| Dolní Lomná | |
| Other Name: | Polish: Łomna Dolna |
| Settlement Type: | Municipality |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Moravian-Silesian |
| Subdivision Type2: | District |
| Subdivision Name2: | Frýdek-Místek |
| Pushpin Map: | Czech Republic |
| Pushpin Relief: | 1 |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in the Czech Republic |
| Coordinates: | 49.5478°N 18.7061°W |
| Established Title: | First mentioned |
| Established Date: | 1684 |
| Area Total Km2: | 26.99 |
| Elevation M: | 460 |
| Population As Of: | 2024-01-01 |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Total: | 920 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone1: | CET |
| Utc Offset1: | +1 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | +2 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 739 91 |
Dolní Lomná (Polish: {{Audio-nohelp|Lomna Dolna.ogg|Łomna Dolna, German: Nieder Lomna) is a municipality and village in Frýdek-Místek District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants. The municipality has a significant Polish minority.
The name is borrowed from an older name of the Lomná River (mentioned in 1592 as Lomny), which itself is derived from the word lom ("turn", "bend").[2]
Dolní Lomná is located about southeast of Frýdek-Místek and 41km (25miles) southeast of Ostrava, in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. The municipal territory borders Slovakia on the south. It lies in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids mountain range and within the Beskydy Protected Landscape Area. The highest point is near the top of the Kozubová mountain at 980m (3,220feet) above sea level. The Lomná River flows through the municipality.
The settlement on the territory of the village in the Lomná river valley in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids began in the middle of the 17th century. The village was first mentioned in 1684 as Lomna. It belonged then to the Duchy of Teschen, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia.[2] [3]
After Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. Lomna as a single municipality was subscribed to the political district of Cieszyn and the legal district of Jablunkov. In 1873 two separate settlements were recognised: Dolní Lomná (as Dolny Lomna) and Horní Lomná (as Wrchny Lomna). They were divided into two separate municipalities on 1 January 1890. According to the censuses conducted in 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 857 in 1890 to 912 in 1910. In 1910 the majority of the inhabitants were native Polish-speakers (95.1%) accompanied by a German-speaking minority (32 or 3.5%) and Czech-speaking people (13 or 1.4%). In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were Roman Catholics (82.5%), followed by Protestants (17.3%) and Jews (2 people).[4]
After World War I, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, Dolní Lomná became a part of Czechoslovakia. Following the Munich Agreement, in October 1938 together with the Trans-Olza region it was annexed by Poland, administratively adjoined to Cieszyn County of Silesian Voivodeship.[5] It was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Czechoslovakia.
From 1980 to 1990 Dolní Lomná was an administrative part of Jablunkov.[6]
Polish minority makes up 18.8% of the population.[7]
There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality.
There are no protected cultural monuments.[8] The Lomná Museum is located in the wooden house which belonged to the local school. The original building from 1852 was moved to the Wallachian Open Air Museum in 1974; the current wooden house is its replica.[9]