Dioxidanylium Explained
Dioxidanylium, which is protonated molecular oxygen, or just protonated oxygen, is an ion with formula .It is formed when hydrogen containing substances combust, and exists in the ionosphere, and in plasmas that contain oxygen and hydrogen.[1] Oxidation by O2 in superacids could be by way of the production of protonated molecular oxygen.
It is the conjugate acid of dioxygen. The proton affinity of dioxygen (O2) is 4.4 eV.[2]
Significance
Protonated molecular oxygen is of interest in trying to detect dioxygen in space. Because Earth's atmosphere is full of O2, its spectrum from a space object is impossible to observe from the ground. However should be much more detectable.[3]
Formation
Reaction of dioxygenyl with hydrogen:[4]
+ H2 → + H•
The reaction of the trihydrogen cation with dioxygen is approximately thermoneutral:
O2 + → + H2
When atomic hydrogen, created in an electric discharge is rapidly cooled with oxygen and condensed in solid neon, several reactive ions and molecules are produced. These include HO2 (hydroperoxyl), HOHOH−, H2O(HO), HOHO− as well as .[5] This reaction also forms hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydrogen tetroxide (H2O4).[6]
Properties
In the infrared spectrum the v1 band due to vibrating O–H has a band head at 3016.73 cm−1.[7]
Reactions
A helium complex (He–O2H+) also is known.
appears to react rapidly with hydrogen:[8]
+ H2 → O2 + also reacts with dinitrogen and water:
+ H2O → O2 + H3O+
Related
The protonated molecular oxygen dimer has a lower energy than that of protonated molecular oxygen.
Notes and References
- Robbe. J.M.. Monnerville. M.. Chambaud. G.. Rosmus. P.. Knowles. P.J.. Theoretical spectroscopic data of the ion. Chemical Physics. January 2000. 252. 1–2. 9–16. 10.1016/S0301-0104(99)00350-X. 2000CP....252....9R.
- Xavier. George D.. Bernal-Uruchurtu. Margarita I.. Hernández-Lamoneda. Ramón. Communication: study of O4H+: A tracer molecule in the interstellar medium?. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 28 August 2014. 141. 8. 081101. 10.1063/1.4894068. 25172995. free.
- Widicus Weaver . Susanna L. . Woon . David E. . Ruscic . Branko . McCall . Benjamin J. . Is a Detectable Interstellar Molecule? . The Astrophysical Journal . 20 May 2009 . 697 . 1 . 601–609 . 10.1088/0004-637X/697/1/601. 2009ApJ...697..601W . free .
- Ajello. J. M.. Formation of by reaction of metastable ions with H2. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 1974. 60. 4. 1211–1213. 10.1063/1.1681184. 1974JChPh..60.1211A.
- Jacox . Marilyn E. . Thompson . Warren E. . Infrared Spectra of Products of the Reaction of H Atoms with O2 Trapped in Solid Neon: HO2,, HOHOH−, and H2O(HO) . The Journal of Physical Chemistry A . 24 December 2012 . 117 . 39 . 9380–9390 . 10.1021/jp310849s. 23215001 .
- Levanov . A. V. . Isaikina . O. Ya. . Antipenko . E. E. . Lunin . V. V. . Mechanism of the formation of hydrogen tetroxide and peroxide via low-temperature interaction between hydrogen atoms and molecular oxygen . Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A . 5 August 2014 . 88 . 9 . 1488–1492 . 10.1134/S0036024414090222. 2014RJPCA..88.1488L . 97672680 .
- Kohguchi . Hiroshi . Jusko . Pavol . Yamada . Koichi M. T. . Schlemmer . Stephan . Asvany . Oskar . High-resolution infrared spectroscopy of O2H+ in a cryogenic ion trap . The Journal of Chemical Physics . 14 April 2018 . 148 . 14 . 144303 . 10.1063/1.5023633. 29655341 . 2018JChPh.148n4303K .
- Kluge . Lars . Gärtner . Sabrina . Brünken . Sandra . Asvany . Oskar . Gerlich . Dieter . Schlemmer . Stephan . Transfer of a proton between H2 and O2 . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences . 13 November 2012 . 370 . 1978 . 5041–5054 . 10.1098/rsta.2012.0170. 23028152 . 2012RSPTA.370.5041K . free .
