Dobrava-Belgrade orthohantavirus explained

Dobrava-Belgrade orthohantavirus (DOBV), also known as Dobrava virus, is an enveloped, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus species of Old World Orthohantavirus. It is one of several species of Hantavirus that is the causative agent of severe Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. It was first isolated in 1985 from a yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis) found in the village of Dobrava, southeastern Slovenia.^{[1] [2]} It was subsequently isolated in striped field mice in Russia and other parts of Eastern Europe. It has also been found in Germany but the reservoir host there is unknown.^[3]

Phylogeny

Four genotypes are described:^[4]

• Dobrava, observed mostly in southeastern Europe
• Kurkino, observed throughout northern and eastern Europe
• Saaremaa, observed in Estonia and Slovakia
• Sochi, observed in the Black Sea coast region of Russia

Disease

Clinical presentation varies between the four genotypes. Dobrava is the most virulent, with a case-fatality rate (CFR) of 10 to 12%, followed by Sochi, which has a CFR greater than 6%, then Kurkino, which has a CFR 0.3% to 0.9%, and lastly Saaremaa, which seems to mainly be subclinical as illness has not been reported despite a relatively high rate of seropositivity.^[4]

Natural reservoir

The four genotypes each have their own natural reservoir:^[4]

• Dobrava: Yellow-necked mouse
• Kurkino: Striped field mouse
• Saaremaa: Striped field mouse
• Sochi: Black Sea field mouse

See also

• Hantavirus vaccine
• Sangassou virus
• Conjunctival suffusion
• List of cutaneous conditions
• Sweating sickness, which may have been caused by a hantavirus
• 1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak

External links

• Sloan Science and Film / Short Films / Muerto Canyon by Jen Peel 29 minutes
• "Hantaviruses, with emphasis on Four Corners Hantavirus" by Brian Hjelle, M.D., Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico
• CDC's Hantavirus Technical Information Index page
• Viralzone: Hantavirus
• Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Bunyaviridae
• Occurrences and deaths in North and South America

Notes and References

1. Avsic-Zupanc T, Xiao SY, Stojanovic R, Gligic A, van der Groen G, LeDuc JW . Oct 1992 . Characterization of Dobrava virus: a Hantavirus from Slovenia, Yugoslavia . J Med Virol . 38 . 2. 132–7 . 1360999 . 10.1002/jmv.1890380211 . 30221111 .
2. Mišja mrzlica in virus Dobrava v Sloveniji . sl . Hemorrhagic Fever and the Dobrava Virus in Slovenia . 1995 . UJMA . 11 . 155–160 . Miha . Likar . 2021-06-21 . 2021-06-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204121/http://www.sos112.si/slo/tdocs/ujma/1997/155_160.pdf . dead .
3. Schlegel Mathias . Klempa Boris . Auste Brita . Bemmann Margrit . Schmidt-Chanasit Jonas . Büchner Thomas . Groschup Martin H. . Meier Markus . Balkema-Buschmann Anne . Zoller Hinrich . Krüger Detlev H. . Ulrich Rainer G. . 2009 . Dobrava-Belgrade Virus Spillover Infections, Germany . Emerging Infectious Diseases. 15 . 12. 2017–20 . 19961690 . 3044545 . 10.3201/eid1512.090923 .
4. Klempa B, Avsic-Zupanc T, Clement J, Dzagurova TK, Henttonen H, Heyman P, Jakab F, Kruger DH, Maes P, Papa A, Tkachenko EA, Ulrich RG, Vapalahti O, Vaheri A. 2013. Complex evolution and epidemiology of Dobrava-Belgrade hantavirus: definition of genotypes and their characteristics.. Arch Virol. 158. 3. 521–529. 10.1007/s00705-012-1514-5. 3586401. 23090188.