Domestic responses to the Libyan civil war (2011) explained

During the early stages of the Libyan Civil War of 2011, the Gaddafi regime was still in power: but there was widespread withdrawal of support for that regime by influential persons and organisations within the country. Among those who no longer supported the regime, the main concern they expressed was about what they regarded as its use of excessive force against peaceful protestors. There were resignations by many ministers of the governing council and other senior officials, diplomats posted abroad, and senior military officers. Islamic clerics, tribal leaders, and members of the former royal family expressed their opposition, while the two leading Libyan oil companies also withdrew support for the regime.

Government resignations

This is a list of officials who resigned or refused to take orders from the Gaddafi regime during the 2011 Libyan civil war.

Ministers

See main article: General People's Committee of Libya.

Other officials

Diplomatic service

See also: List of diplomatic missions of Libya.

Host Country/
Organization		OfficialDateNotes
ROWSPAN=2 Ambassador Abdulmoneim al-HoniNOWRAP 20 February 2011The reason for his resignation was the "oppression against protesters".[15]
The Libyan delegation to the Arab League in Cairo has renounced Gaddafi and now represents 'the people'[16] 25 February 2011They condemned his attack on "unarmed citizens".[17]
ROWSPAN=3 Ambassador Abdel Rahman Shalgham25 February 2011Did not resign, but denounced Gaddafi in a speech before the Security Council and no longer supports the regime.[18]
Deputy Ambassador Ibrahim Dabbashi21 February 2011Did not resign, but no longer supports government.[19] [20] On 26 February 2011, he stated that he supported "in principle" the alternative government being formed in Benghazi.[21]
Delegation to the Human Rights Council
Entire mission to the UN in Geneva		25 February 2011
UNESCOAmbassador Abdoulsalam El Qallali25 February 2011[22]
AustraliaMusbah Allafi20 February 2011
AustriaEmbassy staff23 February 2011The Libyan Embassy in Austria condemned 'excessive violence against peaceful demonstrators', stated that they represent the Libyan people and offered condolences to the families of the victims.[23]
BangladeshAmbassador AH Elimam20 February 2011
BelgiumAmbassador21 February 2011[24]
CanadaCounsellor Ihab Al-Mismari23 February 2011Son of Gaddafi's former protocol chief Nuri al-Mismari told the Toronto Star he resigned because embassy's chargé d'affaires was "hiding" the gravity of the deadly crackdown back home. “...killing the friends with whom I grew up, they are killing my brothers and sisters.”[25]
ChinaSecond Secretary to the ambassador Hussein Sadiq al Musrati20 February 2011He also called on the army to intervene and called for all Libya's diplomats to resign[26]
ROWSPAN=2 EgyptConsular employees in Alexandria22 February 2011Staff at the Libyan consulate in Alexandria removed the Gaddafi-era green flag and joined protestors outside[27]
Consul in Cairo Faraj Saeed al-Aribi12 May 2011The consul in Cairo said that he had quit his job and joined the rebels[28] [29]
and BeneluxAmbassador Hadeiba Alhadi and Embassy staff25 May 2011[30]
FranceAmbassador Mohamed Salaheddine Zarem25 February 2011
HungaryEmbassy staff (undefined)22 February 2011Two members of the staff left the embassy to join the protesters in front of the building.[31] On 21 March, the Libyan embassy in Budapest is seen flying the old tricolor flag which indicates that they have officially changed sides in favor of the National Transitional Council.[32]
IndiaAmbassador Ali al-Essawi21 February 2011[33]
IndonesiaAmbassador Salaheddin M. El Bishari21 February 2011[34]
JordanAmbassador Mohammed Hassan Al Barghathi24 February 2011
MalaysiaEmbassy staff22 February 2011Distanced themselves from the government and called the protests a "massacre."[35]
MaliConsul general Musa Al-Koni (later referred as "Musa Kuni")5 March 2011Later accused by Malian officials of being an "impostor" who initially recruited Tuareg mercenaries before fleeing to Paris with the money entrusted to him for that purpose.[36]
MaltaEmbassy staff22 February 2011Left the embassy to join the protestors in front of it. The embassy is now flying the flag of the protestors.
MoroccoEmbassy staff23 February 2011Staff destroyed images of Muammar Gaddafi and destroyed the Gaddafi-era flag.
NamibiaSecond-highest ranking diplomat Saad Bakar3 March 2011The second-highest ranking diplomat in Namibia, Saad Bakar, his wife and four children has left for a Mediterranean country to join the opposition movement.
NetherlandsEmbassy staff8 March 2011Replacement of the Gaddafi-era flag with the Libyan 1951–1969 flag as used by the 2011 protesters; no further comments were made.[37]
PolandAmbassador22 February 2011[38]
PortugalAmbassador Ali Ibrahim Emdored25 February 2011[39]
SomaliaAmbassador Issa Ashur26 February 2011Announced he is "joining the revolution", and would continue to carry out his duties "as a representative of the Libyan people"[40]
SwedenAmbassador;
Deputy Ambassador Abdelmagid Buzrigh;
non-diplomatic staff		23 February 2011After days of protests, the embassy announced on 23 February that they no longer support Gaddafi and lifted the former Libyan flag[41] [42]
SwitzerlandEmbassy staff11 March 2011"The members of the embassy no longer have any link to the regime of Muammar Gaddafi, and call on all countries to follow the example set by the Republic of France in recognising the National Transitional Council which represents the interests of the Libyan people".[43]
Ambassador Ali Suleiman Aujali;22 February 2011However, he resigned on 22 February saying he does not serve the "dictatorship."[44] On 26 February 2011, he stated that he supported the efforts to form an alternative government in Benghazi.[45]

