| Honorific-Prefix: | His Excellency |
| Diogo Freitas do Amaral | |
| Honorific-Suffix: | GCC GCSE GCIH |
| Office: | Minister of Foreign Affairs |
| Term Start: | 12 March 2005 |
| Term End: | 3 July 2006 |
| Primeminister: | José Sócrates |
| Predecessor: | António Monteiro |
| Successor: | Luís Amado |
| Term Start2: | 10 January 1980 |
| Term End2: | 12 January 1981 |
| Predecessor2: | João Cardoso |
| Primeminister2: | Francisco de Sá Carneiro |
| Successor2: | André Gonçalves Pereira |
| Office3: | President of the Democratic Social Centre |
| Term Start3: | 31 January 1988 |
| Term End3: | 22 March 1992 |
| Vicepresident3: | Basílio Horta João Morais Leitão José Luís Nogueira de Brito Luís Beiroco |
| Predecessor3: | Adriano Moreira |
| Successor3: | Manuel Monteiro |
| Term Start4: | 26 January 1975 |
| Term End4: | 20 February 1983 |
| Vicepresident4: | Adelino Amaro da Costa Basílio Horta Francisco Lucas Pires Vítor de Sá Machado |
| Predecessor4: | Office established |
| Successor4: | Francisco Lucas Pires |
| Office7: | Minister of National Defence |
| Term Start7: | 4 September 1981 |
| Term End7: | 9 June 1983 |
| Primeminister7: | Francisco Pinto Balsemão |
| Predecessor7: | Luís de Azevedo Coutinho |
| Successor7: | Carlos Mota Pinto |
| Office5: | Deputy Prime Minister of Portugal |
| Term Start6: | 3 January 1980 |
| Term End6: | 9 January 1981 |
| Primeminister6: | Francisco de Sá Carneiro |
| Predecessor6: | Manuel Jacinto Nunes |
| Successor6: | Office vacant |
| Term Start5: | 4 September 1981 |
| Term End5: | 9 June 1983 |
| Primeminister5: | Francisco Pinto Balsemão |
| Predecessor5: | Office vacant |
| Successor5: | Carlos Mota Pinto |
| Office8: | Prime Minister of Portugal |
| Term Label8: | Acting |
| Term Start8: | 4 December 1980 |
| Term End8: | 9 January 1981 |
| President8: | António Ramalho Eanes |
| Predecessor8: | Francisco de Sá Carneiro |
| Successor8: | Francisco Pinto Balsemão |
| Birth Place: | Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal |
| Birth Date: | 21 July 1941 |
| Death Place: | Cascais, Portugal |
| Party: | Independent (1992–2019) |
| Otherparty: | CDS–PP (1974–1992) |
| Signature: | AssinaturaFreitas.svg |
| Children: | 4 |
Diogo Pinto de Freitas do Amaral (pronounced as /pt/; 21 July 1941 – 3 October 2019) was a Portuguese politician and law professor. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 10 January 1980 to 12 January 1981 and from 12 March 2005 to 3 July 2006. He also served briefly as Prime Minister in an interim capacity in the early 1980s, after the death of Francisco de Sá Carneiro.
He was born in Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal, the third but first surviving son of Duarte de Freitas do Amaral and wife Maria Filomena de Campos Trocado, and the older brother of João de Freitas do Amaral.
He was a Licentiate and a Doctorate in Law specialised in Administrative Law and Political Science from the Faculty of Law of the University of Lisbon, and a Cathedratic Professor in the Faculty of Law at the New University of Lisbon and also a publicist.
He served as a professor in the Faculty of Law of the Lusófona University of Lisbon, where he taught and governed as the chair of the Economics of Public Law in Law degree, developing other teaching activities in the same college.In 1974, some months after the Carnation Revolution, he was one of the Founders and President of then Democratic and Social Centre (CDS), a Christian democratic party. He led this party till 1985, and again from 1988 to 1991. He served as a Deputy to the Assembly of the Republic (the Portuguese parliament) from 1975 to 1982 or 1983, and again in 1992 and 1993.
He was also a Member of the Portuguese Council of State (1974–1982).
