Eredivisie Explained

Pixels:230px
Organiser:KNVB
Country:Netherlands
Confed:UEFA
Teams:18 (since 1966–67)
Levels:1
Relegation:Eerste Divisie
Champions:PSV (25th title)
Season:2023–24
Most Champs:Ajax (36 titles)
Most Appearances:Pim Doesburg (687)
Top Goalscorer:Willy van der Kuijlen (311)
Tv:List of broadcasters
Current:2024–25 Eredivisie

The Eredivisie (in Dutch; Flemish pronounced as /ˈeːrədivizi/; "Honour Division" or "Premier Division") is the highest level of professional football in the Netherlands. The league was founded in 1956, two years after the start of professional football in the Netherlands. As of the 2023–24 season, it is ranked the 6th-best league in Europe by UEFA.[1]

The Eredivisie consists of 18 clubs. Each club meets every other club twice during the season, once at home and once away. At the end of each season, the two clubs at the bottom are relegated to the second level of the Dutch league system, the (First Division), while the champion and runner-up of the are automatically promoted to the Eredivisie. The club finishing third from the bottom of the Eredivisie goes to separate promotion/relegation play-offs with six high-placed clubs from the .[2]

The winner of the Eredivisie claims the Dutch national championship. Ajax have won the most titles with 36. PSV Eindhoven are next with 25, and Feyenoord follow with 16. Since 1965, these three clubs have won all but three Eredivisie titles (the 1981 and 2009 titles went to AZ and Twente won in 2010). Ajax, PSV, and Feyenoord are known as the "Big Three" or "Traditional Top Three" of Dutch football. They are the only clubs in their current form to have never been relegated out of the Eredivisie. A fourth club, Utrecht, is the product of a 1970 merger between three of that city's clubs, one of which, VV DOS, had also never been relegated out of the Eredivisie.

From 1990 to 1999, the official name of the league was PTT Telecompetitie (after the sponsor, PTT Telecom), which was changed to KPN Telecompetitie (because PTT Telecom changed its name to KPN Telecom) in 1999 and to KPN Eredivisie in 2000. From 2002 to 2005, the league was called the Holland Casino Eredivisie. Since the 2005–06 season, the league has been sponsored by the Vriendenloterij (lottery), but for legal reasons its name could not be attached to the league (the Dutch government was against the name, because the Eredivisie would, after Holland Casino's sponsorship, yet again be sponsored by a company providing games of chance).

In August 2012, it was made public that tycoon Rupert Murdoch had secured the rights to the Eredivisie for 12 years at the expense of one billion euros, beginning in the 2013–14 season.[3] Within this deal, the five largest Eredivisie clubs were to receive five million euros per year.[4] In 2020, the Eredivisie was abandoned due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

History

From the foundation of the Dutch national football championship in 1898 until 1954, the title was decided through play-offs by a handful of clubs who had previously won their regional league.[5] The competition was purely an amateur one; the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) rejected any form of payment and suspended players who were caught receiving salary or transfer fees.[6] The call for professional football grew in the early fifties after many national team members left to play abroad in search for financial benefits.[7] The KNVB would usually suspend these players, preventing them from appearing for the Dutch national team. After the North Sea flood of 1953, the Dutch players abroad (mainly playing in the French league) organised a charity match against the France national team in Paris. The match was boycotted by the KNVB, but after the assembled Dutch players defeated the French (2–1), the Dutch public witnessed the heights that could be achieved through professional football.[8] To serve the growing interest, a dissident professional football association (the NBVB) and league were founded for the 1954–55 season.[9] On 3 July 1954, the KNVB met with a group of concerned amateur club chairmen, who feared the best players would join the professional teams. The meeting, dubbed the slaapkamerconferentie ('bedroom conference'), led to the Association reluctantly accepting semi-professionalism.[6]

Meanwhile, both the KNVB and the NBVB started their separate competition. The first professional football match was contested between Alkmaar and Venlo.[6] The leagues went on for eleven rounds, before a merger was negotiated between the two federations in November. Both leagues were cancelled and a new, combined competition emerged immediately. De Graafschap, Amsterdam, Alkmaar and Fortuna '54 from the NBVB were accepted to the new league. Other clubs merged, which led to new names like Rapid J.C., Holland Sport and Roda Sport. The first (semi-)professional league was won by Willem II.[10] For the 1956–57 season, the KNVB abandoned the regional league system. The Eredivisie was founded, in which the eighteen best clubs nationwide directly played for the league title without play-offs. The inaugural members of the Eredivisie in 1956 were Ajax, BVC, BVV, DOS, EVV, Elinkwijk, SC Enschede, Feijenoord, Fortuna '54, GVAV, MVV, NAC, NOAD, PSV, Rapid J.C., Sparta, VVV '03 and Willem II.[11] Ajax was the first team to claim the title that season.[11] Below is a complete record of how many teams played in each season throughout the league's history;