Contrary to previous reports, the Ambassador of Libya to the United Kingdom has not resigned, but did not want to discuss his support for Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi.[33]

According to the Toronto Star, the Ambassador of Libya to Canada is on "sick leave".According to the CNN Library, which was updated on March 29, 2017 "Libyan diplomats at the United Nations, including Libyan Deputy Ambassador Ibrahim Dabbashi, took the side of the opposition and demanded the removal of "the tyrant Moammar Gadhafi."
On February 25, 2011, the full Libyan delegation to the Arab League resigned.[4] [46]

A growing number of Libyan embassies around the world have started to fly the former flag of Libya used between 1951 and 1969.[47]

Military

Business actions

The Arabian Gulf Oil Company, the second largest state-owned oil company in Libya, announced plans to use oil funds to support anti-Gaddafi forces.[54] On April 6, 2011, an oil tanker led by Libyan opposition was captured and sent to Qatar. The head of the National Oil Corporation and former prime minister, Shokri Ghanem, defected in Italy.[4]

By 27 February, Libya's biggest oil company, Agaco, turned against the Gaddafi government.[55]

Other leaders

Islamic leaders and clerics in Libya, notably the Network of Free Ulema – Libya urged all Muslims to rebel against Gaddafi.[56] [57]

The Warfalla, Tuareg and Magarha tribes have announced their support of the protesters.[58] [59] The Zuwayya tribe, based in eastern Libya, have threatened to cut off oil exports from fields in their part of the country if Libyan security forces continued attacking demonstrators.[60]

Former royals

Libyan-throne claimant, Mohammed El Senussi, sent his condolences "for the heroes who have laid down their lives, killed by the brutal forces of Gaddafi" and called on the international community "to halt all support for the dictator with immediate effect."[61] Senussi said that the protesters would be "victorious in the end" and calls for international support to end the violence.[62]

On 24 February, Senussi gave an interview to Al Jazeera English where he called upon the international community to help remove Gaddafi from power and stop the ongoing "massacre".[63] He has dismissed talk of a civil war saying "The Libyan people and the tribes have proven they are united".

Questioned about what shape a new government could take, and whether the 1951 royal constitution could be revived, Senussi said that such questions are "premature and are issues that are to be decided by the Libyan people," adding that for now the priority is to stop the "killing of innocent people." On whether he desires to return to Libya he says "The Senussi family considers itself as in the service of the Libyan people."[64] When asked about reestablishing the monarchy, he stated that he "is a servant to Libyan people, and they decide what they want".[65]

The White House said it will not specify which individuals and groups it is working and reaching out with, when asked if it supports Senussi's calls for international support.[66]

In an interview with Asharq Al-Awsat, he stated that it is too early to answer if the monarchy in Libya could be restored and if he will be active in Libyan politics. He also says the main objective is to end the violence on the streets in Libya.

