EFL League One explained

Pixels:160px
Country:England
Other Club(S) From:Wales
Founded:
Teams:24
Promotion:EFL Championship
Relegation:EFL League Two
Levels:3
Champions:Portsmouth
1st League One title
4th 3rd tier title
Most Champs:Plymouth Argyle (5 titles total)
Wigan Athletic (3 League One titles)
Season:2023–24
Tv:List of broadcasters
Current:2024–25 EFL League One

The English Football League One, known as Sky Bet League One for sponsorship purposes or simply League One in England, is the second-highest division of the English Football League and the third-tier overall in the English football league system.

Introduced in the 2004–05 English football season as Football League One, it is a rebrand of the former Football League Second Division, which itself is a rebrand of the now-defunct Football League Third Division before the 1992 launch of the Premier League.

Shrewsbury Town currently hold the longest tenure in the division following promotion from League Two at the end of the 2014–15 season. There are eight former Premier League clubs currently competing in this division; Barnsley (1997–98), Birmingham City (2002–06, 2007–08 and 2009–11), Blackpool (2010–11), Bolton Wanderers (1995–96, 1997–98, and 2001–12), Charlton Athletic (1998–99 and 2000–07), Huddersfield Town (2017–19), Reading (2006–08 and 2012–13), and Wigan Athletic (2005–13).[1]

Structure

There are 24 clubs in this division. Each club plays each of the others twice. Three points are awarded for a win, one for a draw, and none for a loss. At the end of the season a table of the final League standings is determined, based on the following criteria in this order: points obtained, goal difference, goals scored, an aggregate of the results between two or more clubs (ranked using the previous three criteria), most matches won, most goals scored away from home, fewest "penalty points" based on yellow and red cards received, followed by fewest straight red cards for certain offenses. If two or more teams are still tied after examining all of these criteria, they will share the higher place between them. The only exception would be if the tied teams span the boundary between 2nd and 3rd, 6th and 7th, or 20th and 21st place, in which case one or more play-off matches would be arranged between the tied clubs.

At the end of each season the top two clubs, together with the winner of the play-offs between the clubs which finished in the third to sixth positions, are promoted to EFL Championship and are replaced by the three clubs that finished at the bottom of that division.

Similarly, the four clubs that finished at the bottom of EFL League One are relegated to EFL League Two and are replaced by the top three clubs and the club that won the fourth to seventh place play-offs in that division.

Current members

Note: Table lists in alphabetical order.

TeamLocationStadiumCapacity
23,287
Birmingham CityBirminghamSt Andrew's29,409
BlackpoolBlackpoolBloomfield Road16,616
Bolton WanderersHorwichToughsheet Community Stadium28,723
Bristol RoversBristolMemorial Stadium9,832
Burton AlbionBurton upon TrentPirelli Stadium6,912
Cambridge UnitedCambridgeAbbey Stadium8,127
Charlton AthleticThe Valley27,111
Crawley TownCrawley5,996
Exeter CityExeterSt. James Park8,720
24,121
Leyton OrientBrisbane Road9,271
Lincoln CityLincolnSincil Bank10,669
Mansfield Town9,186
Northampton TownNorthamptonSixfields Stadium7,798
Peterborough UnitedPeterboroughLondon Road Stadium13,511
ReadingReadingMadejski Stadium24,161
Rotherham UnitedRotherhamNew York Stadium12,021
Shrewsbury TownShrewsburyNew Meadow9,875
StevenageStevenageBroadhall Way7,800
Edgeley Park10,852
Wigan AthleticWiganBrick Community Stadium25,138
WrexhamWrexhamRacecourse Ground12,600
Wycombe WanderersHigh WycombeAdams Park10,137

Play-off results

See main article: EFL League One play-offs.

SeasonSemi-final (1st Leg)Semi-final (2nd Leg)Final
2004–05Sheffield Wednesday 1–0 Brentford
Hartlepool United 2–0 Tranmere Rovers
Brentford 1–2 Sheffield Wednesday
Tranmere Rovers 2–0 Hartlepool United
2005–06Barnsley 0–1 Huddersfield Town
Swansea City 1–1 Brentford
Huddersfield Town 1–3 Barnsley
Brentford 0–2 Swansea City
Barnsley 2–2 Swansea City
2006–07Yeovil Town 0–2 Nottingham Forest
Oldham Athletic 1–2 Blackpool
Nottingham Forest 2–5 Yeovil Town
Blackpool 3–1 Oldham Athletic
Blackpool 2–0 Yeovil Town
2007–08Southend United 0–0 Doncaster Rovers
Leeds United 1–2 Carlisle United
Doncaster Rovers 5–1 Southend United
Carlisle United 0–2 Leeds United
Leeds United 0–1 Doncaster Rovers
2008–09Scunthorpe United 1–1 Milton Keynes Dons
Millwall 1–0 Leeds United
Milton Keynes Dons 0–0 Scunthorpe United

