 displays for Phenom . Flightglobal . 15 November 2005.
    6. Web site: Embraer completes digital definition of Phenom 100 . Flightglobal . 28 March 2006.
    7. Web site: Asian Aerospace 2006: Phenom timetable set . Flightglobal . 28 February 2006.
    8. Web site: Embraer takes Phenom mock-ups on world tour . Flightglobal . 7 March 2006.
    9. Web site: Embraer to raise price of Phenom 100 VLJ by 3.5%, hopes to stimulate launch sales . Flightglobal . 10 April 2006 .
    10. Web site: Embraer plans to increase VLJ production rate . Flightglobal . 11 April 2006.
    11. Web site: Phenomenal! - Embraer shoots for 30% of VLJ market with Phenom 100 . Flightglobal . 2 May 2006.
    12. Web site: EBACE opens with $250m sales bonaza topped by 50 Embraer Phenom 100 VLJ orders . Flightglobal . 3 May 2006.
    13. Web site: Swiss starter gets Phenoms rolling with 50-aircraft order . Flightglobal . 9 May 2006.
    14. Web site: Farnborough: Embraer takes wraps off Phenom orderbook . Flightglobal . 25 July 2006.
    15. Web site: Embraer secures first Latin America customer for Phenom . Flightglobal . 29 August 2006.
    16. Web site: NBAA 2006: P&WC starts testing of Phenom 100 powerplant . Flightglobal . 17 October 2006.
    17. Web site: Phenom 100 development on track . Flightglobal . 6 March 2007.
    18. Web site: P&WC deliver first engines for Phenom 100 . Flightglobal . Guy . Norris . 21 March 2007.
    19. Web site: Embraer prepares to mate VLJ wing and body . Flightglobal . John . Croft . 3 April 2007.
    20. Web site: Embraer may hike Phenom price again . Flightglobal . John . Croft . 24 April 2007.
    21. Web site: Pictures: Embraer rolls out first Phenom . Flightglobal . 20 June 2007.
    22. Web site: Embraer prepares for mid-summer Phenom first flight . Flightglobal . John . Croft . 21 June 2007.
    23. First Phenom 100 Executive Jet Performs Maiden Flight . São José dos Campos . . 26 July 2007 .
    24. Web site: Pictures: Phenom 100 makes maiden flight in Brazil . Flightglobal . Stephen . Trimble . 27 July 2007.
    25. Web site: Phenom 100 flight testing begins in earnest . Flightglobal . John . Croft . 10 August 2007.
    26. Web site: Embraer to start series production of Phenom 100 . Flightglobal . Kate . Sarsfield . 7 March 2008 .
    27. Web site: Ice, flap software dogged Phenom 100 certification . Flightglobal . John . Croft . 26 November 2008.
    28. News: John . Croft . Brazil approves Phenom 100 very light jet . Flightglobal . 16 December 2008 . Washington DC . 28 June 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160816141003/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/brazil-approves-phenom-100-very-light-jet-319976/ . 16 August 2016 . live .
    29. Web site: Embraer earns FAA certification for Phenom 100 . Flightglobal . John . Croft . 13 December 2008 .
    30. Web site: Type Certificate Data Sheet No. A59CE . . 1 April 2015 . 27 July 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161115020835/http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/6e57798aa3e70f0e86257e190072ba08/$FILE/A59CE_Rev_6.pdf . 15 November 2016 . live.
    31. Web site: Embraer announces completing first Phenom 100 delivery . Flightglobal . Stephen . Trimble . 31 December 2008.
    32. News: Fred . George . Pilot Report: Embraer Phenom 100E . . 13 March 2015 . 21 March 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150318214730/http://aviationweek.com/bca/pilot-report-embraer-phenom-100e . 18 March 2015 . live .
    33. News: Mike . Gerzanics . Flight Test: Phenom 100 - building on a Legacy . . 9 February 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160816115845/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/flight-test-phenom-100-building-on-a-legacy-322207/ . 16 August 2016 . live .
    34. News: John . Croft . Embraer Phenom 300: bolder big brother . . 12 May 2008 . London . https://web.archive.org/web/20160816155518/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/embraer-phenom-300-bolder-big-brother-223614/ . 16 August 2016 . live .
    35. News: Business Jets Specification and Performance Data . Aviation Week . Business & Commercial Aviation . May 2015 . 12 August 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160909224622/http://aviationweek.com/site-files/aviationweek.com/files/uploads/2015/05/Business%20Airplane%20Tables_May_2015_revised.pdf . 9 September 2016 . live .
    36. News: Gerzanics . Mike . Flight Test: Embraer Phenom 300 . . 27 April 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160816122728/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/flight-test-embraer-phenom-300-341010/ . 16 August 2016 . live .
    37. Web site: Engines power up for VLJ market . Flightglobal . 15 November 2005.
    38. Web site: Embraer Phenom 100 Pilot Report . Business & Commercial Aviation . October 2008 . Aviation Week . 2 November 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160404075005/http://d16bsf97ryvc45.cloudfront.net/Media/2013/01/phenom_100.pdf . 4 April 2016 . live .