On 3 March, it was announced that he planned to return to Libya.[67] On 4 March, he called the West to use airstrikes against Gaddafi after his contacts in Libya told him they need airstrikes. He also argued that a no-fly zone would be insufficient but later calls for the no-fly zone.[68]

He later stated that international community needs "less talk and more action" to stop the violence.[69] He has asked for a no-fly zone over Libya but does not support foreign ground troops.[70] He has also stated that a no-fly zone is the only way to stop Gaddafi who he has said is relying completely on the air force.[71]

In an interview with Adnkronos, a rival claimant to the throne, Idris bin Abdullah al-Senussi, announced he was ready to return to the country once change had been initiated.[72] On 21 February 2011, Idris made an appearance on Piers Morgan Tonight to discuss the uprising.[73]

On 24 February, his brother Hashem called on Gaddafi "to have mercy" on the demonstrators, just as he did with members of the former Royal Family in 1969 when he allowed them to leave the country unharmed after the coup that overthrew the monarchy.[74]

On 3 March, it was reported that Prince Al Senussi Zouber Al Senussi had fled Libya with his family and was seeking asylum in Totebo, Sweden.[75]

On 17 March, Prince Mohamed Hilal El Senussi returned to Libya after 41 years in exile.[76]

Public reaction

During the Battle of Sirte, residents of Sirte expressed condemnation against the rebels and NATO. According to one resident, "The rebels are worse than rats. NATO is the same as Osama bin Laden." According to another local woman, "We lived in democracy under Muammer Gaddafi, he was not a dictator. I lived in freedom, Libyan women had full human rights. It isn't that we need Muammer Gaddafi again, but we want to live just as we did before." A local elderly woman stated "They are killing our children. Why are they doing this? For what? Life was good before!"[77]

