EEF1D explained

Elongation factor 1-delta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EEF1D gene.^[1]

Function

This gene encodes a subunit of the elongation factor-1 complex, which is responsible for the enzymatic delivery of aminoacyl tRNAs to the ribosome. This subunit functions as guanine nucleotide exchange factor. It is reported that this subunit interacts with HIV-1 Tat, and thus it represses the translation of host-cell, but not HIV-1, mRNAs. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene, however, the full length nature of only two variants has been determined.^[2]

Interactions

EEF1D has been shown to interact with Glycyl-tRNA synthetase,^[3] EEF1G^{[4] [5]} and KTN1,^[6] and is predicted to interact with TMEM63A.^[7]

Further reading

• Venema RC, Peters HI, Traugh JA . Phosphorylation of elongation factor 1 (EF-1) and valyl-tRNA synthetase by protein kinase C and stimulation of EF-1 activity . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 266 . 19 . 12574–80 . Jul 1991 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)98937-4 . 2061327 . free .
• van Damme HT, Amons R, Karssies R, Timmers CJ, Janssen GM, Möller W . Elongation factor 1 beta of artemia: localization of functional sites and homology to elongation factor 1 delta . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression . 1050 . 1–3 . 241–7 . Aug 1990 . 2207149 . 10.1016/0167-4781(90)90174-z .
• Bec G, Kerjan P, Zha XD, Waller JP . Valyl-tRNA synthetase from rabbit liver. I. Purification as a heterotypic complex in association with elongation factor 1 . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 264 . 35 . 21131–7 . Dec 1989 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)30056-0 . 2556394 . free .
• Wolfson AD, Orlovsky AF, Gladilin KL . Mammalian valyl-tRNA synthetase forms a complex with the first elongation factor . FEBS Letters . 238 . 2 . 262–4 . Oct 1988 . 3169261 . 10.1016/0014-5793(88)80492-7 . 45934458 . free .
• Mulner-Lorillon O, Minella O, Cormier P, Capony JP, Cavadore JC, Morales J, Poulhe R, Bellé R . Elongation factor EF-1 delta, a new target for maturation-promoting factor in Xenopus oocytes . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 269 . 31 . 20201–7 . Aug 1994 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)32146-4 . 8051108 . free .
• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . Jan 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Bec G, Kerjan P, Waller JP . Reconstitution in vitro of the valyl-tRNA synthetase-elongation factor (EF) 1 beta gamma delta complex. Essential roles of the NH2-terminal extension of valyl-tRNA synthetase and of the EF-1 delta subunit in complex formation . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 269 . 3 . 2086–92 . Jan 1994 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)42139-9 . 8294461 . free .
• Sanders J, Brandsma M, Janssen GM, Dijk J, Möller W . Immunofluorescence studies of human fibroblasts demonstrate the presence of the complex of elongation factor-1 beta gamma delta in the endoplasmic reticulum . Journal of Cell Science . 109 . 5 . 1113–7 . May 1996 . 10.1242/jcs.109.5.1113 . 8743958 .
• Chang YW, Traugh JA . Phosphorylation of elongation factor 1 and ribosomal protein S6 by multipotential S6 kinase and insulin stimulation of translational elongation . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 272 . 45 . 28252–7 . Nov 1997 . 9353277 . 10.1074/jbc.272.45.28252 . free .
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . Oct 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 .
• Sheu GT, Traugh JA . Recombinant subunits of mammalian elongation factor 1 expressed in Escherichia coli. Subunit interactions, elongation activity, and phosphorylation by protein kinase CKII . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 272 . 52 . 33290–7 . Dec 1997 . 9407120 . 10.1074/jbc.272.52.33290 . free .
• Xiao H, Neuveut C, Benkirane M, Jeang KT . Interaction of the second coding exon of Tat with human EF-1 delta delineates a mechanism for HIV-1-mediated shut-off of host mRNA translation . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 244 . 2 . 384–9 . Mar 1998 . 9514931 . 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8274 .
• Kolettas E, Lymboura M, Khazaie K, Luqmani Y . Modulation of elongation factor-1 delta (EF-1 delta) expression by oncogenes in human epithelial cells . Anticancer Research . 18 . 1A . 385–92 . 1998 . 9568107 .
• Scanlan MJ, Chen YT, Williamson B, Gure AO, Stockert E, Gordan JD, Türeci O, Sahin U, Pfreundschuh M, Old LJ . Characterization of human colon cancer antigens recognized by autologous antibodies . International Journal of Cancer . 76 . 5 . 652–8 . May 1998 . 9610721 . 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19980529)76:5<652::AID-IJC7>3.0.CO;2-P . 916155 .
• Chacko G, Ling Q, Hajjar KA . Induction of acute translational response genes by homocysteine. Elongation factors-1alpha, -beta, and -delta . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 273 . 31 . 19840–6 . Jul 1998 . 9677419 . 10.1074/jbc.273.31.19840 . free .
• Sheu GT, Traugh JA . A structural model for elongation factor 1 (EF-1) and phosphorylation by protein kinase CKII . Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry . 191 . 1–2 . 181–6 . Jan 1999 . 10094407 . 10.1023/A:1006802125856 . 775166 .
• Furusawa T, Moribe H, Kondoh H, Higashi Y . Identification of CtBP1 and CtBP2 as corepressors of zinc finger-homeodomain factor deltaEF1 . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 19 . 12 . 8581–90 . Dec 1999 . 10567582 . 84984 . 10.1128/mcb.19.12.8581.
• Sang Lee J, Gyu Park S, Park H, Seol W, Lee S, Kim S . Interaction network of human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and subunits of elongation factor 1 complex . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 291 . 1 . 158–64 . Feb 2002 . 11829477 . 10.1006/bbrc.2002.6398 .
• Lei YX, Chen JK, Wu ZL . Blocking the translation elongation factor-1 delta with its antisense mRNA results in a significant reversal of its oncogenic potential . Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis . 22 . 5 . 377–83 . 2002 . 12210501 . 10.1002/tcm.10034 .

Notes and References

1. Sanders J, Raggiaschi R, Morales J, Möller W . The human leucine zipper-containing guanine-nucleotide exchange protein elongation factor-1 delta . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression . 1174 . 1 . 87–90 . Jul 1993 . 8334168 . 10.1016/0167-4781(93)90097-W .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: EEF1D eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta (guanine nucleotide exchange protein).
3. Sang Lee J, Gyu Park S, Park H, Seol W, Lee S, Kim S . Interaction network of human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and subunits of elongation factor 1 complex . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 291 . 1 . 158–64 . Feb 2002 . 11829477 . 10.1006/bbrc.2002.6398 .
4. Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . Oct 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .
5. Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, Haenig C, Brembeck FH, Goehler H, Stroedicke M, Zenkner M, Schoenherr A, Koeppen S, Timm J, Mintzlaff S, Abraham C, Bock N, Kietzmann S, Goedde A, Toksöz E, Droege A, Krobitsch S, Korn B, Birchmeier W, Lehrach H, Wanker EE . A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome . Cell . 122 . 6 . 957–68 . Sep 2005 . 16169070 . 10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029 . 11858/00-001M-0000-0010-8592-0 . 8235923 . free .
6. Ong LL, Er CP, Ho A, Aung MT, Yu H . Kinectin anchors the translation elongation factor-1 delta to the endoplasmic reticulum . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 . 34 . 32115–23 . Aug 2003 . 12773547 . 10.1074/jbc.M210917200 . free .
7. Web site: String Database. 16 May 2014.