Current teams (2023–24)

Club
CityCapacityPosition
in 2022–23
1st season
in Eredivisie
No. of seasons
in Eredivisie
1st season of
current spell
No. of seasons
of current spell
Eredivisie titlesNational titlesLast title
Ajaxa bAmsterdam55,865data-sort-value="01”3rd1956–57681956–576826362022
Almere CityAlmere4,501data-sort-value="16"promoted*2023–2412023–24100-
AZAlkmaar19,500data-sort-value="04"4th1968–69461998–9923222009
ExcelsiorRotterdam4,500data-sort-value="08"15th1970–71242022–23200-
Feyenoorda bRotterdam51,137data-sort-value="03"1st1956–57681956–576810162023
Fortuna SittardSittard12,500data-sort-value="14"13th1968–69252018–19600-
Go Ahead EaglesDeventer10,000data-sort-value="12"11th1963–64342021–223041933
HeerenveenHeerenveen27,224data-sort-value="09"8th1990–91321993–943100-
HeraclesAlmelo12,080data-sort-value="15"promoted*1962–63232023–241021941
NECNijmegen12,500data-sort-value="11"12th1967–68432021–22300-
PEC ZwolleZwolle13,250data-sort-value="18"promoted*1978-79232023–24100-
PSVa bEindhoven36,500data-sort-value="02"2nd1956–57681956–576822242024
RKC WaalwijkWaalwijk7,508data-sort-value="13"9th1988–89282019–20500-
Sparta RotterdamaRotterdam11,026data-sort-value="10"6th1956–57582019–205161959
TwentecEnschede30,205data-sort-value="07"5th1956–57652019–205112010
Utrechtb dUtrecht23,750data-sort-value="06"7th1970–71541970–715400-
VitesseArnhem21,248data-sort-value="05"10th1971–72391989–903500-
FC VolendamVolendam7,384data-sort-value="17"14th1959–60272022–23200-





Maps

Champions

See main article: List of Dutch football champions. Please note that the table below totals all winners of the Dutch top division, which included the Netherlands Football League Championship that preceded the Eredivisie. The Eredivisie was only founded in 1956 so many of these teams did not win the Eredivisie title.

ClubWinnerRunner-upWinning years
36
23
25
161928–29, 1934–35, 1950–51, 1962–63, 1974–75, 1975–76, 1977–78, 1985–86, 1986–87, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1990–91, 1991–92, 1996–97, 1999–00, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2017–18, 2023–24
16
221923–24, 1927–28, 1935–36, 1937–38, 1939–40, 1960–61, 1961–62, 1964–65, 1968–69, 1970–71, 1973–74, 1983–84, 1992–93, 1998–99, 2016–17, 2022–23
10
11890–91, 1895–96, 1899–1900, 1900–01, 1901–02, 1902–03, 1904–05, 1906–07, 1909–10, 1913–14
61908–09, 1910–11, 1911–12, 1912–13, 1914–15, 1958–59
531891–92, 1893–94, 1896–97, 1897–98, 1898–99
451916–17, 1921–22, 1929–30, 1932–33
331889–90, 1892–93, 1894–95
311915–16, 1951–52, 1954–55
31903–04, 1905–06, 1924–25
231980–81, 2008–09
211926–27, 1940–41
21941–42, 1942–43
21922–23, 1952–53
141920–21
132009–10
131963–64
Roda JC Kerkrade121955–56
121919–20
121953–54
111925–26
111957–58
111947–48
11943–44
11945–46
11949–50
11948–49
11907–08
11888–89

Playoffs

European competition

PositionPlayoffQualification to
1st  – Champions League group stage
2nd  – Champions League third qualifying round of the League Path.
3rd  – Europa League play-off round
4th  – Europa Conference League third qualifying round
5th–8th/6th-9th European competition play-offs 4th vs 7th and 5th vs 6th or 5th vs 8th and 6th vs 7th; the two winners play each other to qualify for:
Europa Conference League second qualifying round
KNVB Cup winners  – Europa League play-off round (group stage if the Europa Conference League winners have already qualified for the UCL through their domestic league)