References

Notes and References

  1. http://press.org/events/global-media-center-dr-ali-errishi Global Media Center: Dr. Ali Errishi
  2. http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1103/06/sotu.01.html Transcript
  3. News: Libya justice minister resigns to protest 'excessive use of force' against protesters . Haaretz Newspaper . 21 February 2011 . 2011-02-21.
  4. http://edition.cnn.com/2013/09/20/world/libya-civil-war-fast-facts/index.html/2011 Libya Civil War Fast Facts
  5. News: Live Blog - Libya Feb 22 . Al Jazeera Blogs . Al Jazeera . 2011-02-22 . 2011-02-27.
  6. News: 29 July 2011 . Libyan rebel commander Abdel Fattah Younes killed . 25 January 2012 . BBC.
  7. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12776418 Gaddafi forces push rebels back
  8. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/jun/01/libya-oil-minister-defects-ghanem Libya's oil minister defects to 'fight for democracy'
  9. News: NATO Attack Destroys Much of Qaddafi Compound. The New York Times. Helene. Cooper. Washington D.C., U.S.A.. 7 June 2011. 7 June 2011.
  10. News: Egypt Airport Officials Libyan Interior Minister Arrives in Cairo with Family Members . https://web.archive.org/web/20110815121258/http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle-east/egypt-airport-officials-libyan-interior-minister-arrives-in-cairo-with-family-members/2011/08/15/gIQAYSoZGJ_story.html . 2011-08-15 . dead.
  11. News: Live Blog - Libya Feb 23 . Al Jazeera Blogs . Al Jazeera . 23 February 2011 . 27 February 2011 . 23 February 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110223065752/http://blogs.aljazeera.net/africa/2011/02/22/live-blog-libya-feb-23 . dead .
  12. News: Live Blog - Libya Feb 24 . Al Jazeera Blogs . Al Jazeera . 2011-02-24 . 2011-02-27 . 2012-01-17 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120117134334/http://blogs.aljazeera.net/africa/2011/02/23/live-blog-libya-feb-24 . dead .
  13. News: Abdelatti . Ali . Werr . Patrick . Libya's prosecutor general says joins opposition . Reuters . 2011-02-25 . 2011-02-26.
  14. Web site: Libyan officials abandon Gaddafi regime en masse Asharq Alawsat Newspaper (English) . 2011-02-26 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110226115608/http://www.aawsat.com/english/news.asp?section=1&id=24296 . 2011-02-26 . dead .
  15. News: Libya Arab League envoy resigns - Al Jazeera . https://web.archive.org/web/20110223013154/http://af.reuters.com/article/energyOilNews/idAFLDE71J0N420110220 . dead . February 23, 2011 . Reuters Africa . Thomson Reuters . February 20, 2011 . 2011-03-01.
  16. News: Gabbatt . Adam . Taylor . Matthew . Owen . Paul . Davis . Rowenna . 3.41pm . Libya in turmoil – live updates . . United Kingdom . February 25, 2011 . 2011-02-27.
  17. News: Adams . Richard . Libya's turmoil – Friday 25 February . News Blog . The Guardian . UK . 2011-02-25 . 2011-02-27.
  18. News: Chappell . Bill . Libyan Ambassador Denounces Gadhafi At U.N. . . 2011-02-25 . 2011-03-01.
  19. News: Western nations urge Security Council to demand immediate end to Libyan crackdown on civilians . Associated Press, The Canadian Press . . 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110224044505/http://www.google.com/hostednews/canadianpress/article/ALeqM5g301v8CNJTJO9kOWuJGWyZBnHJpw?docId=6022291 . dead . February 24, 2011 . 2011-02-26.
  20. News: LIBYA: U.N. diplomats resign in protest . Babylon & Beyond . . 2011-02-21 . 2011-02-26.
  21. News: Interim Libyan govt wins support . Al Jazeera English . 2011-02-27 . 2011-03-01.
  22. News: Libyan ambassadors in France back revolt . Reuters Africa . Thomson Reuters . 2011-02-22 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120119161846/http://af.reuters.com/article/libyaNews/idAFLDE71L1ZU20110222 . dead . 2012-01-19 . 2011-03-01.
  23. News: Libyan Embassy in Austria condemns 'excessive violence against peaceful demonstrators' . The Canadian Press . Google News . 23 February 2011 . 2011-02-25.
  24. News: Libyan Ambassador to Belgium, Head of Mission to EU Resigns . . 21 February 2011 . 2011-02-21 . http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160522222730/http://www.english.globalarabnetwork.com/201102219940/Libya-Politics/libyan-ambassador-in-belgium-head-of-mission-to-eu-resigns.html . 22 May 2016 . dead . dmy-all .
  25. News: Libyan diplomat in Ottawa quits . . Yahoo! News . 23 February 2011 . 2011-02-23.
  26. News: Libyan diplomat in China resigns over unrest . Agence France-Presse . Google News . 21 February 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110224044223/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gsfRzZOlaHX2n1PDDMG5pMt-5zyg?docId=CNG.6edc8c32f659a479171f46fdb59fcead.231 . dead . February 24, 2011 . 2011-02-21.
