Dictyopharidae Explained

Dictyopharidae is a family of planthoppers, related to the Fulgoridae. The family comprises nearly 760 species in more than 150 genera[1] which are grouped into two subfamilies, Dictyopharinae and Orgeriinae.

Description

Like all other fulgoroids, they have the antennae arising on the side of the head below the compound eye (not between the eyes as in the Cicadoidea). Many species have an elongated frons. Those that do not have this elongation may have 2 or 3 carinae (keels). The median ocellus is absent.[2]

Diversity

Genera are placed in two subfamilies:

Dictyopharinae

Authority: Onuki, 1901; selected genera include:

Orgeriinae

Authority: Fieber, 1872; the following genera, in four tribes, are included by BioLib.cz:[3]

Almanini Kusnetzov, 1936
  1. Almana Stål, 1861
  2. Bursinia A. Costa, 1862
  3. Cnodalum Emeljanov, 1978
  4. Coppa Emeljanov, 1969
  5. Coppidius Emeljanov, 1969
  6. Haumavarga Oshanin, 1908
  7. Iphicara Emeljanov, 1978
  8. Mesorgerius Kusnezov, 1933
  9. Nymphorgerius Oshanin, 1913
  10. Orgamarella Emeljanov, 1969
  11. Parorgerioides Bergevin, 1928
  12. Scirtophaca Emeljanov, 1969
  13. Sphenarchus Emeljanov, 2003
  14. Tachorga Emeljanov, 1969
  15. Tigrahauda Oshanin, 1908
  16. Tilimontia Emeljanov, 1969
Colobocini Emeljanov, 1969
  1. Colobocus Emeljanov, 1969
Orgeriini Fieber, 1872
  1. Acinaca Ball & Hartzell, 1922
  2. Almanetta Emeljanov, 1999
  3. Aridia Ball & Hartzell, 1922
  4. Austrorgerius Woodward, 1960
  5. Deserta Ball & Hartzell, 1922
  6. Orgamara Ball, 1909
  7. Orgerius Stål, 1859
  8. Ticida Uhler, 1891
  9. Ticrania Emeljanov, 2006
  10. Timonidia Ball & Hartzell, 1922
  11. Yucanda Ball & Hartzell, 1922
  12. Kumlika Oshanin, 1912
  13. Ototettix Oshanin, 1912
Ranissini Emeljanov, 1969
  1. Elysiaca Emeljanov, 1969
  2. Parorgerius Melichar, 1912
  3. Phyllorgerius Kusnezov, 1928
  4. Ranissus Fieber, 1866
  5. Sphenocratus Horváth, 1910

Unplaced and fossil taxa

The following genera are incertae sedis:

A number of species are known from the fossil record, which reaches back to the Santonian age of the Late Cretaceous. The oldest fossil, Netutela annunciator belonging to the extinct dictyopharine tribe Netutelini, was described from Taymyr amber on the Taymyr Peninsula of Russia. Younger amber fossils include the amber genus Alicodoxa described from Eocene Baltic and Rovno ambers[4] Compression fossil species include the Ypresian Limfjordia breineri from the Fur Formation in Denmark and the Priabonian Florissantia elegans from the Florissant Formation, Colorado.[5]

Notes and References

  1. Two new genera and two new species of Oriental dictyopharid planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Dictyopharidae) from Sri Lanka and southern India. Zhi-Shun. Song. Ai-Ping Liang. Zootaxa. 2011. 2740. 24–34. 10.11646/zootaxa.2740.1.2.
  2. Book: Borror . DJ . Triplehorn . CA . Delong . DM . 1989 . Introduction to the Study of Insects, 6th Edition . Saunders College Publishing . 0-03-025397-7.
  3. https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id424235/ BioLib.cz: Orgeriinae Fieber, 1872 (retrieved 10 July 2021)
  4. Emeljanov . A. F. . Shcherbakov . D. E. . 2011 . A new genus and species of Dictyopharidae (Homoptera) from Rovno and Baltic amber based on nymphs . ZooKeys . 130 . 175–184 . 10.3897/zookeys.130.1775. 3260758 . 22259275 . free .
  5. Szwedo . J. . 2008 . A new tribe of Dictyopharidae planthoppers from Eocene Baltic amber (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Fulgoroidea), with a brief review of the fossil record of the family . Palaeodiversity . 1 . 75–85 .

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