Relegation

PositionPlayoffWhat happens next
16th Nacompetitie The 3rd to 8th placed teams in the Keuken Kampioen Divisie compete against each other for a spot in the semi finals. The remaining 3 teams and the 16th placed team from the Eredivisie then face off in a double legged knock out system for the final place in the Eredivisie.
17th-18th Direct relegation to the Keuken Kampioen Divisie

Attendance

+2018–19 Attendance
ClubAttendance
Ajax52,987
Feyenoord42,065
PSV34,071
FC Utrecht18,846
Heerenveen18,743
NAC Breda18,262
Groningen18,025
Vitesse15,422
AZ15,027
PEC Zwolle13,478
Willem II12,998
ADO Den Haag12,561
De Graafschap12,321
Heracles Almelo10,993
Fortuna Sittard9,100
FC Emmen8,238
VVV Venlo6,828
Excelsior4,223
Average18,010

Since the beginning of the league, there have been three clubs with an attendance much higher than the others: Ajax, PSV and Feyenoord. Clubs like Heerenveen, Utrecht and Groningen also have fairly large fanbases. The regular season average league attendance was just over 7,000 in 1990, but this figure has risen sharply over the years thanks to the opening of new stadiums and the expansion of existing ones nationwide. Average attendance for the 2018–19 season was 18,010, with Ajax having the largest (52,987) and Excelsior having the smallest (4,223). Ajax's figures however differ from those provided by the Johan Cruyff Arena, since the club counts all tickets sold instead of the number of people going through the turnstiles.

All-time ranking (since 1956)

Last updated following the 2018–19 season

Playing in the Eredivisie
Playing in the Eerste Divisie
Playing in the amateur leagues
Club has been disestablished or merged into another club
RankClubSeasonsPlayedWonDrawnLostPointsAvg.
Points
Goals
for
Goals
against
Goal
difference
1.63 2126 1413 381 329 4620 2,17 5386 2167 +3219
2.63 2126 1298 453 375 43472,04 4912 2234 +2678
3.63 2126 1208 489 429 41131,93 4540 2440 +2100
4.52 1764 771 475 518 2788 1,58 2806 2247 +559
5.53 1764 619 498 669 2355 1,32 2676 2801 -125
6.49 1666 618 427 621 2281 1,37 2385 2505 -120
7.41 1394 598 346 450 2140 1,54 2330 1917 +413
8.44 1496 563 391 542 2080 1,39 2260 2208 +52
9.50 1688 529 440 719 2027 1,20 2239 2812 -573
10.45 1514 501 387 626 1890 1,25 2172 2486 -314
11.40 1360 464 375 521 1767 1,30 1925 2098 -173
12.34 1156 445 329 382 1664 1,44 1757 1605 +152
13.43 1455 443 331 680 1660 1,14 2027 2608 -581
14.40 1360 379 382 599 1519 1,12 1565 2132 -567
15.36 1208 350 356 502 1406 1,16 1527 1992 -465
16.27 918 373 233 312 1352 1,47 1546 1429 +117
17.31 1042 325 268 449 1243 1,19 1399 1701 -302
18.23 782 240 197 345 917 1,17 1014 1269 -255
19.25 842 228215 399 899 1,07 994 1513 -519
20.22 748 207 197 344 8181,09 968 1367-399
21.20 680 188 200 292 764 1,12 806 1085 -279
22.19 630 193 143 294 7221,15 860 1173 -313
23.19 646 180 175 291 7151,11 825 1124 -299
24.18 612 172 178 262 694 1,13 695 978 -283
25.22 748 168 186 394 690 0,92 830 1399 -569
26.21 714 157 175 382 646 0,90 773 1373 -600
27.14 460 168 109 183 613 1,33 790 848 -58
28.13 430 147 117 166 558 1,30 588 644 -56
29.12 392 141 99 152 522 1,33 635 700 -65
30.14 468 118 140 210 494 1,06 530 754 -224
31.13 392 123 115 154 484 1,23 533 595 -62
32.12 442 114 123 205 465 1,05 491 756 -265
33.9 294 121 77 96 440 1,50 565 490 +75
34.6 204 73 47 84 266 1,30 307 350 -43
35.7 234 65 50 119 245 1,05 306 483 -177
36.6 204 61 56 87 239 1,17 263 321 -58
37.6 196 65 42 89 237 1,21 334 401 -67
38.7 238 49 64 125 211 0,89 258 437 -179
39.4 136 37 34 65 145 1,07 168 279 -111
40.6 204 31 46 127 139 0,68 208 463 -255
41.5 170 35 26 109 131 0,77 164 358 -194
42.4 136 33 30 73 129 0,95 187 311 -124
43.4 132 32 29 71 125 0,95 148 256 -108
44.2 68 26 17 25 95 1,40 92 95 -3
45.3 102 23 25 54 94 0,92 107 209 -102
46.2 68 20 20 28 80 1,18 103 130 -27
47.2 68 18 10 40 64 0,94 126 172 -46
48.2 68 12 23 33 59 0,87 74 127 -53
49.2 68 13 18 37 57 0,84 72 137 -65
50.2 64 15 10 39 55 0,86 99 189 -90
51.2 68 12 18 38 54 0,79 93 162 -69
52.2 68 13 13 42 52 0,76 62 142 -80
53.Emmen1 34 10 8 16 381,12 41 72 -31
54.1 34 7 13 14 34 1,00 33 59 -26