  27. News: Zayed . Dina . Staff of Libyan consulate in Egypt lower flag . Reuters . 2011-02-22 . 2011-03-01.
  28. News: Libya Live Blog . Al Jazeera . 2011-05-12 . 2011-05-12 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110511110434/http://blogs.aljazeera.net/live/africa/libya-live-blog-0 . 2011-05-11 .
  29. News: Libyan Rebels Advance as They Seek Further Help From U.S., U.K. - Bloomberg. Steve Bryant. Mariam Fam. 13 May 2011. 2011-05-14.
  30. Web site: L'ambassadeur de Libye auprès de l'UE fait défection. 26 May 2011. 2011-05-28.
  31. News: Szabolcs . Barakonyi . Tüntettek Líbia budapesti követségénél . hu. . 2011-02-22 . 2011-03-01.
  32. News: A lázadók zászlója leng a budapesti követségen . hu . . 2011-03-21 . 2011-03-22.
  33. News: February 21 . Live Blog - Libya . Al Jazeera Blogs . 21 February 2011 . 2011-02-26.
  34. News: Libya's ambassador to India resigns in protest against violence: BBC . Reuters . . 21 February 2011 . 2011-03-01.
  35. News: Libyan Embassy in Malaysia condemns 'massacre,' distances itself from Gaddafi's regime . Associated Press, The Canadian Press . Yahoo! News Canada . 2011-02-22 . 2011-02-26 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110226020708/http://ca.news.yahoo.com/libyan-embassy-malaysia-condemns-massacre-distances-itself-gadhafis-20110221-233924-499.html . 2011-02-26 .
  36. Web site: Des élus maliens affirment que Mousa Al-Koni est "un imposteur" . 2011-03-10 . 2011-07-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110707092556/http://www.africa1.com/spip.php?article8971 . dead .
  37. Vlag revolutie op consulaat Libië, Nederlandse Omroep Stichting (8 March 2011)
  38. News: Libyan diplomats defect en masse . Al Jazeera English . 2011-02-22 . 2011-03-01.
  39. News: Libyan ambassador to Portugal quits in protest . Associated Press . Jerusalem Post . 2011-02-25 . 2011-03-01.
  40. News: 1455 . As it happened: Libya revolt on Saturday . . 2011-02-26 . 2011-03-01.
  41. News: Libyan embassy staff in Sweden quit over violence . AFP . The Swedish Wire . 2011-02-21 . 2011-03-01 . 2011-02-26 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110226021931/http://www.swedishwire.com/politics/8692-libyan-embassy-staff-in-sweden-quit-over-violence . dead .
  42. News: Skarin . Anna . Ambassaden hissar Libyens frihetsflagga . sv . . 2011-02-22 . 2011-02-26 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110225094623/http://www.expressen.se/nyheter/1.2340039/ambassaden-hissar-libyens-frihetsflagga . 2011-02-25 . dead .
  43. Web site: Libyan embassy cuts ties to Gaddafi regime.
  44. News: UPDATE 1-Libya's US ambassador resigns from 'dictatorship' . Reuters Africa . 22 February 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110225042334/http://af.reuters.com/article/libyaNews/idAFN2227065120110222 . dead . 25 February 2011 . 2011-02-22.
  45. News: Mohammed . Arshad . Simao . Paul . UPDATE 1-EXCLUSIVE-Libya envoy to U.S. backs interim government . Reuters Africa . Thomson Reuters . 2011-02-26 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110305222935/http://af.reuters.com/article/energyOilNews/idAFN2613766620110226 . dead . 2011-03-05 . 2011-03-01.
  46. http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/spotlight/libya/2011/10/20111020104244706760.html/Battle for Libya: Key moments
  47. News: Fahim . Kareem . Kirkpatrick . David D. . Otterman . Sharon . El-Naggar . Mona . MacFarquhar . Neil . Stack . Liam . Qaddafi's Grip on the Capital Tightens as Revolt Grows . 2 . . 2011-02-22 . 2011-03-01.
  48. Web site: Live Blog - Libya March 1 | al Jazeera Blogs . 2011-03-01 . 2011-03-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110308201202/http://blogs.aljazeera.net/live/africa/live-blog-libya-march-1 . dead .
  49. News: Scicluna . Christopher . Abdallah . Diana . Two Libyan fighter pilots defect, fly to Malta . Reuters . 2011-02-21 . 2011-03-01.
  50. News: Qaddafi's Hold on Libya Weakens in Protest Wave . AP . . 2011-02-21 . 2011-03-01.
  51. Battle for Libya: Key moments/Revolt and aftermath in Libya, 2011–12
  52. Web site: Archived copy . 2012-02-28 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130720100535/http://archive.libyafeb17.com/2011/03/crowd-mourns-ali-hassan-al-jabir/ . 2013-07-20 . dead .
  53. News: Libya's Defectors . The New York Times . 2013-08-07 . David . Botti . 2011-02-28 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110228131256/http://video.nytimes.com/video/2011/02/25/world/africa/100000000664162/tc-022511-libya.html?ref=libya . dead .