Leeds United 1–1 Millwall
Scunthorpe United 3–2 Millwall
2009–10Swindon Town 2–1 Charlton Athletic
Huddersfield Town 0–0 Millwall
Charlton Athletic 2–1 Swindon Town

Millwall 2–0 Huddersfield Town
Millwall 1–0 Swindon Town
2010–11AFC Bournemouth 1–1 Huddersfield Town
Milton Keynes Dons 3–2 Peterborough United
Huddersfield Town 3–3 AFC Bournemouth

Peterborough United 2–0 Milton Keynes Dons
Huddersfield Town 0–3 Peterborough United
2011–12Stevenage 0–0 Sheffield United
Milton Keynes Dons 0–2 Huddersfield Town
Sheffield United 1–0 Stevenage
Huddersfield Town 1–2 Milton Keynes Dons
Huddersfield Town 0–0 Sheffield United
2012–13Sheffield United 1–0 Yeovil Town
Swindon Town 1–1 Brentford
Yeovil Town 2–0 Sheffield United
Brentford 3–3 Swindon Town
Brentford 1–2 Yeovil Town
2013–14Peterborough United 1–1 Leyton Orient
Preston North End 1–1 Rotherham United
Leyton Orient 2–1 Peterborough United
Rotherham United 3–1 Preston North End
Leyton Orient 2–2 Rotherham United
2014–15Chesterfield 0–1 Preston North End
Sheffield United 1–2 Swindon Town
Preston North End 3–0 Chesterfield
Swindon Town 5–5 Sheffield United
Preston North End 4–0 Swindon Town
2015–16Barnsley 3–0 Walsall
Bradford City 1–3 Millwall
Walsall 1–3 Barnsley
Millwall 1–1 Bradford City
Barnsley 3–1 Millwall
2016–17Millwall 0–0 Scunthorpe United
Bradford City 1–0 Fleetwood Town
Scunthorpe United 2–3 Millwall
Fleetwood Town 0–0 Bradford City
Bradford City 0–1 Millwall
2017–18Charlton Athletic 0–1 Shrewsbury Town
Scunthorpe United 2–2 Rotherham United
Shrewsbury Town 1–0 Charlton Athletic
Rotherham United 2–0 Scunthorpe United
2018–19Doncaster Rovers 1–2 Charlton Athletic
Sunderland 1–0 Portsmouth
Charlton Athletic 2–3 Doncaster Rovers

Portsmouth 0–0 Sunderland
Charlton Athletic 2–1 Sunderland
2019–20Portsmouth 1–1 Oxford United
Fleetwood Town 1–4 Wycombe Wanderers
Oxford United 1–1 Portsmouth

Wycombe Wanderers 2–2 Fleetwood Town
Oxford United 1–2 Wycombe Wanderers
2020–21Oxford United 0–3 Blackpool
Lincoln City 2–0 Sunderland
Blackpool 3–3 Oxford United
Sunderland 2–1 Lincoln City
Blackpool 2–1 Lincoln City
2021–22Wycombe Wanderers 2–0 Milton Keynes Dons
Sunderland 1–0 Sheffield Wednesday
Milton Keynes Dons 1–0 Wycombe Wanderers
Sheffield Wednesday 1–1 Sunderland
Sunderland 2–0 Wycombe Wanderers
2022–23Peterborough United 4–0 Sheffield Wednesday
Bolton Wanderers 1–1 Barnsley
Sheffield Wednesday 5–1 Peterborough United

Barnsley 1–0 Bolton Wanderers
2023–24Barnsley 1–3 Bolton Wanderers
Oxford United 1–0 Peterborough United
Bolton Wanderers 2–3 Barnsley
Peterborough United 1–1 Oxford United
Bolton Wanderers 0–2 Oxford United

