| Doubs | |
| Type: | Department |
| Coordinates: | 47.1667°N 31°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | France |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté |
| Seat Type: | Prefecture |
| Seat: | Besançon |
| Parts Type: | Subprefectures |
| Parts Style: | para |
| P1: | Montbéliard Pontarlier |
| Leader Party: | LR |
| Leader Title: | President of the Departmental Council |
| Leader Name: | Christine Bouquin[1] |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 5232.6 |
| Population Rank: | 49th |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Blank Name Sec1: | Department number |
| Blank Info Sec1: | 25 |
| Blank Name Sec2: | Arrondissements |
| Blank Info Sec2: | 3 |
| Blank1 Name Sec2: | Cantons |
| Blank1 Info Sec2: | 19 |
| Blank2 Name Sec2: | Communes |
| Blank2 Info Sec2: | 571 |
| Timezone1: | CET |
| Utc Offset1: | +1 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | +2 |
| Footnotes: | French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries and lakes, ponds and glaciers larger than 1 km2 |
Doubs (; in French du/; Dubs) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in Eastern France. Named after the river Doubs, it had a population of 543,974 in 2019.[2] Its prefecture is Besançon and subprefectures are Montbéliard and Pontarlier.
See main article: Franche-Comté. As early as the 13th century, inhabitants of the northern two-thirds of Doubs spoke Franc-Comtois, a dialect of the langues d'oïl. Residents of the southern third of Doubs spoke a dialect of the Arpitan language. Both languages co-existed with French, the official language of law and commerce, and continued to be spoken frequently in rural areas into the 20th century. They are both still spoken today but not on a daily basis.
Doubs was important as a portal to Switzerland through the pass at Cluse de Pontarlier. Many famous people, including Mirabeau, Toussaint Louverture and Heinrich von Kleist, were imprisoned in the Château de Joux.
Doubs is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from part of the former province of Franche-Comté. The prefecture (capital) is Besançon.
In 1793, the republic of Mandeure was annexed by France and incorporated into the department. This district was passed between various territories and departments in the ensuing administrative reorganisations and wars, but was restored to Doubs in 1816 when the former principality of Montbéliard was also added to the department.
However, the commune of Le Cerneux-Péquignot was annexed by the Canton of Neuchâtel under the terms of the 1814 Treaty of Paris, and since remained Swiss territory.
Between the defeat of France at the Battle of Waterloo and November 1818, Doubs was included in the area occupied by Austrian troops.
Victor Hugo, Gustave Courbet, Armand Peugeot, Auguste and Louis Lumière and Frank Darabont are among the famous people born in Doubs.
Doubs is part of the current region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté and is surrounded by the French departments of Jura, Haute-Saône, and Territoire de Belfort, and the Swiss cantons of Vaud, Neuchâtel, and Jura.
The department is dominated by the Jura mountains, which rise east of Besançon.
The most populous commune is Besançon, the prefecture. As of 2019, there are 5 communes with more than 10,000 inhabitants:[2]
| Commune | Population (2019) | |
|---|---|---|
| Besançon | 117,912 | |
| Montbéliard | 25,806 | |
| Pontarlier | 17,542 | |
| Audincourt | 13,341 | |
| Valentigney | 11,272 |
The inhabitants of the department are called Doubiens.
Population development since 1791:
The President of the Departmental Council is Christine Bouquin (LR).
| Party | seats | |
|---|---|---|
| • | 24 | |
| 12 | ||
| 2 | ||
The Doubs department is at the same time the greenest and the most industrialized in France.
It is the birthplace of the automotive manufacturer Peugeot.
The castle of Joux and Besançon are important tourist destinations.