Digaro languages explained

Digaro
Also Known As:Northern Mishmi
Region:Arunachal Pradesh
Familycolor:Sino-Tibetan
Fam1:possibly Sino-Tibetan or an independent family
Fam2:Greater Siangic ?
Child1:Idu Mishmi
Child2:Taraon
Glotto:mish1241
Glottorefname:Digarish

The Digaro (Digarish), Northern Mishmi (Mishmic), or Kera'a–Tawrã[1] languages are a small family of possibly Sino-Tibetan languages spoken by the Mishmi people of southeastern Tibet and Arunachal Pradesh.

The languages are Idu and Taraon (Digaro, Darang).

External relationships

They are not related to the Southern Mishmi Midzu languages, apart from possibly being Sino-Tibetan. However, Blench and Post (2011) suggests that they may not even be Sino-Tibetan, but rather an independent language family of their own.

Blench (2014) classifies the Digaro languages as part of the Greater Siangic group of languages.

Names

Autonyms and exonyms for Digaro-speaking peoples, as well as Miju (Kaman), are given below (Jiang, et al. 2013:2-3).

Taraon name!c=02
Kaman namec=03Idu namec=04Assamese name
Taraon peoplec=01da31 raŋ53c=02tɕi31 moŋ35c=03tɑ31 rɑŋ35c=04Digaru;
Digaru Mishmi
Kaman peoplec=01tɕɑu53c=02kɯ31 mɑn35c=03mi31 tɕu55c=04Midzu
Idu peoplec=01dju55;
dju55 ta31 rɑŋ53;
dɑi53
c=02min31 dɑu55;
hu53
c=03i53 du55c=04Chulikata Mishmi
Zha people 扎人c=01tɕɑ31 kʰen55c=02tɕɑ31 kreŋ35c=03c=04
Tibetan peoplec=01lɑ31 mɑ55;
mei53 bom55
c=02dɯ31 luŋ35;
hɑi35 hɯl55
c=03ɑ31 mi53;
pu53;
mi31 si55 pu53
c=04

Registers

Idu, Tawra, Kman, and Meyor all share a system of multiple language registers, which are (Blench 2016):[2]

  1. ordinary speech
  2. speech of hunters: lexical substitution, the replacement of animal names and others by special lexical forms, and sometimes short poems
  3. speech of priests/shamans: more complex, involving much language which is difficult to understand, and also lengthy descriptions of sacrificial animals
  4. poetic/lyrical register (not in Idu, but appears in Kman)
  5. mediation register (only in Idu?)
  6. babytalk register

References

Notes and References

  1. Book: DeLancey, Scott. The Languages and Linguistics of Mainland Southeast Asia. Classifying Trans-Himalayan (Sino-Tibetan) languages. De Gruyter. 2021. 10.1515/9783110558142-012. 207–224. 9783110558142. 238722139.
  2. Web site: (PDF) Mishmi language development Roger Blench - Academia.edu. Blench. Roger.