In the parliamentary elections of 1979 and 1980, the Democratic Alliance (of which the CDS was a part) won a majority and formed the government, in which Freitas served as Deputy Prime Minister or Vice-Prime-Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1980 and Deputy Prime Minister or Vice-Prime-Minister and Minister of Defence between 1981 and 1983. After the death of Francisco Sá Carneiro, Freitas do Amaral was interim Prime Minister for a short period between 1980 and 1981. Between 1981 and 1982 he was also the President of the European People's Party.
He was a candidate in 1985 for the presidency in the 1986 presidential election. Supported by his own People's Party and by the Social Democratic Party, he established a commanding lead in the first round, but lost the second round by some 150,000 votes to Mário Soares, who was endorsed by the two eliminated candidates.
He was President of the United Nations General Assembly (1995–1996).
A European federalist, he left the party he founded, disagreeing mainly with the Eurosceptic line followed by Manuel Monteiro and Paulo Portas.
Always seen as a right-winger, Freitas do Amaral supported the Social Democratic Party in the parliamentary election of 2002. However, disappointed with the government performance, and critical of its support for the U.S. invasion of Iraq, Freitas do Amaral surprised many observers by announcing his support for the Socialist Party in the 2005 election. He was subsequently nominated for Minister of State and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the XVII Constitutional Government, led by the Socialist leader José Sócrates. He resigned after a little over one year in office, citing health reasons and, as revealed to a newspaper, tiredness resulting from the many diplomatic trips taken.
He was also a Juridical Consultant of many companies.
He authored a biography of King Afonso I and a play about Viriatus.
He also published a study of the actuality and reform of the prison system in Portugal.
First Class of the Order of the White Star (29 March 2006)
Commander of National Order of Merit (27 January 2006)
Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany (22 December 1980)
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (3 November 1980)[1]
Grand Cross of the Order of St. Olav (3 November 1980)[1]
He married in Sintra, Santa Maria, on 31 July 1965 Maria José Salgado Sarmento de Matos, born in Lisbon on 13 October 1943, writer under the pseudonym Maria Roma, daughter of José Sarmento Osório de Vasconcelos de Matos (Moimenta da Beira, 28 July 1909 – Sintra, 17 July 1992). They had four children.
In September 2019, Freitas do Amaral was hospitalized in critical condition at a Cascais hospital.[2] On 3 October 2019, it was announced that Freitas do Amaral had died.[3]
See main article: 1975 Portuguese Constituent Assembly election. |-! colspan="2" | Party! Candidate! Votes! align="center" style="width: 50px"|%! align="center" style="width: 50px"|Seats|-| style="background:;"|| align="left"|PS| align=left |Mário Soares || 2,162,972 || 37.9 || 116 |-| style="background:;"|| align="left"|PPD| align=left |Francisco Sá Carneiro || 1,507,282 || 26.4 || 81 |-| style="background:;"|| align="left"| PCP| align=left |Álvaro Cunhal || 711,935 || 12.5 || 30 |-| style="background:;"|| align="left"| CDS| align=left |Diogo Freitas do Amaral || 434,879 || 7.6 || 16 |-| style="background:darkred;"|| align="left"| MDP/CDE| align=left |Francisco Pereira de Moura || 236,318 || 4.1 || 5|-| style="background:red;"|| align="left"| FSP| align=left |Manuel Serra || 66,307 || 1.2 || 0|-| style="background:red;"|| align="left"| MES| align=left |Afonso de Barros || 58,248 || 1.0 || 0|-| style="background:white;"|| colspan="2" align="left"| Other parties| 137,213 || 2.4 || 2|-| colspan="3" align="left"| Blank/Invalid ballots | 396,675 || 7.0 || – |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9"| colspan="3" align="left"| Turnout| 5,711,829 || 91.66 || 250|-| colspan="6" align=left|Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições[4] |}
