| Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy | |
| Office: | 14th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh |
| Term Start: | 14 May 2004[1] [2] |
| Term End: | 2 September 2009[3] |
| Governor: | |
| Subterm: | Cabinet |
| Suboffice: | |
| Predecessor: | N. Chandrababu Naidu |
| Successor: | Konijeti Rosaiah |
| 1Blankname1: | Ministry and Departments |
| 1Namedata1: |
|
| Term Start1: | 14 May 2004 |
| Term End1: | 2 September 2009 |
| Successor1: | Konijeti Rosaiah |
| Office2: | 7th Leader of the Opposition Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly |
| Term Start2: | 11 October 1999[4] |
| Term End2: | 13 May 2004 |
| Governor2: | |
| 1Blankname2: | Chief Minister |
| 1Namedata2: | N. Chandrababu Naidu |
| Predecessor2: | P. Janardhan Reddy |
| Successor2: | N. Chandrababu Naidu |
| Office3: | Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha |
| Term Start3: | 2 December 1989 |
| Term End3: | 26 April 1999 |
| Predecessor3: | D. N. Reddy |
| Successor3: | Y. S. Vivekananda Reddy |
| Constituency3: | Kadapa |
| Office4: | 12th President of Andhra Pradesh Congress Committee |
| Term Start4: | 1998 |
| Term End4: | 1999 |
| 1Blankname4: | AICC President |
| 1Namedata4: | Sonia Gandhi |
| Predecessor4: | Konijeti Rosaiah |
| Successor4: | Satyanarayana Rao |
| Term Start5: | 1983 |
| Term End5: | 1985 |
| 1Blankname5: | AICC President |
| 1Namedata5: | |
| Predecessor5: | Gaddam Venkatswamy |
| Successor5: | Jalagam Vengala Rao |
| Office6: | Minister of Excise, Rural Development and Education[5] Government of Andhra Pradesh |
| Term Start6: | 1980 |
| Term End6: | 1983 |
| Governor6: | K. C. Abraham |
| 1Blankname6: | Chief Minister |
| 1Namedata6: | |
| Successor6: |
|
| Office7: | Member of Legislative Assembly Andhra Pradesh |
| Term Start7: | 11 October 1999 |
| Term End7: | 2 September 2009 |
| Predecessor7: | Y. S. Vivekananda Reddy |
| Successor7: | Y. S. Vijayamma |
| Constituency7: | Pulivendla |
| Term Start8: | 5 March 1978 |
| Term End8: | 28 November 1989 |
| Predecessor8: | Penchikala Basi Reddy |
| Successor8: | Y. S. Vivekananda Reddy |
| Constituency8: | Pulivendla |
| Birth Name: | Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy |
| Birth Date: | 8 July 1949 |
| Birth Place: | Pulivendula, Madras State (present-day Andhra Pradesh), India |
| Death Place: | Nallamala Hills, Andhra Pradesh, India |
| Death Cause: | Helicopter crash |
| Resting Place: | YSR Ghat, Idupulapaya |
| Party: | Indian National Congress |
| Children: | Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy (son) Y. S. Sharmila (daughter) |
| Father: | Y. S. Raja Reddy |
| Relatives: | Y. S. Vivekananda Reddy (brother) Y. S. Avinash Reddy (nephew) |
| Education: | MBBS |
| Alma Mater: | Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College |
Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy (8 July 1949 – 2 September 2009), popularly known as YSR, was an Indian politician. He served as the 14th chief minister of Andhra Pradesh from 2004 to 2009. Reddy was elected (1989, 1991, 1996 and 1998) four terms to the Lok Sabha from Kadapa and was also elected (1978, 1983, 1985, 1999, 2004 and 2009) six terms to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Pulivendula. He had won every election that, he had contested either to Assembly or Lok Sabha. He is one of the great leaders in India who didn't lost contested election in the whole career.
On 2 September 2009, a helicopter carrying Reddy went missing in the Nallamala Forest area which was later confirmed to have crashed with all five people including Reddy pronounced dead.[6]
In 2003, he undertook a three-month-long padayatra covering in 60 days across 11 districts of Andhra Pradesh as a part of his election campaign. He led the Congress party to victory in the 2004 and 2009 assembly elections.[7]
Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy was born on 8 July 1949 in Pulivendula, Kadapa district, Madras State (present day Andhra Pradesh) into a Christian Reddy family as eldest of five sons.[8] [9] Rajasekhara Reddy completed his medical studies in Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College, Gulbarga, Karnataka and served as medical officer at CSI-Campbell Mission Hospital, Jammalamadugu after completing his studies. In 1973, he established a 70-bed hospital.[10] His father Raja Reddy, was assassinated in a bomb attack on 23 May 1998.[11]
Reddy was married to Vijaya Lakshmi.[12] They had a son Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy and a daughter Y. S. Sharmila.[13] His son Jagan and younger brother Y. S. Vivekananda are also politicians. Reddy was a practicing Christian and visited Bethlehem, Palestine twice.[14] [13]
Rajasekhara Reddy joined Indian National Congress in 1978 and won the 1978 legislative assembly elections from Pulivendula. He became minister for Rural Development from 1980 and later shifted to the Excise Ministry in 1982 and Education in 1982–83. He won the 1983 and 1985 elections from the same constituency. He was appointed the state president of the Congress party by Indira Gandhi. He won from Kadapa Parliamentary constituency for four terms in 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th Lok Sabha. He returned to state politics and won the 1999 assembly elections from the same Pulivendula constituency and served as leader of opposition in Andhra Pradesh State Assembly from 1999 to 2004.[10] [15] In 2003, he undertook a three-month-long padayatra covering in 60 days across 11 districts of Andhra Pradesh as a part of his election campaign.[16]
Reddy led the congress party to victory in the 2004 assembly election and served as the 14th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh from 2004 to 2009. During his tenure as Chief Minister, he enacted schemes to provide free electricity for farmers, a health insurance program for rural people living below the poverty line,[17] a free public ambulance service,[18] low interest loans to rural women, subsidised housing for the rural poor,[19] subsidized rice,[20] reimbursement of college fees for underprivileged and reservation for minorities.[21] His tenure also saw the weakening of the violent extremist left-wing Naxalite movement that was rampant in the state.[10] He commenced the Jala Yagnam project to irrigate 10000000acres of land through the construction of major, medium and minor irrigation projects.[22]
He led the congress party to victory in the 2009 assembly election, winning 156 seats in the assembly.[23] He became the first incumbent chief minister from Congress since 1969 to win and was sworn in as the 15th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh on 20 May 2009.[24] [25] [26]
See main article: 2009 Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister helicopter crash.
