| Dolakha Newar | |
| Also Known As: | Dolakhāe Newar Dolakhā Newār |
| Nativename: | Nepal Bhasa; Newari: , Dwālkhā Nepal Bhasa |
| States: | Nepal |
| Speakers: | 5,000–10,000 |
| Date: | no date |
| Familycolor: | Sino-Tibetan |
| Fam2: | Tibeto-Burman |
| Fam3: | Mahakiranti |
| Fam4: | Newaric |
| Fam5: | Newar |
| Isoexception: | dialect |
| Glotto: | east2773 |
| Glottorefname: | Eastern Newari |
Dolakha Newar (endonym Dwālkhā Nepal Bhasa), or Eastern Newar, is a divergent dialect of the Newar language (Nepal Bhasa) spoken in Dolakha District, east of the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal, by 5,645 Newar people as of 1988. Some speakers of Dolakha Newar can be found in Kathmandu for education or work.[1]
Dolakha Newar is spoken in Dolakha town of Dolakha district, Tauthali of Sindupalchowk district, Listi and Duti of Kavre district.[2]
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar | Retroflex | (Alveolo-) palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop/ Affricate | voiceless | pronounced as /p/ | pronounced as /t/ | pronounced as /ʈ/ | pronounced as /tɕ/ | pronounced as /k/ | |
| aspirated | pronounced as /pʰ/ | pronounced as /tʰ/ | pronounced as /ʈʰ/ | pronounced as /tɕʰ/ | pronounced as /kʰ/ | ||
| voiced | pronounced as /b/ | pronounced as /d/ | pronounced as /ɖ/ | pronounced as /dʑ/ | pronounced as /ɡ/ | ||
| murmured | pronounced as /bʱ/ | pronounced as /dʱ/ | pronounced as /ɖʱ/ | pronounced as /dʑʱ/ | pronounced as /ɡʱ/ | ||
| Fricative | pronounced as /s/ | pronounced as /h/ | |||||
| Nasal | voiced | pronounced as /m/ | pronounced as /n/ | pronounced as /ŋ/ | |||
| murmured | |||||||
| Tap | voiced | (pronounced as /ɾ/) | pronounced as /[ɽ]/ | ||||
| murmured | pronounced as /[ɾʱ]/ | pronounced as /[ɽʱ]/ | |||||
| Lateral | voiced | pronounced as /l/ | |||||
| murmured | |||||||
| Approximant | voiced | pronounced as /w/ | pronounced as /j/ | ||||
| murmured | |||||||
| Front | Central | Back | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | nasal | short | long | nasal | short | long | nasal | |
| Close | pronounced as /i/ | pronounced as /iː/ | pronounced as /ĩ/ | pronounced as /u/ | pronounced as /uː/ | pronounced as /ũ/ | |||
| Close-mid | pronounced as /e/ | pronounced as /eː/ | pronounced as /ẽ/ | pronounced as /o/ | pronounced as /oː/ | pronounced as /õ/ | |||
| Mid | (pronounced as /ə/) | (pronounced as /əː/) | (pronounced as /ə̃/) | pronounced as /ɔ/~pronounced as /ɑ/ | pronounced as /ɔː/~pronounced as /ɑː/ | pronounced as /ɔ̃/~pronounced as /ɑ̃/ | |||
| Open-mid | |||||||||
| Open | pronounced as /a/ | pronounced as /aː/ | pronounced as /ã/ | ||||||
| Front | Central | Back | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| oral | nasal | oral | nasal | oral | nasal | ||
| Diphthong | Close | pronounced as /ui/ | pronounced as /uĩ/ | ||||
| Mid | pronounced as /ei/ | pronounced as /eĩ/ | pronounced as /ɔi/ | pronounced as /ɔĩ/ | pronounced as /ɔu/ | pronounced as /ɔũ/ | |
| Open | pronounced as /ai/ | pronounced as /aĩ/ | pronounced as /au/ | pronounced as /aũ/ | |||
| No. | Dolakha Newar | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | thi | |
| 2 | ní | |
| 3 | sõ | |
| 4 | pe | |
| 5 | ŋā | |
| 6 | khu | |
| 7 | nas | |
| 8 | cyā | |
| 9 | gu | |
| 10 | ji(m) |