See main article: 1976 Portuguese legislative election. |-! colspan="2" | Party! Candidate! Votes! align="center" style="width: 50px"|%! align="center" style="width: 50px"|Seats! align="center" style="width: 50px"|+/−|-| style="background:;"|| align="left"|PS| align=left |Mário Soares || 1,912,921 || 34.9 || 107 || style="color:red;"| –9|-| style="background:;"|| align="left"|PPD| align=left |Francisco Sá Carneiro || 1,335,381 || 24.4 || 73 || style="color:red;"| –8|-| style="background:;"|| align="left"| CDS| align=left |Diogo Freitas do Amaral || 876,007 || 16.0 || 42 || style="color:green;"| +26|-| style="background:;"|| align="left"| PCP| align=left |Álvaro Cunhal || 788,830 || 14.4 || 40 || style="color:green;"| +10|-| style="background:#E2062C;"|| align="left"| UDP| align=left |Mário Tomé || 91,690 || 1.7 || 1 || ±0|-| style="background:white;"|| colspan="2" align="left"| Other parties| 220,936 || 4.0 || 0 || ±0|-| colspan="3" align="left"| Blank/Invalid ballots | 257,696 || 2.7 || – || –|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9"| colspan="3" align="left"| Turnout| 5,483,461 || 83.53 || 263 || style="color:green;"| +13|-| colspan="7" align=left|Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições[5] |}
See main article: 1986 Portuguese presidential election. |-! rowspan="2" colspan="2" |Candidate! colspan="2" |First round! colspan="2" |Second round|-! Votes! align="center" style="width: 50px"|%! Votes! align="center" style="width: 50px"|%|-| style="background:;"|| align=left |Mário Soares || 1,443,683 || 25.4 || 3,010,756 || 51.2|-| style="background:;"|| align=left |Diogo Freitas do Amaral || 2,629,597 || 46.3 || 2,872,064 || 48.8|-| style="background:green;"|| align=left |Francisco Salgado Zenha || 1,185,867 || 20.9 |-| style="background:;"|| align=left |Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo || 418,961 || 7.4|-| colspan="2" align="left"| Blank/Invalid ballots | 64,626 || – || 54,280 || –|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9"| colspan="2" align="left"| Turnout| 5,742,734 || 75.39 || 5,937,100 || 77.99|-| colspan="6" align=left|Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições[6] [7] |}
|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9"! align="center" colspan=2 style="width: 60px"|Candidate! align="center" style="width: 50px"|Votes! align="center" style="width: 50px"|%|-|bgcolor=|| align=left | Diogo Freitas do Amaral| colspan="2" align=right | Voice vote|-|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9"| colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Turnout| align=right || align=right | 100.0|-| colspan="4" align=left|Source: Congress 1988[8] |}
See main article: 1991 Portuguese legislative election. |-! colspan="2" | Party! Candidate! Votes! align="center" style="width: 50px"|%! align="center" style="width: 50px"|Seats! align="center" style="width: 50px"|+/−|-| style="background:;"|| align="left"|PSD| align=left |Aníbal Cavaco Silva || 2,902,351 || 50.6 || 135 || style="color:red;"| –13|-| style="background:;"|| align="left"|PS| align=left |Jorge Sampaio || 1,670,758 || 29.1 || 72 || style="color:green;"| +12|-| style="background:;"|| align="left"| CDU| align=left |Álvaro Cunhal || 504,583 || 8.8 || 17 || style="color:red;"| –14|-| style="background:;"|| align="left"| CDS| align=left |Diogo Freitas do Amaral || 254,317 || 4.4 || 5 || style="color:green;"| +1|-| style="background:#000080;"|| align="left"| PSN| align=left |Manuel Sérgio || 96,096 || 1.6 || 1 || new|-| style="background:red;"|| align="left"| PSR| align=left |Francisco Louçã || 64,159 || 1.1 || 0 || ±0|-| style="background:white;"|| colspan="2" align="left"| Other parties| 132,495 || 2.3 || 0 || style="color:red;"| –7|-| colspan="3" align="left"| Blank/Invalid ballots | 110,672 || 1.9 || – || –|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9"| colspan="3" align="left"| Turnout| 5,735,431 || 67.78 || 230 || style="color:red;"| –20|-| colspan="7" align=left|Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições[9] |}
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