E2F2 explained
Transcription factor E2F2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the E2F2 gene.[1] [2]
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the E2F family of transcription factors. The E2F family plays a crucial role in the control of cell cycle and action of tumor suppressor proteins and is also a target of the transforming proteins of small DNA tumor viruses. The E2F proteins contain several evolutionally conserved domains found in most members of the family. These domains include a DNA binding domain, a dimerization domain which determines interaction with the differentiation regulated transcription factor proteins (DP), a transactivation domain enriched in acidic amino acids, and a tumor suppressor protein association domain which is embedded within the transactivation domain. This protein and another 2 members, E2F1 and E2F3, have an additional cyclin binding domain. This protein binds specifically to retinoblastoma protein pRB in a cell-cycle dependent manner, and it exhibits overall 46% amino acid identity to E2F1.[3]
Interactions
E2F2 has been shown to interact with:
See also
Further reading
- Dyson N . The regulation of E2F by pRB-family proteins. . Genes Dev. . 12 . 15 . 2245–62 . 1998 . 9694791 . 10.1101/gad.12.15.2245 . free .
- Wu CL, Zukerberg LR, Ngwu C, Harlow E, Lees JA . In vivo association of E2F and DP family proteins . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 15 . 5 . 2536–46 . 1995 . 7739537 . 230484 . 10.1128/mcb.15.5.2536.
- Jan Karlseder . Karlseder J, Rotheneder H, Wintersberger E . Interaction of Sp1 with the growth- and cell cycle-regulated transcription factor E2F . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 16 . 4 . 1659–67 . 1996 . 8657141 . 231152 . 10.1128/mcb.16.4.1659.
- Lin SY, Black AR, Kostic D, Pajovic S, Hoover CN, Azizkhan JC . Cell cycle-regulated association of E2F1 and Sp1 is related to their functional interaction . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 16 . 4 . 1668–75 . 1996 . 8657142 . 231153 . 10.1128/MCB.16.4.1668.
- Rogers KT, Higgins PD, Milla MM, Phillips RS, Horowitz JM . DP-2, a heterodimeric partner of E2F: identification and characterization of DP-2 proteins expressed in vivo . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 93 . 15 . 7594–9 . 1996 . 8755520 . 38791 . 10.1073/pnas.93.15.7594 . 1996PNAS...93.7594R . free .
- Magae J, Wu CL, Illenye S, Harlow E, Heintz NH . Nuclear localization of DP and E2F transcription factors by heterodimeric partners and retinoblastoma protein family members . J. Cell Sci. . 109 . 7 . 1717–26 . 1997 . 10.1242/jcs.109.7.1717 . 8832394 .
- Hofmann F, Livingston DM . Differential effects of cdk2 and cdk3 on the control of pRb and E2F function during G1 exit . Genes Dev. . 10 . 7 . 851–61 . 1996 . 8846921 . 10.1101/gad.10.7.851 . free .
- Lindeman GJ, Gaubatz S, Livingston DM, Ginsberg D . The subcellular localization of E2F-4 is cell-cycle dependent . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 94 . 10 . 5095–100 . 1997 . 9144196 . 24637 . 10.1073/pnas.94.10.5095 . 1997PNAS...94.5095L . free .
- Pierce AM, Schneider-Broussard R, Philhower JL, Johnson DG . Differential activities of E2F family members: unique functions in regulating transcription . Mol. Carcinog. . 22 . 3 . 190–8 . 1998 . 9688145 . 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2744(199807)22:3<190::AID-MC7>3.0.CO;2-P . 42749241 .
- Halaban R, Cheng E, Smicun Y, Germino J . Deregulated E2F transcriptional activity in autonomously growing melanoma cells . J. Exp. Med. . 191 . 6 . 1005–16 . 2000 . 10727462 . 2193116 . 10.1084/jem.191.6.1005 .
- Takahashi Y, Rayman JB, Dynlacht BD . Analysis of promoter binding by the E2F and pRB families in vivo: distinct E2F proteins mediate activation and repression . Genes Dev. . 14 . 7 . 804–16 . 2000 . 10766737 . 316494 . 10.1101/gad.14.7.804.