  54. https://web.archive.org/web/20110314105618/http://af.reuters.com/article/libyaNews/idAFL3E7EB03B20110311 "Libya's Arabian Gulf Oil Co Hopes To Fund Rebels Via Crude Sales-FT"
  55. News: Top Libyan oil firm staff join protests - Quryna . Reuters Africa . Thomson Reuters . 2011-02-26 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110302021129/http://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFLDE71P0HG20110226 . dead . 2011-03-02 . 2011-03-01.
  56. Web site: Staff writer. Live Blog  - Libya . . 17 February 2011 . 17 March 2011.
  57. News: Update 1-Libyan Islamic Leaders Urge Muslims To Rebel . https://web.archive.org/web/20110221201923/http://af.reuters.com/article/libyaNews/idAFLDE71K1TQ20110221 . dead . 21 February 2011 . . 9 February 2011 . 21 February 2011 .
  58. News: Gaddafi Defiant as State Teeters . Africa . . 23 February 2011 . 23 February 2011.
  59. News: Libya Crisis: What Role Do Tribal Loyalties Play? . . 21 February 2011.
  60. News: Hussein . Mohammed . Libya Crisis: What Role Do Tribal Loyalties Play? . BBC News. 22 February 2011.
  61. News: Salama, Vivian. Libya's Crown Prince Says Protesters Will Defy 'Brutal Forces'. . 22 February 2011 . 17 March 2011 .
  62. News: Gamuchian, Marie-Louise. Gaddafi nears his end, exiled Libyan prince says. . 22 February 2011 . 7 December 2020 .
  63. News: Libya's 'Crown Prince' Makes Appeal  - Muhammad al-Senussi Calls for the International Community To Help Remove Muammar Gaddafi from Power. . 24 February 2011 . 17 March 2011 .
  64. News: . Alexander, Caroline . Libya's Prince Senussi Says Tribes Are United Against Qaddafi . . 25 February 2011 . 17 March 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110301172029/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-02-25/libya-s-prince-senussi-says-tribes-are-united-against-qaddafi.html . 1 March 2011 .
  65. Web site: Exiled Libyan Crown Prince Says Kadhafi Must Step Down . . 26 February 2011 . 17 March 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110311190244/http://www.newstimeafrica.com/archives/16512 . 11 March 2011 . dead . dmy-all .
  66. Web site: U.S. Hesitates To Support Crown Prince and Define Post-Gaddafi Libya . . Singh, Tejinder . 28 February 2011 . 17 March 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110302215537/http://www.allheadlinenews.com/briefs/articles/90036798 . 2 March 2011.
  67. Web site: The Libyan School of Economics . Weiss, Michael . Arma Virumque (blog of The New Criterion) . 1 March 2011 . 17 March 2011.
  68. News: Exiled Prince Calls for Airstrikes . The Australian . 5 March 2011. 17 March 2011.
  69. News: Libya's 'Exiled Prince' Urges World Action . Agence France-Presse . Khaleej Times . 9 March 2011 . 17 March 2011 . 13 July 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110713151457/http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticle09.asp?xfile=data%2Finternational%2F2011%2FMarch%2Finternational_March491.xml&section=international . dead .
  70. News: Libyan Crown Prince Urges No-Fly Zone, Air Strikes . Johnston, Cynthia. . 9 March 2011. 17 March 2011.
  71. Web site: Liyan Crown Prince Urges No-Fly Zone, Air Strikes . . 16 March 2011 .
  72. News: it . Libia, principe Idris: "Gheddafi assecondi popolo o il Paese finirà in fiamme" . . 16 February 2011 . 17 March 2011 .
  73. News: Krakauer, Steve . Who Is Moammer Gadhafi? Piers Morgan Explores the Man at the Center of Libya's Uprising . Piers Morgan Tonight (blog of Piers Morgan Tonight via CNN) . 21 February 2011 . 17 March 2011 . 6 March 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110306135512/http://piersmorgan.blogs.cnn.com/2011/02/21/who-is-moammer-gadhafi-piers-morgan-explores-the-man-at-the-center-of-libya/ . dead .
  74. News: Manila, Alfano . it. Il nipote di re Idris: "Al colonnello chiedo pietà per i miei fratelli" . . 24 February 2011 . 17 March 2011.
  75. News: Libyan Royal Family Seeking Swedish Asylum . Tidningarnas Telegrambyrå . Stockholm News . 3 March 2011 . 17 March 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110716144819/http://www.stockholmnews.com/more.aspx?NID=6842 . 16 July 2011.
  76. Web site: EL SENUSSI: The Libyan Tea Party . . 18 March 2011.
  77. News: Sherlock. Ruth. Gaddafi loyalists stranded as battle for Sirte rages. 28 October 2011. The Daily Telegraph. 2 October 2011. London.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Domestic responses to the Libyan civil war (2011)".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.