Don W. Cleveland Explained

Don W. Cleveland
Birth Date:26 August 1950
Birth Place:Waynesville, Missouri
Nationality:American
Field:Centromeres, aneuploidy and tumorigenesis
Mechanism and therapy in human neurodegenerative disease
Work Institutions:Ludwig Cancer Research
University of California, San Diego
Johns Hopkins University
Alma Mater:Princeton University (PhD)
New Mexico State University (BS)
Doctoral Advisor:Marc W. Kirschner
Academic Advisors:William Rutter
Prizes:National Academy of Sciences, 2006
American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2006
Institute of Medicine, 2012
Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, 2018

Don W. Cleveland (born 1950 in Waynesville, MO) is an American cancer biologist and neurobiologist.

Cleveland is currently the Department Chair of Cellular and Molecular Medicine[1] and Distinguished Professor of Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Neurosciences[2] at the University of California at San Diego, and Head, Laboratory for Cell Biology at the San Diego branch of Ludwig Cancer Research.[3]

Biography

Cleveland grew up in Las Cruces, New Mexico. He earned a B.S. in physics in 1972 from New Mexico State University, and graduated as the valedictorian for the College of Arts and Sciences.

Cleveland started graduate school at Princeton University in 1972, switching mid-year into biochemistry. He worked with Marc Kirschner and graduated with a Ph.D. in 1977. Cleveland's doctoral dissertation was titled "Purification and properties of tau, a microtubule associated protein which induces assembly of microtubules from purified tubulin".[4] As a graduate student, Cleveland provided the initial identification and characterization of tau, showing it to have characteristics of a natively unfolded protein.[5] Tau is now recognized to accumulate in Alzheimer's disease and to be the basis for chronic brain injury.[6] He also developed and published a peptide fingerprinting technique[7] that was so popular that it became a citation classic [8] Cleveland did postdoctoral work with William J. Rutter at the University of California at San Francisco from 1978 to 1981. Cleveland was the first to clone tubulin[9] [10] actin and keratin[11]

From 1981 through 1995, Cleveland was on the faculty of the Department of Biological Chemistry at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. In 1995, he accepted a position at the San Diego Branch of Ludwig Cancer Research at the University of California at San Diego. Since 2008, he has been Chair of the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine.

Contributions to Science

Cleveland has made pioneering discoveries of the mechanisms of chromosome movement and cell-cycle control during normal cellular division, as well as of the principles of neuronal cell development and their relationship to the defects that contribute to inherited neurodegenerative disease.[12] Cleveland's research looks at the molecular genetics of axonal growth and motor neuron disease and the cell biology of mammalian chromosome movement.[13]

Most recently, his research has achieved a significant breakthrough in treating Huntington's disease, an inherited and degenerative brain disorder for which there is no cure. A one-time injection of a new DNA-based drug treatment - known as ASO (short for antisense oligonucleotide) - blocked the activity of the gene whose mutation causes the disease. A single treatment silenced the mutated gene responsible for the disease, slowing and partially reversing progression of the fatal neurodegenerative disorder in animal models.[14] This drug, called IONIS-HTTRx, was developed by scientists at Ionis Pharmaceuticals in collaboration with partners CHDI Foundation, Roche Pharmaceuticals and academic collaborators at University of California, San Diego. The Phase 3 clinical trial was recently halted for lack of efficacy.[15]

Books

Cell and Molecular Biology of the Cytoskeleton: Molecular Mechanisms Controlling Tubulin SynthesisEdited by Jerry W. Shay(Plenum Press, 1986),

With Toni L. Williamson, Mouse Models in the Study of Genetic Neurological Disorders: Mouse Models of Amyotrophic Lateral SclerosisEdited by Brian Popko (Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 1999),

With Nicholas G. Theodorakis, Control of Messenger RNA Stability: Translationally Coupled Degradation of Tubulin mRNA Edited by Joel Belasco and George Brawerman(Academic Press, Inc., 1993)

