Doms in Syria explained
The Domari-speaking (or rather, historically speaking) community in Syria, commonly identified as Dom and Nawar, is estimated to number 100–250,000 or 250–300,000 people. The vast majority is sedentary. There are semi-nomadic groups, some moving outside the country. In Aleppo, the Dom community is probably the largest, while they are reported to live in Damascus, Homs and Latakia as well. The community is highly marginalised in society, and they are referred to as Qurbāṭ (ʾərbāṭ in Aleppo) and Qarač in the northern part, and Nawar (widely used in the Levant) elsewhere. These terms are used for various groups that mainly share socio-economic profile. The community is divided into clans.
The Domari are believed to have migrated from India via Persia. They seem to have been an Indian nomadic caste specializing in metalwork and entertainment. The language is Indo-Aryan, closely related to Central Indian and Dardic languages. The Dom language (Domari) in the Middle East is known as Nawari. Domari shows Turkic, Kurdish and Arabic influence. There has been a language shift into Arabic.
The exonym "Nawar" could be used sometimes offensively, denoting a contemptible and immoral lifestyle associating them with beggars, itinerants, and thieves.
During the Syrian civil war, there were several reports regarding Syrian Dom immigrants in Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
See also
Sources
- Book: Yaron. Matras. A Grammar of Domari. 1 October 2012. Walter de Gruyter. 978-3-11-029142-1. 1–.
- Williams . Allen . The Gypsies of Syria . 2001 . Dom Research Center . 1 . 4 . KURI . https://web.archive.org/web/20050123165244/http://www.domresearchcenter.com/journal/14/syria4.html . 23 January 2005.
- Herin . Bruno . 2012 . The Domari Language of Aleppo (Syria) . Linguistic Discovery . 10 . 2 . 10.1349/ps1.1537-0852.a.412 . 1537-0852. free .
- Book: Joseph C.. Berland. Aparna. Rao. Customary Strangers: New Perspectives on Peripatetic Peoples in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. 2004. Greenwood Publishing Group. 978-0-89789-771-6. 71–74.
- Book: Ian. Law. Mediterranean Racisms: Connections and Complexities in the Racialization of the Mediterranean Region. 2014. Palgrave Macmillan. 978-1-137-26348-3. 139–.
- Tarlan, K.V. (2015). From The Occupation of Iraq to ” The Arab Spring ”: Gypsies in the Middle East http://www.domresearchcenter.com/journal/current.html
- Tarlan, K.V. (2016). The Dom Gypsies: “Other” Refugees of Syria https://tr.boell.org/sites/default/files/alternatif_02_eng.pdf
- Tarlan, K.V. (2015).Irak'ın işgalinden "Arap Baharı"na Ortadoğu'da Çingeneler: Öteki sığınmacılar. Birikim Dergisi, https://www.birikimdergisi.com/kisi/6595/kemal-vural-tarlan#.Xgn5ES3BLGJ
- Tarlan, K.V., Foggo, H., (2016). Dom Migrants from Syria: Living at the Bottom on the Road amid Poverty and Discrimination. Ankara: Development Workshop, http://www.ka.org.tr/dosyalar/file/Yayinlar/Raporlar/TURKCE/04/DOM%20RAPOR%20TR.pdf
- Tarlan, K.V. (2018). Encouraging Integration and Social Cohesion of Syrian Dom Immigrants Proposal for a Regional Social Inclusion Strategy Turkey, Lebanon, and Jordan. Gaziantep: Kırkayak Kültür http://www.middleeastgypsies.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/DOM-RAPOR-EN.pdf
Notes and References
- Web site: Proposal for a Regional Social Inclusion Strategy Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan . 2020-02-15 . 2021-02-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210225093734/http://www.middleeastgypsies.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/DOM-RAPOR-EN.pdf . dead .
- Tarlan . Kemal Vural . 2017-01-01 . The Dom The Other Asylum Seekers from Syria Report.pdf . Kırkayak Kültür.
- Web site: Inventory Study on Adaptation of Syrian Refugees to Civil Life in Turkey - Citizens Assembly . 2022-05-29 . hyd.org.tr.
- Book: Tarlan, Kemal Vural . Suriyeli Dom Göçmenler "En Alttakiler" Rapor..
- Web site: Dom Research Center . 2020-02-15 . 2021-01-26 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210126145121/http://www.domresearchcenter.com/journal/current.html . dead .