Player records

Appearances

Rankwidth=175 NameGamesPlaying positionFirst matchLast match
1687
2684 Goalkeeper
3576 Goalkeeper

Goals

See main article: List of Eredivisie top scorers.

Rankwidth=175 NameGoalsGamesGoals per gamePlaying positionFirst goalLast goal
1311 545 0.57
2266 392 0.68 Forward 1983–84
3216 309 0.70 Forward 1983–84
4212 372 0.57 Forward 1983–84
5208 456 0.46 Forward 1966–67

Top scorers

See main article: List of Eredivisie hat-tricks.

Last updated following the 2022–23 season.[12]

SeasonTop Scorer(s)GoalsClub(s)
1956–57 Coen Dillen43PSV
1957–58 Leo Canjels32NAC
1958–59 Leo Canjels (2)34NAC
1959–60 Henk Groot[13] 37Ajax
1960–61 Henk Groot (2)41Ajax
1961–62 Dick Tol27Volendam
1962–63 Pierre Kerkhofs22PSV
1963–64 Frans Geurtsen28DWS
1964–65 Frans Geurtsen (2)23DWS
1965–66 Willy van der Kuijlen
Piet Kruiver
23PSV
Feyenoord
1966–67 Johan Cruyff33Ajax
1967–68 Ove Kindvall28Feyenoord
1968–69 Dick van Dijk
Ove Kindvall (2)
30Twente
Feyenoord
1969–70 Willy van der Kuijlen (2)26PSV
1970–71 Ove Kindvall (3)24Feyenoord
1971–72 Johan Cruyff (2)25Ajax
1972–73 Cas Janssens
Willy Brokamp
18NEC
MVV
1973–74 Willy van der Kuijlen (3)27PSV
1974–75 Ruud Geels30Ajax
1975–76 Ruud Geels (2)29Ajax
1976–77 Ruud Geels (3)34Ajax
1977–78 Ruud Geels (4)30Ajax
1978–79 Kees Kist34AZ
1979–80 Kees Kist (2)27AZ
1980–81 Ruud Geels (5)22Sparta
1981–82 Wim Kieft32Ajax
1982–83 Peter Houtman30Feyenoord
1983–84 Marco van Basten28Ajax
1984–85 Marco van Basten (2)22Ajax
1985–86 Marco van Basten (3)37Ajax
1986–87 Marco van Basten (4)31Ajax
1987–88 Wim Kieft (2)29PSV
1988–89 Romário19PSV
1989–90 Romário (2)23PSV
1990–91 Romário (3)
Dennis Bergkamp[14]
25PSV
Ajax
1991–92 Dennis Bergkamp (2)[15] 24Ajax
1992–93 Dennis Bergkamp (3)[16] 26Ajax
1993–94 Jari Litmanen26Ajax
1994–95 Ronaldo30PSV
1995–96 Luc Nilis21PSV
1996–97 Luc Nilis (2)21PSV
1997–98 Nikos Machlas34Vitesse
1998–99 Ruud van Nistelrooy31PSV
1999–2000 Ruud van Nistelrooy (2)29PSV
2000–01 Mateja Kežman24PSV
2001–02 Pierre van Hooijdonk24Feyenoord
2002–03 Mateja Kežman (2)35PSV
2003–04 Mateja Kežman (3)31PSV
2004–05 Dirk Kuyt29Feyenoord
2005–06 Klaas-Jan Huntelaar33Heerenveen/Ajax
2006–07 Afonso Alves34Heerenveen
2007–08 Klaas-Jan Huntelaar (2)33Ajax
2008–09 Mounir El Hamdaoui23AZ
2009–10 Luis Suárez35Ajax
2010–11 Björn Vleminckx23NEC
2011–12 Bas Dost32Heerenveen
2012–13 Wilfried Bony31Vitesse
2013–14 Alfreð Finnbogason29Heerenveen
2014–15 Memphis Depay22PSV
2015–16 Vincent Janssen27AZ
2016–17 Nicolai Jørgensen21Feyenoord
2017–18 Alireza Jahanbakhsh21AZ
2018–19 Luuk de Jong
Dušan Tadić
28PSV
Ajax
2019–20 Steven Berghuis
Cyriel Dessers
15Feyenoord
Heracles Almelo
2020–21 Giorgos Giakoumakis26VVV-Venlo
2021–22 Sébastien Haller21Ajax
2022–23 Anastasios Douvikas
Xavi Simons
19Utrecht
PSV

