S1PR2 explained

Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2, also known as S1PR2 or S1P₂, is a human gene which encodes a G protein-coupled receptor which binds the lipid signaling molecule sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P).^[1]

Function

This protein participates in sphingosine 1-phosphate-induced cell proliferation, survival, and transcriptional activation.^[1] It has also been shown to interact with Nogo-A (RTN4), an neurite outgrowth inhibitor.^[2] S1PR2 is expressed in neuronal and vascular cells and is crucial for the migration and growth of developing and injured neuronal and vascular system.^{[3] [4]}

Evolution

Paralogues^[5]

• S1PR1
• S1PR3
• S1PR5
• S1PR4
• LPAR2
• LPAR1
• LPAR3
• CNR1
• GPR6
• MC3R
• GPR12
• GPR3
• MC4R
• MC1R
• CNR2
• MC5R
• MC2R

See also

• Lysophospholipid receptor

Further reading

• Spiegel S . Sphingosine 1-phosphate: a ligand for the EDG-1 family of G-protein-coupled receptors. . Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. . 905 . 1. 54–60 . 2000 . 10818441 . 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06537.x. 2000NYASA.905...54S . 9257870 .
• Takuwa Y . [Regulation of Rho family G proteins and cell motility by the Edg family of sphingosin 1-phosphate receptors] . Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso . 47 . 4 Suppl . 496–502 . 2002 . 11915348 .
• MacLennan AJ, Browe CS, Gaskin AA, etal . Cloning and characterization of a putative G-protein coupled receptor potentially involved in development. . Mol. Cell. Neurosci. . 5 . 3 . 201–9 . 1994 . 8087418 . 10.1006/mcne.1994.1024 . 34088289 .
• Yamaguchi F, Tokuda M, Hatase O, Brenner S . Molecular cloning of the novel human G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) gene mapped on chromosome 9. . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 227 . 2 . 608–14 . 1996 . 8878560 . 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1553 .
• Van Brocklyn JR, Tu Z, Edsall LC, etal . Sphingosine 1-phosphate-induced cell rounding and neurite retraction are mediated by the G protein-coupled receptor H218. . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 8 . 4626–32 . 1999 . 9988698 . 10.1074/jbc.274.8.4626 . free .
• Ancellin N, Hla T . Differential pharmacological properties and signal transduction of the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors EDG-1, EDG-3, and EDG-5. . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 27 . 18997–9002 . 1999 . 10383399 . 10.1074/jbc.274.27.18997 . free .
• Windh RT, Lee MJ, Hla T, etal . Differential coupling of the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors Edg-1, Edg-3, and H218/Edg-5 to the G(i), G(q), and G(12) families of heterotrimeric G proteins. . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 39 . 27351–8 . 1999 . 10488065 . 10.1074/jbc.274.39.27351 . free .
• An S, Zheng Y, Bleu T . Sphingosine 1-phosphate-induced cell proliferation, survival, and related signaling events mediated by G protein-coupled receptors Edg3 and Edg5. . J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 1 . 288–96 . 2000 . 10617617 . 10.1074/jbc.275.1.288 . free .
• Himmel HM, Meyer Zu Heringdorf D, Graf E, etal . Evidence for Edg-3 receptor-mediated activation of I(K.ACh) by sphingosine-1-phosphate in human atrial cardiomyocytes. . Mol. Pharmacol. . 58 . 2 . 449–54 . 2000 . 10908314 . 10.1124/mol.58.2.449. 7014378 .
• Hla T . Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors. . Prostaglandins. 64 . 1–4 . 135–142 . April 2001. 11331101 . 10.1016/s0090-6980(01)00109-5.
• Mazurais D, Robert P, Gout B, etal . Cell type-specific localization of human cardiac S1P receptors. . J. Histochem. Cytochem. . 50 . 5 . 661–70 . 2002 . 11967277 . 10.1177/002215540205000507. 35685259 .
• Osada M, Yatomi Y, Ohmori T, etal . Enhancement of sphingosine 1-phosphate-induced migration of vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells by an EDG-5 antagonist. . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 299 . 3 . 483–7 . 2003 . 12445827 . 10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02671-2 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M. free .
• Vogler R, Sauer B, Kim DS, etal . Sphingosine-1-phosphate and its potentially paradoxical effects on critical parameters of cutaneous wound healing. . J. Invest. Dermatol. . 120 . 4 . 693–700 . 2003 . 12648236 . 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12096.x . free .
• Kaneider NC, Lindner J, Feistritzer C, etal . The immune modulator FTY720 targets sphingosine-kinase-dependent migration of human monocytes in response to amyloid beta-protein and its precursor. . FASEB J. . 18 . 11 . 1309–11 . 2005 . 15208267 . 10.1096/fj.03-1050fje . free . 22590944 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928.
• Sanchez T, Thangada S, Wu MT, etal . PTEN as an effector in the signaling of antimigratory G protein-coupled receptor. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 102 . 12 . 4312–7 . 2005 . 15764699 . 10.1073/pnas.0409784102 . 555509. 2005PNAS..102.4312S . free .
• Sanchez T, Skoura A, Wu MT, etal . Induction of vascular permeability by the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-2 (S1P2R) and its downstream effectors ROCK and PTEN. . Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. . 27 . 6 . 1312–8 . 2007 . 17431187 . 10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.143735 . free .

External links

• Web site: Lysophospholipid Receptors: S₁P₂ . IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels . International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology . 2008-12-05 . 2016-03-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171444/http://www.iuphar-db.org/GPCR/ReceptorDisplayForward?receptorID=2994 . dead .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: S1PR2, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2.
2. Kempf A, Tews B, Arzt ME, Weinmann O, Obermair FJ, Pernet V, Zagrebelsky M, Delekate A, Iobbi C, Zemmar A, Ristic Z, Gullo M, Spies P, Dodd D, Gygax D, Korte M, Schwab ME, Schiavo G . The Sphingolipid Receptor S1PR2 Is a Receptor for Nogo-A Repressing Synaptic Plasticity . PLOS Biology . 14 January 2014 . 12 . 1 . e1001763 . 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001763. 24453941 . 3891622 . free .
3. Rust R, Grönnert L, Gantner C, Enzler A, Mulders G, Weber RZ, Siewert A, ((Limasale YDP)), Meinhardt A, Maurer MA, Sartori AM, Hofer AS, Werner C, Schwab ME . Nogo-A targeted therapy promotes vascular repair and functional recovery following stroke . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 9 July 2019 . 116 . 28 . 14270–14279 . 10.1073/pnas.1905309116. 31235580 . free . 6628809 . 2019PNAS..11614270R .
4. Rust R, Grönnert L, Weber RZ, Mulders G, Schwab ME . Refueling the Ischemic CNS: Guidance Molecules for Vascular Repair . Trends in Neurosciences . September 2019 . 42 . 9 . 644–656 . 10.1016/j.tins.2019.05.006 . 31285047. 195834057 .
5. Web site: GeneCards®: The Human Gene Database .