- Denis GV, Vaziri C, Guo N, Faller DV . RING3 kinase transactivates promoters of cell cycle regulatory genes through E2F . Cell Growth Differ. . 11 . 8 . 417–24 . 2001 . 10965846 . 3968681.
- Wu L, Timmers C, Maiti B, Saavedra HI, Sang L, Chong GT, Nuckolls F, Giangrande P, Wright FA, Field SJ, Greenberg ME, Orkin S, Nevins JR, Robinson ML, Leone G . The E2F1-3 transcription factors are essential for cellular proliferation . Nature . 414 . 6862 . 457–62 . 2001 . 11719808 . 10.1038/35106593 . 2001Natur.414..457W . 3062825 .
- Yamochi T, Semba K, Tsuji K, Mizumoto K, Sato H, Matsuura Y, Nishimoto I, Matsuoka M . ik3-1/Cables is a substrate for cyclin-dependent kinase 3 (cdk 3) . Eur. J. Biochem. . 268 . 23 . 6076–82 . 2002 . 11733001 . 10.1046/j.0014-2956.2001.02555.x .
- Weinmann AS, Yan PS, Oberley MJ, Huang TH, Farnham PJ . Isolating human transcription factor targets by coupling chromatin immunoprecipitation and CpG island microarray analysis . Genes Dev. . 16 . 2 . 235–44 . 2002 . 11799066 . 155318 . 10.1101/gad.943102 .
- Crowley TE, Kaine EM, Yoshida M, Nandi A, Wolgemuth DJ . Reproductive cycle regulation of nuclear import, euchromatic localization, and association with components of Pol II mediator of a mammalian double-bromodomain protein . Mol. Endocrinol. . 16 . 8 . 1727–37 . 2003 . 12145330 . 10.1210/me.2001-0353 . 14975453 .
- Schlisio S, Halperin T, Vidal M, Nevins JR . Interaction of YY1 with E2Fs, mediated by RYBP, provides a mechanism for specificity of E2F function . EMBO J. . 21 . 21 . 5775–86 . 2002 . 12411495 . 131074 . 10.1093/emboj/cdf577 .
Notes and References
- Ivey-Hoyle M, Conroy R, Huber HE, Goodhart PJ, Oliff A, Heimbrook DC . Cloning and characterization of E2F-2, a novel protein with the biochemical properties of transcription factor E2F . Mol Cell Biol . 13 . 12 . 7802–12 . January 1994 . 8246995 . 364852 . 10.1128/MCB.13.12.7802.
- Lees JA, Saito M, Vidal M, Valentine M, Look T, Harlow E, Dyson N, Helin K . The retinoblastoma protein binds to a family of E2F transcription factors . Mol Cell Biol . 13 . 12 . 7813–25 . January 1994 . 8246996 . 364853 . 10.1128/mcb.13.12.7813.
- Web site: Entrez Gene: E2F2 E2F transcription factor 2.
- Crowley TE, Kaine EM, Yoshida M, Nandi A, Wolgemuth DJ . Reproductive cycle regulation of nuclear import, euchromatic localization, and association with components of Pol II mediator of a mammalian double-bromodomain protein . Mol. Endocrinol. . 16 . 8 . 1727–37 . August 2002 . 12145330 . 10.1210/me.2001-0353 . 14975453 .
- Denis GV, Vaziri C, Guo N, Faller DV . RING3 kinase transactivates promoters of cell cycle regulatory genes through E2F . Cell Growth Differ. . 11 . 8 . 417–24 . August 2000 . 10965846 . 3968681 .
- Schlisio S, Halperin T, Vidal M, Nevins JR . Interaction of YY1 with E2Fs, mediated by RYBP, provides a mechanism for specificity of E2F function . EMBO J. . 21 . 21 . 5775–86 . November 2002 . 12411495 . 131074 . 10.1093/emboj/cdf577.
- Lee C, Chang JH, Lee HS, Cho Y . Structural basis for the recognition of the E2F transactivation domain by the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor . Genes Dev. . 16 . 24 . 3199–212 . December 2002 . 12502741 . 187509 . 10.1101/gad.1046102 .