Eredivisie teams and major UEFA and FIFA competitions

The following sixteen international tournaments were won by Eredivisie teams:

The UEFA Super Cup was founded by a Dutch reporter named Anton Witkamp and Ajax's 1973 win was the first time the tournament was contested officially.[17]

Sponsorship names for seasons

See also

References

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Country coefficients UEFA Coefficients . UEFA.com . July 2018 . 29 May 2023 . 4 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191204125228/https://www.uefa.com/memberassociations/uefarankings/country/#/yr/2023 . live .
  2. Web site: Reglement play-off promotie/degradatie betaald voetbal seizoen 2021/'22. 1 May 2022. 1 May 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220501124829/https://www.knvb.nl/downloads/bestand/23537/reglement-play-off-promotie-degradatie-betaald-voetbal-seizoen-2020-21-01082020. live.
  3. News: van der Kraan. Marcel. Murdoch koopt tv-rechten eredivisie. 30 September 2015. De Telegraaf. TMG Landelijke Media B.V.. 8 August 2012. 2 October 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20151002003537/http://www.telegraaf.nl/telesport/voetbal/nationaal/20924148/__MURDOCH_KOOPT_TV-RECHTEN__.html. live.
  4. News: Seegers. Jules. 5 vragen over wat de deal Murdoch-Eredivisie betekent voor de kijker. 30 September 2015. nrc.nl. NRC Media. 8 August 2012. 1 October 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20151001151213/http://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2012/08/08/vijf-vragen-over-wat-de-megadeal-murdoch-eredivisie-betekent-voor-de-kijker/. live.
  5. Web site: Netherlands – Regional Analysis . . 12 October 2013 . 8 August 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220808190910/https://rsssf.org/miscellaneous/region-netherlands.html . live .
  6. Web site: Eredivisie – ontstaan . Vak Q . 13 October 2013 . nl . 4 March 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304033700/http://www.vakq.eu/van_q_tot_q/e3s895/item . dead .
  7. Web site: Professionalism and European Games . TimeRime . 12 October 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131021091404/http://www.timerime.com/es/periodos/71504/Professionalism+and+European+Games/ . 21 October 2013 . dead . dmy-all .
  8. Web site: De Watersnoodwedstrijd van Cor van der Hart . https://web.archive.org/web/20071021030600/http://www.sportgeschiedenis.nl/2006/12/13/de-watersnoodwedstrijd-van-cor-van-der-hart.aspx . dead . 21 October 2007 . Sportgeschiedenis . 13 October 2013 . nl .
  9. Web site: Netherlands Final Tables 1950–1954 . . 12 October 2013 . 19 August 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220819144401/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesn/nedamahist.html . live .
  10. Web site: Netherlands 1954/55 . . 12 October 2013 . 26 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220726064352/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesn/ned55.html . live .
  11. Web site: Netherlands 1956/57 . . 12 October 2013 . 26 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220726064352/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesn/ned57.html . live .
  12. https://www.rsssf.org/tablesn/nedtops.html Eredivisie Top Scorers
  13. http://eredivisielive.nl/eredivisie/statistieken/topscorer/seizoen/1959-1960 Topscorers Eredivisie 1959–1960
  14. http://eredivisielive.nl/eredivisie/statistieken/topscorer/seizoen/1990-1991 Topscorers Eredivisie 1990–1991
  15. http://eredivisielive.nl/eredivisie/statistieken/topscorer/seizoen/1991-1992 Topscorers Eredivisie 1991–1992
  16. http://eredivisielive.nl/eredivisie/statistieken/topscorer/seizoen/1992-1993 Topscorers Eredivisie 1992–1993
  17. Web site: UEFA.com . 2023-08-16 . UEFA Super Cup history UEFA Super Cup . 2024-05-18 . UEFA.com . en.