    39. Turbine Pilot: Thrill from Brazil . AOPA Pilot . 1 June 2009 . 2 November 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161104010749/https://www.aopa.org/news-and-media/all-news/2009/june/01/turbine-pilot-thrill-from-brazil . 4 November 2016 . live .
    40. Web site: Enabling on-condition maintenance for the Phenom 100 . FlightGlobal . John . Croft . 21 September 2007.
    41. News: Embraer Earns Phenom 100 Certification . Flying Magazine . 9 March 2009 . 2 November 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160111191953/http://www.flyingmag.com/pilot-reports/jets/embraer-earns-phenom-100-certification . 11 January 2016 . live .
    42. Web site: FAA Type Certificate Data Sheet A59CE EMB-500 . 12 May 2017 . Federal Aviation Administration . 29 October 2019 . 27 February 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200227003420/https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/65c3c1c7f26920f786258121006f1346/$FILE/A59CE_Rev_8.pdf . dead .
    43. News: Phenom update . AOPA Pilot . 5 November 2014 . T-15 . Thomas A . Horne . 2 November 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161104010921/https://www.aopa.org/news-and-media/all-news/2014/november/pilot/t_phenom . 4 November 2016 . live .
    44. News: Embraer unveils improved Phenom 100 Evolution . 27 July 2016 . Flight Global . 27 July 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160728160917/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/oshkosh-embraer-unveils-improved-phenom-100-evoluti-427913/ . 28 July 2016 . live .
    45. Embraer delivers the first Phenom 100 EV, the evolution of one of the industry's best-selling entry-level business jets . Embraer . 3 April 2017 . 4 April 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170405075032/http://www.embraerexecutivejets.com/en-us/press-events/press-releases/pages/embraer-delivers-the-first-phenom-100-ev,-the-evolution-of-one-of-the-industry%E2%80%99s-best-selling-entry-level-business-jets.aspx . 5 April 2017 . live .
    46. https://www.flightglobal.com/business-aviation/embraer-reveals-new-phenom-100ex-light-jet-variant-with-cockpit-and-cabin-updates/155296.article Embraer reveals new Phenom 100EX light-jet variant with cockpit and cabin updates
    47. Web site: Phenom T1 . . 5 June 2022.
    48. News: Purchase planning handbook - Jets table . Second Quarter 2023 . Business & Commercial Aircraft.
    49. Web site: Mission Costs for Turboprops Greater Than 12,500 lb., Jets Less Than 20,000 lb. . 4 September 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930222319/http://aviationweek.com/bca/mission-costs-turboprops-greater-12500-lb-jets-less-20000-lb#slide-0-field_images-1345111 . 30 September 2015 . live .
    50. Web site: Dron . Alan . 11 July 2023 . Emirates To Launch Charter Operation With Embraer Phenoms . 9 June 2024 . Aviation Week Network.
    51. News: Brazilian air force receives first Phenom 100EVs . Dominic . Perry . 28 October 2019.
    52. News: This Week briefings . . Embraer Makes First Foray into Pakistan . 30 March 2009 . 28 June 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160816152801/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/this-week-briefings-324419/ . 16 August 2016 . live .
    53. Web site: UK Signs Major Deal for Military Aircraft, Training . 2 February 2016 . Defense News.
    54. Web site: State Passenger Aircraft Fleet Replacement Plan . August 2020 . txdot.gov.
    55. News: Fred . George . Pilot Report: Flying Embraer's Phenom 100E . . 20 October 2014 . 21 March 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150321225452/http://aviationweek.com/nbaa2014/pilot-report-flying-embraer-s-phenom-100e . 21 March 2015 . live .
    56. Web site: EBACE 2008: Embraer to open final assembly line for Phenoms in Florida from 2010 . FlightGlobal . John . Croft . 19 May 2008.
    57. News: Chad . Trautvetter . Embraer Starts Legacy 450/500 Production in U.S. . Aviation International News . 2 June 2016 . 3 June 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160611125659/https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/business-aviation/2016-06-02/embraer-starts-legacy-450500-production-us . 11 June 2016 . live .
    58. News: Kate . Sarsfield . Embraer opens Legacy final assembly facility in Melbourne . . 8 June 2016 . London . 8 June 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160609143753/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/embraer-opens-legacy-final-assembly-facility-in-melb-426151/ . 9 June 2016 . live .
    59. News: Pilot Report: Embraer Phenom 100 EV Third-Generation Light Jet . 1 November 2016 . Fred . George . Aviation Week.
    60. 2019 Annual Report . GAMA . 20 March 2020 . 23 March 2021 .
    61. Web site: Embraer Phenom 100 Statistics . Aviation Safety Network.
    62. Web site: 7 June 2016 . Aerodynamic Stall and Loss of Control During Approach, Embraer EMB-500, N100EQ, Gaithersburg, Maryland, December 8, 2014 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20161104003127/https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR1601.pdf . 4 November 2016 . 2 November 2016 . National Transportation Safety Board . NTSB/AAR-16/01.

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