Relegated teams

SeasonClubs
2004–05Torquay United (51), Wrexham (43), Peterborough United (39), Stockport County (26)
2005–06Hartlepool United (50), Milton Keynes Dons (50), Swindon Town (48), Walsall (47)
2006–07Chesterfield (47), Bradford City (47), Rotherham United (38), Brentford (37)
2007–08AFC Bournemouth (48), Gillingham (46), Port Vale (38), Luton Town (33)
2008–09Northampton Town (49), Crewe Alexandra (46), Cheltenham Town (39), Hereford United (34)
2009–10Gillingham (50), Wycombe Wanderers (45), Southend United (43), Stockport County (25)
2010–11Dagenham & Redbridge (47), Bristol Rovers (45), Plymouth Argyle (42), Swindon Town (41)
2011–12Wycombe Wanderers (43), Chesterfield (42), Exeter City (42), Rochdale (38)
2012–13Scunthorpe United (48), Bury (41), Hartlepool United (41), Portsmouth (32)
2013–14Stevenage (47), Shrewsbury Town (45), Carlisle United (42), Tranmere Rovers (42)
2014–15Notts County (50), Crawley Town (50), Leyton Orient (49), Yeovil Town (40)
2015–16Doncaster Rovers (46), Blackpool (46), Colchester United (40), Crewe Alexandra (34)
2016–17Port Vale (49), Swindon Town (44), Coventry City (39), Chesterfield (37)
2017–18Oldham Athletic (50), Northampton Town (47), Milton Keynes Dons (45), Bury (36)
2018–19Plymouth Argyle (50), Walsall (47), Scunthorpe United (46), Bradford City (41)
2019–20Tranmere Rovers (32), Southend United (19), Bolton Wanderers (14), Bury
2020–21Rochdale (47), Northampton Town (45), Swindon Town (43), Bristol Rovers (38)
2021–22Gillingham (40), Doncaster Rovers (38), AFC Wimbledon (37), Crewe Alexandra (29)
2022–23Milton Keynes Dons (45), Morecambe (44), Accrington Stanley (44), Forest Green Rovers (27)
2023–24Cheltenham Town (44), Fleetwood Town (43), Port Vale (41), Carlisle United (30)
Expelled in August 2019 after financial breaches.

Top scorers

SeasonTop scorer(s)Club(s)Goals
2004–05 Stuart ElliottHull City27
Dean WindassBradford City
2005–06 Freddy EastwoodSouthend United23
Billy SharpScunthorpe United
2006–07 Billy SharpScunthorpe United30
2007–08 Jason ScotlandSwansea City24
2008–09 Simon CoxSwindon Town29
Rickie LambertBristol Rovers
2009–10 Rickie LambertSouthampton30
2010–11 Craig Mackail-SmithPeterborough United27
2011–12 Jordan RhodesHuddersfield Town36
2012–13 Paddy MaddenYeovil Town22
2013–14 Sam BaldockBristol City24
2014–15 Joe GarnerPreston North End26
2015–16 Will GriggWigan Athletic25
2016–17 Billy SharpSheffield United30
2017–18 Jack Marriott27
2018–19 James CollinsLuton Town25
2019–20 Ivan ToneyPeterborough United24
2020–21 Jonson Clarke-HarrisPeterborough United31
2021–22 Will KeaneWigan Athletic26
2022–23 Conor ChaplinIpswich Town26
Jonson Clarke-HarrisPeterborough United
2023-24 Alfie MayCharlton Athletic23
In 35 games. Season truncated because of coronavirus.

Attendances

EFL League One is the most-watched third-tier domestic sports league in the world, with an average of 10,613 spectators per game in the 2022–23 season, also making it one of the top ten most watched leagues in Europe.[2] The closest third-tier association football league in terms of average attendance is the Germany 3. Liga (8,219).[3]

The highest average attendance since the restructure into League One was the 2022–23 season, when over 5.3 million spectators watched games, with an average of 10,613 per game. The highest average attendance by a single club was Sunderland in the 2018–19 season with 32,157. They also set the League One attendance record for a single game in the same season, when 46,039 spectators attended the Boxing Day game against Bradford City.[4]

Season League Average Attendance Highest Average Highest Attendance
Club Attendance Game Attendance
7,732 23,100 [5] 28,798
7,578 20,257 [6] Nottingham Forest v Bournemouth26,847
2006–077,486 Nottingham Forest 20,627 [7] 27,875
2007–087,985 26,546 [8] 38,256
2008–097,551 Leeds United 23,639 [9]
2009–109,136 Leeds United 24,818 [10] 38,234
2010–117,519 22,161 [11] 31,653
2011–127,358 Sheffield Wednesday 21,336 [12] 38,082
2012–136,335 18,612 [13] 23,431
2013–147,476 20,879 [14] Wolverhampton Wanderers v Rotherham United 30,110
2014–157,037 Sheffield United 19,805 [15] Coventry City v Gillingham 27,306
2015–167,163 Sheffield United 19,803 [16] 24,777
2016–177,933 Sheffield United 21,892 [17] Sheffield United v Chesterfield 31,003
2017–187,805 Bradford City 19,787 [18] 27,600
2018–198,741 32,157 [19] Sunderland v Bradford City 46,039
2019–208,802 Sunderland 30,118 [20] 33,821
2020–21No attendances because of COVID-19 pandemic
2021–229,953 Sunderland 30,847 [21] 38,395
2022–2310,613 27,259 33,442
2023–249,711 Derby County27,278 32,538