On 2 September 2009, Reddy's was traveling in a Bell 430 helicopter and the Begumpet and Shamshabad air traffic controllers lost contact with the aircraft at 10:02 am while it was passing through the dense Nallamala forest area.[27] The Chief Secretary of Andhra Pradesh said that inclement weather had forced the helicopter off course.[28] [29] Although the sparsely populated forest area is considered to be a stronghold of the outlawed Naxal insurgents, the National Security Advisor of India ruled out the possibility of the Naxals bringing down the helicopter.[30] On 3 September, the Prime Minister's Office confirmed the crash of the helicopter and the death of all aboard along with Reddy.[31] [32] The Director General of Police said that the bodies were charred beyond recognition and had to be identified on the basis of clothing and the autopsy was carried out at Kurnool Medical College.[33] [34] An investigation eventually concluded that the factors that caused that crash was from mechanical issues and worse weather conditions.[35]
Reddy's body was buried on 4 September at Idupulapai in Kadapa district with full state honors in accordance with Christian rites.[36] [37] As per media reports, 122 people died of shock or committed suicide upon hearing the news of Reddy's death, many of whom were young supporters or those who benefited from his social welfare schemes.[38] Finance Minister Konijeti Rosaiah was sworn in as Chief Minister following Reddy's death.[39]
Reddy was accused of amassing large amounts of money during his tenure as the Chief Minister.[40] He is said to have used populist schemes like irrigation projects and housing schemes to his advantage and earned huge profits through them.[41] In a leaked United States diplomatic cable, the American Consul General quotes that there was "widespread corruption that was beyond the pale even for India".[42] The surrender of more than 1600acres of personal land by Reddy to the government to be compliant with the law in December 2006 was criticised by opposition parties. The opposition parties demanded his resignation for owning the land in violation of the law.[43]
N. Chandrababu Naidu also called for Reddy's resignation after a 2007 Khammam police shooting resulted in eight deaths.[44] A federal probe of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) was also launched to investigate disproportionate assets acquired by his son, Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy, in return for favours his father made to the industrialists. In May 2012, the CBI arrested Mopidevi Venkataramana, the then Infrastructure Minister in Reddy's cabinet, who was responsible for unduly assigning the land to a private organisations.[45]
On 8 July 2010, the Government of Andhra Pradesh renamed the Kadapa district as YSR district in honour of Reddy, who was a native of that district.[46] [47] On 14 September 2009, the Andhra Cricket Association renamed ACA-VDCA cricket stadium at Visakhapatnam as Dr. Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy ACA-VDCA Cricket Stadium. Two sequential films were made about him, Yatra (2019) and Yatra 2 (2024). In 2020, the Andhra Pradesh Government declared YSR Jayanti to be celebrated as Farmer's Day on 8 July every year.
| Year | Contested For | Party | Constituency | Opponent | Votes | Majority | Result | Reference | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1978 | MLA | Pulivendla | Devireddy Narayan Reddy (JP) | 47,874 - 27,378 | +20,496 | [48] | |||
| 2 | 1983 | Yeddula Bali Reddy (IND) | 47,256 - 33,889 | +13,367 | [49] | |||||
| 3 | 1985 | Devi Reddy Sadasiva Reddy (TDP) | 61,048 - 30,206 | +30,842 | [50] | |||||
| 4 | 1989 | MP | Kadapa | M. V. Ramana Reddy (TDP) | 4,80,524 - 3,13,772 | +1,66,752 | [51] | |||
| 5 | 1991 | Chennamsetty Ramachandraiah (TDP) | 5,83,953 - 1,65,028 | +4,18,925 | [52] | |||||
| 6 | 1996 | Kandula Raja Mohan Reddy (TDP) | 3,68,611- 3,63,166 | +5,445 | [53] | |||||
| 7 | 1998 | Kandula Raja Mohan Reddy (TDP) | 3,74,762 - 3,20,881 | +53,881 | [54] | |||||
| 8 | 1999 | MLA | Pulivendla | Singa Reddy Satish Kumar Reddy(TDP) | 62,019 - 32,010 | +30,009 | [55] | |||
| 9 | 2004 | Singa Reddy Satish Kumar Reddy (TDP) | 74,432 - 33,655 | +40,777 | [56] | |||||
| 10 | 2009 | Singa Reddy Satish Kumar Reddy (TDP) | 1,03,556 - 34,875 | +68,681 | [57] | |||||