DLL4 explained

Delta-like 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DLL4 gene.^{[1] [2]}

This gene is a homolog of the Drosophila delta gene. The delta gene family encodes Notch ligands that are characterized by a DSL domain, EGF repeats, and a transmembrane domain.

Further reading

• Yoneya T, Tahara T, Nagao K, Yamada Y, Yamamoto T, Osawa M, Miyatani S, Nishikawa M . Molecular cloning of delta-4, a new mouse and human Notch ligand . Journal of Biochemistry . 129 . 1 . 27–34 . January 2001 . 11134954 . 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a002832 .
• Yan XQ, Sarmiento U, Sun Y, Huang G, Guo J, Juan T, Van G, Qi MY, Scully S, Senaldi G, Fletcher FA . A novel Notch ligand, Dll4, induces T-cell leukemia/lymphoma when overexpressed in mice by retroviral-mediated gene transfer . Blood . 98 . 13 . 3793–9 . December 2001 . 11739188 . 10.1182/blood.V98.13.3793 . free .
• Mailhos C, Modlich U, Lewis J, Harris A, Bicknell R, Ish-Horowicz D . Delta4, an endothelial specific notch ligand expressed at sites of physiological and tumor angiogenesis . Differentiation; Research in Biological Diversity . 69 . 2–3 . 135–44 . December 2001 . 11798067 . 10.1046/j.1432-0436.2001.690207.x .
• Dorsch M, Zheng G, Yowe D, Rao P, Wang Y, Shen Q, Murphy C, Xiong X, Shi Q, Gutierrez-Ramos JC, Fraser C, Villeval JL . Ectopic expression of Delta4 impairs hematopoietic development and leads to lymphoproliferative disease . Blood . 100 . 6 . 2046–55 . September 2002 . 12200365 . 10.1182/blood.V100.6.2046. free .
• Liu ZJ, Shirakawa T, Li Y, Soma A, Oka M, Dotto GP, Fairman RM, Velazquez OC, Herlyn M . Regulation of Notch1 and Dll4 by vascular endothelial growth factor in arterial endothelial cells: implications for modulating arteriogenesis and angiogenesis . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 23 . 1 . 14–25 . January 2003 . 12482957 . 140667 . 10.1128/MCB.23.1.14-25.2003 .
• Tohda S, Murata-Ohsawa M, Sakano S, Nara N . Notch ligands, Delta-1 and Delta-4 suppress the self-renewal capacity and long-term growth of two myeloblastic leukemia cell lines . International Journal of Oncology . 22 . 5 . 1073–9 . May 2003 . 12684674 . 10.3892/ijo.22.5.1073 .
• Shawber CJ, Das I, Francisco E, Kitajewski J . Notch signaling in primary endothelial cells . Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences . 995 . 1. 162–70 . May 2003 . 12814948 . 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb03219.x . 2003NYASA.995..162S . 25058168 .
• Lauret E, Catelain C, Titeux M, Poirault S, Dando JS, Dorsch M, Villeval JL, Groseil A, Vainchenker W, Sainteny F, Bennaceur-Griscelli A . Membrane-bound delta-4 notch ligand reduces the proliferative activity of primitive human hematopoietic CD34+CD38low cells while maintaining their LTC-IC potential . Leukemia . 18 . 4 . 788–97 . April 2004 . 14990974 . 10.1038/sj.leu.2403288 . 6608609 .
• Zhang Z, Henzel WJ . Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites . Protein Science . 13 . 10 . 2819–24 . October 2004 . 15340161 . 2286551 . 10.1110/ps.04682504 .
• McKeane DP, Meyer J, Dobrin SE, Melmed KM, Ekawardhani S, Tracy NA, Lesch KP, Stephan DA . No causative DLL4 mutations in periodic catatonia patients from 15q15 linked families . Schizophrenia Research . 75 . 1 . 1–3 . June 2005 . 15820317 . 10.1016/j.schres.2004.07.017 . 42665216 .
• Patel NS, Li JL, Generali D, Poulsom R, Cranston DW, Harris AL . Up-regulation of delta-like 4 ligand in human tumor vasculature and the role of basal expression in endothelial cell function . Cancer Research . 65 . 19 . 8690–7 . October 2005 . 16204037 . 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1208 . free . 10026.1/10306 . free .
• Patel NS, Dobbie MS, Rochester M, Steers G, Poulsom R, Le Monnier K, Cranston DW, Li JL, Harris AL . Up-regulation of endothelial delta-like 4 expression correlates with vessel maturation in bladder cancer . Clinical Cancer Research . 12 . 16 . 4836–44 . August 2006 . 16914569 . 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-0285 . free .
• Lefort N, Benne C, Lelièvre JD, Dorival C, Balbo M, Sakano S, Coulombel L, Lévy Y . Short exposure to Notch ligand Delta-4 is sufficient to induce T-cell differentiation program and to increase the T cell potential of primary human CD34+ cells . Experimental Hematology . 34 . 12 . 1720–9 . December 2006 . 17157169 . 10.1016/j.exphem.2006.08.007 . free .
• Fung E, Tang SM, Canner JP, Morishige K, Arboleda-Velasquez JF, Cardoso AA, Carlesso N, Aster JC, Aikawa M . Delta-like 4 induces notch signaling in macrophages: implications for inflammation . Circulation . 115 . 23 . 2948–56 . June 2007 . 17533181 . 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.675462 . 12333385 .
• Hodkinson PS, Elliott PA, Lad Y, McHugh BJ, MacKinnon AC, Haslett C, Sethi T . Mammalian NOTCH-1 activates beta1 integrins via the small GTPase R-Ras . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 282 . 39 . 28991–9001 . September 2007 . 17664272 . 10.1074/jbc.M703601200 . free . 1842/4393 . free .
• Zang S, Ji C, Qu X, Dong X, Ma D, Ye J, Ma R, Dai J, Guo D . A study on Notch signaling in human breast cancer . Neoplasma . 54 . 4 . 304–10 . 2007 . 17822320 .

Notes and References

1. Shutter JR, Scully S, Fan W, Richards WG, Kitajewski J, Deblandre GA, Kintner CR, Stark KL . Dll4, a novel Notch ligand expressed in arterial endothelium . Genes & Development . 14 . 11 . 1313–8 . June 2000 . 10837024 . 316657 . 10.1101/gad.14.11.1313 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: DLL4 delta-like 4 (Drosophila).