Select honors

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Don Cleveland Named New Chair Cellular and Molecular Medicine at UC San Diego School of Medicine. Debra Kain. December 15, 2008.
  2. Web site: Four Department of Medicine Faculty Members Are on 2015 Thomson Reuters Highly Cited Researchers List. News From The Department of Medicine. Regents of the University of California. February 2, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20170124153830/https://mednews.ucsd.edu/2016/02/02/2015-thomson-reuters-highly-cited-researchers-list/. January 24, 2017. dead.
  3. Web site: DON CLEVELAND LAB. DON CLEVELAND LAB. LUDWIG INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RESEARCH LTD. September 28, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20181212203926/https://www.ludwigcancerresearch.org/location/san-diego-branch/don-cleveland-lab. December 12, 2018. dead.
  4. Book: Cleveland, Don W.. Purification and properties of tau, a microtubule associated protein which induces assembly of microtubules from purified tubulin. 1977. en.
  5. Mandelkow. E.-M.. Mandelkow. E.. Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Tau Protein in Neurofibrillary Degeneration. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine. March 20, 2012. 2. 7. a006247. 10.1101/cshperspect.a006247. 3385935. 22762014.
  6. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in athletes: progressive tauopathy after repetitive head injury.. McKee. 2009. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181a9d503. 19535999. etal. 2945234. 68. 7. 709–35.
  7. Peptide mapping by limited proteolysis in sodium dodecyl sulfate and analysis by gel electrophoresis.. Cleveland, D.W. . Fischer, S.G. . Kirschner, M.W. . Laemmli, U.K. . amp. 1977. J. Biol. Chem.. 320200 . 252 . 3. 1102–6. 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)75212-0. free.
  8. Kresge. Nicole. Simoni. Robert D.. Hill. Robert L.. The Development of Cleveland Peptide Mapping by Don W. Cleveland. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. August 18, 2006. 281. 33. e27. 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)46364-3. free.
  9. Janke. Carsten. The tubulin code: Molecular components, readout mechanisms, and functions. The Journal of Cell Biology. August 18, 2014. 206. 4. 461–472. 10.1083/jcb.201406055. 25135932. 4137062.
  10. Cleveland. Don W.. Lopata. Margaret A.. MacDonald. Raymond J.. Cowan. Nicholas J.. Rutter. William J.. Kirschner. Marc. Number and evolutionary conservation of alpha- and beta-tubulin and cytoplasmic beta- and gamma-actin genes using specific cloned cDNA probes.. Cell. May 1980. 20. 1. 95–105. 6893015. 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90238-x. 54326866.
  11. Fuchs. Elaine V.. Coppock. Susan M.. Green. Howard. Cleveland. Don W.. Two distinct classes of keratin genes and their evolutionary significance.. Cell. November 1981. 27. 1. 75–84. 6173133. 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90362-7. 38166670.
  12. Web site: Dr. Don Cleveland of Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research elected to Institute of Medicine. EurekAlert!. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).
  13. Web site: UC San Diego Researchers Cited Among "World's Most Influential Scientific Minds". UC San Diego News Center. UC San Diego.
  14. Web site: Potential treatment for Huntington's disease, found effective, safe in mice, monkeys. EurekAlert!. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).
  15. Web site: Tominersen for Huntington’s disease. Huntington's Disease News. BioNews Services LLC.
  16. Web site: UCSD Faculty Members of the National Academy of Sciences. UC San Diego.
  17. Web site: Two from UCSD School of Medicine Named Members of the Institute of Medicine.
  18. Web site: Six UCSD scholars elected fellows of American Academy of Arts and Sciences. American Academy of Arts & Sciences.
  19. Web site: ASM Society Directory. American Society for Microbiology. September 23, 2015. May 25, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170525180454/http://accounts.asm.org/directory/academy/. dead.
  20. Web site: ASM Members Elected to National Academy of Sciences. American Society for Microbiology. April 12, 2016. January 24, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170124153656/http://www.asm.org/ccLibraryFiles/FILENAME/000000002408/znw00706000338.pdf. dead.
  21. Web site: AAAS Members Elected as Fellows. December 18, 2009.
  22. Web site: President's Column. The American Society for Cell Biology.
  23. Web site: The Sheila Essey Award for ALS Research.
  24. Web site: Wings Over Wall Street Diamond Award.
  25. Web site: 2012 Commencement and Academic Convocation. June 13, 2012.
  26. Web site: A Night at the Esseys. June 5, 2014.
  27. Web site: Excellence in Postdoctoral Scholar Mentoring and Postdoctoral Scholar Awards. September 18, 2014.
  28. Web site: Ludwig scientists named to Thomson Reuters' list of world's most influential scientific minds . Ludwig Cancer Research . 2016 LUDWIG INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RESEARCH LTD . October 30, 2018.
  29. Web site: Breakthrough Prize – Life Sciences Breakthrough Prize – Laureates. breakthroughprize.org. December 13, 2021.
  30. Web site: Foundation . Nomis . Don W. Cleveland, NOMIS Distinguished Scientist Awardee 2018 . Nomis Foundation . 2016 The NOMIS Foundation, Zurich, Switzerland . October 30, 2018.
  31. Web site: American Society for Cell Biology announces 2022 honorific awards and recognition .

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