Historic performance

Since the restructuring into League One in 2004, 76 teams have spent at least one season in the division, including 7 of the 20 teams in the 2023–24 Premier League. Milton Keynes Dons has spent 15 seasons in League One, the most of any team. Oldham Athletic's single 14-season consecutive spell was the longest of any team. The team with the current longest tenure is Fleetwood Town, who have been in League One continuously since the 2014–15 season. Rotherham United and Peterborough United have had the highest number of separate spells in League One with five each. There have been 16 different Champions of League One, with Wigan Athletic having won the division three times.

Key

Club Total Seasons Number of Spells Longest Spell (Seasons) Highest Position Lowest Position Season
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Financial Fair Play

Beginning with the 2012–13 season, a Financial Fair Play arrangement has been in place in all three divisions of the Football League, the intention being eventually to produce a league of financially self-sustaining clubs. In League One, this takes the form of a Salary Cost Management Protocol in which a maximum of 60% of a club's turnover may be spent on players' wages, with sanctions being applied in the form of transfer embargoes.[22] [23] [24] [25]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: France. Sam. 29 April 2020. What year did the Premier League start & which teams have played in it over the years?. Goal.com. 27 August 2020.
  2. Web site: Highest League attendances for 70 years as nearly 22 million attend EFL competitions . 2023-06-10 . www.efl.com . 9 June 2023 . en-gb.
  3. Web site: 3. Liga 2022/2023 - Zuschauer . weltfussball.de . de.
  4. Web site: League One Record 46,039 crowd as Sunderland AFC triumph over Bradford City on Boxing Day . www.sunderlandecho.com . 26 December 2018 . en.
  5. Web site: League One 2004/2005 - Attendance. 2021-10-21. worldfootball.net. en.
  6. Web site: League One 2005/2006 - Attendance . worldfootball.net . 24 February 2023 . en.
  7. Web site: League One 2006/2007 - Attendance . worldfootball.net . 24 February 2023 . en.
  8. Web site: League One 2007/2008 - Attendance. 2021-10-21. worldfootball.net. en.
  9. Web site: League One 2008/2009 - Attendance. 2021-10-21. worldfootball.net. en.
  10. Web site: League One 2009/2010 - Attendance. 2021-10-21. worldfootball.net. en.
  11. Web site: League One 2010/2011 - Attendance. 2021-10-21. worldfootball.net. en.
  12. Web site: League One 2011/2012 - Attendance. 2021-10-21. worldfootball.net. en.
  13. Web site: League One 2012/2013 - Attendance. 2021-10-21. worldfootball.net. en.
  14. Web site: League One 2013/2014 - Attendance. 2021-10-21. worldfootball.net. en.
  15. Web site: League One 2014/2015 - Attendance. 2021-10-21. worldfootball.net. en.
  16. Web site: League One 2015/2016 - Attendance. 2021-10-21. worldfootball.net. en.
  17. Web site: League One 2016/2017 - Attendance. 2021-10-21. worldfootball.net. en.
  18. Web site: League One 2017/2018 - Attendance. 2021-10-21. worldfootball.net. en.
  19. Web site: League One 2018/2019 - Attendance. 2021-10-21. worldfootball.net. en.
  20. Web site: League One 2019/2020 - Attendance . 2021-10-21. worldfootball.net. en.
  21. Web site: Sky Bet League One Average Attendances Home Matches . Football Web Pages .
  22. Web site: Financial Fair Play in The Football League . The Football League . April 25, 2012 . dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20120510171904/http://www.football-league.co.uk/page/FLExplainedDetail/0%2C%2C10794~2748246%2C00.html. 10 May 2012. dmy-all.
  23. Web site: Financial Fair play: Does it apply in League One and League Two?. Vittles. Jack. 2017-12-06. Bristol Live . en. 2020-05-28.
  24. Web site: Financial Fair Play in League One: Separating fact from fiction. McCartney. Aidan. 2015-02-02. CoventryLive . en. 2020-05-28.
  25. Web site: Review into Bury's demise offers painful reminder of the need for FFP Financial fair play . The Guardian . David . Conn . 4 Mar 2020 . 2020-05-28.