Diuris aequalis explained

Diuris aequalis, commonly called the buttercup doubletail,[1] is a species of orchid which is endemic to New South Wales. It has two rolled leaves and spikes of two to five golden-yellow to orange flowers and is currently listed as "Endangered".

Description

Diuris aequalis is a tuberous, perennial herb, usually growing to a height of NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1. There are two linear leaves arising from the base of the plant, each leaf NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide and rolled so that the sides of the leaf face each other. There are between two and five golden-yellow to orange flowers arranged on a raceme, usually without spots, each about 25sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. The dorsal sepal is broadly egg-shaped to almost circular, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide above the flower. The lateral sepals are linear to lance-shaped, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide, sickle-shaped and green. The petals are erect, ear-like above the flower, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. The labellum is NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long, NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide and has three lobes, the medial lobe ridged in its centre and has two broad calli about 3.5sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long. Flowering occurs between October and December, following which the leaves die back to be replaced prior to the next flowering.[2]

Taxonomy and naming

Diuris aequalis was first formally described in 1876 by Robert D. FitzGerald in his book Australian Orchids from an unpublished description by Ferdinand von Mueller.[3] [4] The specific epithet (aequalis) is a Latin word meaning "like", "same" or "uniform".[5]

Distribution and habitat

Buttercup doubletail orchid occurs on the ranges and tablelands of New South Wales between Braidwood and the Kanangra-Boyd National Park where it grows in forest and low open woodland with a grassy understory, often on gentle slopes.

Conservation

Only about 200 individual plants of D. aequalis are known, mostly on roadsides and on agricultural land. It is listed as "Vulnerable" (VU) under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). The threats to its survival include land clearing, grazing, road maintenance and illegal rubbish dumping.

It was one of the plants targeted in the 2015 Save a Species Walk.[6]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Jones. David L.. Diuris aequalis. Royal Botanic Garden Sydney: plantNET. 13 September 2016.
  2. Web site: Approved Conservation Advice for Diuris aequalis (Buttercup Doubletail). Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy. 13 September 2016.
  3. Web site: Duiris aequalis. APNI. 13 September 2016.
  4. Book: Fitzgerald . Robert D. . Australian Orchids . 1 . 1879 . Thomas Richards, Government Printer . Sydney . 5 . 22 June 2023.
  5. Book: Brown. Roland Wilbur. The Composition of Scientific Words. 1956. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C.. 305.
  6. Web site: Save a species. Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. 17 October 2017.