Diocesan Museum in Pelplin explained

Diocesan Museum in Pelplin
Established:1928
Founder:Bishop Stanisław Wojciech Okoniewski
Location:Pelplin, Tczew County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland
Type:Catholicism, sacred art

The Diocesan Museum in Pelplin (Polish: Muzeum Diecezjalne w Pelplinie) holds one of the finest collections of medieval art in Poland. It is located in the town of Pelplin in Tczew County (Pomeranian Voivodeship) and is managed by the bishopric of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Pelplin. It bears the name of Bishop Stanisław Wojciech Okoniewski (1870–1944), the founder of the museum (pl), who died in Lisbon during World War II. Founded in the Second Polish Republic in 1928 during the interwar period, the collections have been housed in a modern-style building complex since 1988.

Museum collections

See main article: Evacuation of Polish National Treasures during World War II. The largest part of the collections are Gothic sculptures from the churches of the former Diocese of Kulm renamed in 1925 as the Bishopric of Pelplin, and also from the Roman Catholic Diocese of Toruń. Late Gothic paintings of "Crucifixion" from Lignowy (gilded with gold leaf),[1] "Flagellation" (1380), and "Descent from the Cross" (1495) from the Cathedral Basilica of St. John the Baptist and John the Evangelist in Toruń, are supplemented with original art by Hermann Hahn (1570–1628) and Andreas Stech (1635–1697).[2] The museum received generous financial support from the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage for the preventive conservation of paintings from 1420 to 1695.[3]

The Gutenberg Bible (pictured below) held by the museum,[4] originally from the Franciscan monastery in Lubawa, is one of only 48 copies which survived to modern times. Of those, only 20 are complete, and are worth up to $100 million each.[5] It is one of only nine copies surviving in its original 15th century binding,[4] [p. 157] which was added by Henricus Coster of Lübeck.[6] It is printed on both sides of 641 sheets of paper (folios), in two columns measuring 285 mm × 85 mm each, with 40–42 verses, for the total of 1,282 pages of text. Leaves are inserted between some gatherings.[7] During its printing, a loose typesetting sort fell upon a page of this copy and made a mark. This unique feature of the Pelplin Bible enabled scholars to deduce the shape of Gutenberg's type. The binding consists of two beveled oak boards covered in red goat leather, with five brass buttons, corner fittings and buckles fastened to leather straps.[8] The Bible from Pelplin was rescued during World War II by the Polish government,[9] and came to Canada through Paris and London. Kept in a vault at the Bank of Montreal in Ottawa,[9] it was not returned to Poland until 1959.[10]

The museum collections of early prints include the priceless manuscript of St. Augustine of Hippo from 425 titled "De civitate Dei".[11] The collections of the venerated objects of piety contain monstrances and reliquaries from the workshops of Gdańsk, Toruń, and Nuremberg. The collections also include liturgical garments, such as vestments and dalmatics.[12]

References

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Obraz gotycki z Kościoła w Lignowach . Muzeum Diecezjalne . 2017 . Pelplin.
  2. Muzeum Diecezjalne (2017), Sztuka Średniowiecza. Sztuka Nowożytna. Pelplin.
  3. Web site: Konserwacja kilkunastu unikatowych obrazów z lat 1420–1695 oraz ich digitalizacja . 5 July 2016 . Muzeum Diecezjalne . Pelplin .
  4. Book: The Strange Odyssey of Poland's National Treasures, 1939–1961 . Gordon Swoger . Dundurn . 2004 . 50, 77, 156–157 . 1554880262 . Google Books.
  5. Book: Time for a Turning Point: Setting a Course Toward Free Markets and Limited Government for Future Generations . Charlie Kirk . Post Hill Press . 2016 . 978-1682612484 . 108 . No auction has been held in years but if one were to be sold, say at Christie's Auction House in New York, it is speculated that it could fetch as much as $100 million. . Google Books.
  6. Book: . Warsaw . 2005 . 0867-6976 . Foreign Collections in Polish Libraries Today . 6 . p. 32 (31 of 131 in PDF) and pp. 120–121 in "Review" by Andrzej Tomaszewski . Early Imprints from the Gutenberg Press in the Jagiellonian Library . Jan Pirożyński . It seems obvious that Gutenberg did not commence his printing activities by publishing the 42-line Bible, a work of as many as 643 leaves. . Gutenberg produced 36-line, 40-line, and 42-line bibles over time..
  7. Web site: Gutenberg Bible: The Gatherings . Background . The British Library . 2017 . Leaves inserted between gatherings are not consistent. Twelve surviving copies of the Bible include as many as 643 folios with additional sheets inserted after leaves 4, 7, 8 and 9 in the first volume; and leaves 3, 7 and 10 in the second volume. . 2017-03-15 . 2008-06-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080607124942/http://www.bl.uk/treasures/gutenberg/gatherings.html . dead . See also:
    Web site: Composition and presses . Treasures in Full .
    Web site: The types . Treasures in Full .
    Web site: The ink . Treasures in Full . 2017-03-15 . 2007-09-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070911124232/http://www.bl.uk/treasures/gutenberg/ink.html . dead .
    Web site: How many . Treasures in Full . 2017-03-15 . 2023-10-05 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231005161340/https://www.bl.uk/treasures/gutenberg/howmany.html . dead .
  8. The Gutenberg Bible. The Most Revolutionary Book in History . Codices Illustres. A Resource for Libraries and Institutions . p. 7 (7 of 9 in PDF) . Montale Rangone (MO), Italy . direct download 1,6 MB . The Pelplin Specimen and its Story.
  9. Book: The Holocaust and the Book: Destruction and Preservation . Jonathan Rose . Univ of Massachusetts Press . 2008 . 978-1558496439 . 144, 147–148 . Google Books.
  10. Web site: Muzeum Diecezjalne . 2017 . Biblia Gutenberga . The Gutenberg Bible . Pelplin . – Google translate.
  11. Web site: Szlak Cysterski w Polsce . Obiekty cysterskie . Diecezjalne Centrum Informacji Turystycznej . Pelplin . 2017. [Also in:] Web site: Biblioteka Diecezjalna w Pelplinie – wizyta w krainie starodruków . Ruszaj w Drogę! . "Pelplin i jego zabytki" by Janusz St. Pasierb . Kasia Marczewscy . Maciej Marczewscy . 25 February 2015 . Pelplin Diocesan Bibliotheque.
  12. Web site: Muzeum Diecezjalne w Pelplinie (2017) . Tkaniny . Liturgical garments . Pelplin . 5 March 2017.

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