Disperse blue dye explained

Disperse blue dyes are blue-colored disperse dyes. Disperse dyes are used to color textiles. Disperse blue dyes are used to produce blue and other dark colors. Like other disperse dyes, they are only slightly soluble in water.[1] However, they can be a source of water pollution.[2]

Disperse blue dyes, especially Disperse Blue 106 and Disperse Blue 124, have a higher than usual prevalence of textile dermatitis.[3] This means that people who are allergic to the dyes may develop allergic symptoms (e.g., a rash) when they wear clothes that have been colored with these dyes.

Types

There are hundreds of disperse blue dyes. This table lists only a few. Some disperse dyes are also solvent dyes; for example, Disperse Blue 1 is the same chemical as Solvent Blue 18.[4]

Partial list of disperse blue dyes!Colour Index Generic Number!CAS number!Type!Concerns!Reference
Disperse Blue 1AnthraquinoneAllergy risk, water pollution
Disperse Blue 3Allergy risk, aqueous toxicity
Disperse Blue 7Allergy risk, water pollution
Disperse Blue 26Allergy risk, water pollution
Disperse Blue 35Allergy risk
Disperse Blue 74Methine dyes
Disperse Blue 79Aqueous toxicity
Disperse Blue 102Allergy risk, water pollution
Disperse Blue 106Textile allergy, water pollution
Disperse Blue 124Azo dyeTextile allergy, water pollution
Disperse Blue 165Cyano-substituted azo dye
Disperse Blue 183Cyano-substituted azo dyeWater pollution
Disperse Blue 257Cyano-substituted azo dye
Disperse Blue 291Water pollution
Disperse Blue 373Azo dyeWater pollution

Uses

Disperse blue dyes are used for dyeing synthetic fibers, such as fabric made from nylon or polyester.

Allergies

Some patch testing kits for allergens include a mix of Disperse Blue 106 and Disperse Blue 124, and other colors can be tested if a textile dye allergy is suspected. Treatment mostly involves not wearing dark-colored synthetic clothing.

Although allergies to dyes are not very common, the disperse blue dyes are among the most common textile allergies. The American Contact Dermatitis Society named it their Allergen of the Year in 2000.[5] [6]

References

  1. Josephy . P. David . Allen-Vercoe . Emma . August 2023 . Reductive metabolism of azo dyes and drugs: Toxicological implications . Food and Chemical Toxicology . en . 178 . 113932 . 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113932. 37451600 . 259892280 .
  2. Book: Dalu . Tatenda . Emerging Freshwater Pollutants: Analysis, Fate and Regulations . Tavengwa . Nikita . 2022-01-29 . Elsevier . 978-0-323-90315-8 . en.
  3. Malinauskiene . Laura . Bruze . Magnus . Ryberg . Kristina . Zimerson . Erik . Isaksson . Marléne . February 2013 . Contact allergy from disperse dyes in textiles: a review . Contact Dermatitis . 68 . 2 . 65–75 . 10.1111/cod.12001 . 1600-0536 . 23289879.
  4. Web site: Disperse Blue 1 . 2024-02-23 . CAS Common Chemistry.
  5. Pratt . M . Taraska . V . 2000 . Disperse blue dyes 106 and 124 are common causes of textile dermatitis and should serve as screening allergens for this condition . American Journal of Contact Dermatitis . 11 . 1 . 30–41 . 10.1016/S1046-199X(00)90030-7 . 10684387.
  6. Web site: Disperse Blue Mix 124/106 Allergic Contact Dermatitis Database . 2024-01-30 . www.contactdermatitisinstitute.com.