Ot Danum language explained

Ot Danum
Also Known As:	Dohoi
States:	Indonesia
Region:	Kalimantan
Ethnicity:	Ot Danum people
Date:	2007
Ref:	e18
Familycolor:	Austronesian
Fam2:	Malayo-Polynesian
Fam3:	West Barito
Fam4:	North
Iso3:	otd
Glotto:	otda1235
Glottorefname:	Ot Danum

Ot Danum is a Barito language of the central Borneo, Indonesia, spoken by the Ot Danum people. Dialects include Cihie and Dohoi.^[1]

Phonology

Consonants

		Labial	Alveolar	(Alveolo-) palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal		pronounced as /ink/	pronounced as /ink/	pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /ink/
Plosive/ Affricate	voiceless	pronounced as /ink/	pronounced as /ink/	pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /ink/
	voiced	pronounced as /ink/	pronounced as /ink/	pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /ink/
Fricative		pronounced as /link/	(pronounced as /ink/)	pronounced as /link/		pronounced as /ink/
Rhotic	trill		pronounced as /ink/
	tap		pronounced as /link/
Approximant				pronounced as /link/

• /ɕ/ may also be heard as [s] in free variation. In word-final position, it can be approximantized as [ɕ̞].
• /ɾ/ can be heard as [l] in word-final position.
• Prenasalization is said to also occur among voiced stops /b, d, d͡ʑ, ɡ/ in word-initial and intervocalic positions as [ᵐb, ⁿd, ᶮd͡ʑ, ᵑɡ].
• Stop sounds /p, t, k/ in word-final position are heard as unreleased [p̚, t̚, k̚].
• /h/ is heard as labialized [hʷ] when occurring anywhere within the position of /u/, and heard as a fronted velar [x̟] when occurring in the position of /i/.

Consonant fronting

Consonant fronting as well as laminalizing occurs among the following consonants when anywhere within the position of /i/. The allophones are heard as following:

Phoneme	Allophone
pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /link/
pronounced as //nd//	pronounced as /[n̪d̪]/
pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /link/, pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /link/
pronounced as /link/	pronounced as /link/

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	pronounced as /link/		pronounced as /link/
Mid	pronounced as /link/		pronounced as /link/
Open		pronounced as /link/

• /a/ can also be heard as [ɐ] in free variation.
• /i, u/ are heard as [ɪ, ʊ] when preceding a vowel.^[2]

Notes and References

1. Bamba, John (ed.) (2008). Mozaik Dayak keberagaman subsuku dan bahasa Dayak di Kalimantan Barat. Pontianak: Institut Dayakologi. .
2. Book: Inagaki, Kazuya . Phonemic sketch of Dohoi/Kadorih . Kyoto University Research Information Repository . 2005 . Kyoto University Linguistic Research 24 . 15-43.