Dicoma swazilandica explained

Dicoma swazilandica is a species of plant from Eswatini and South Africa.

Description

Growth form

This herb grows to be up to 63cm (25inches) tall. It has an erect, straited stem covered with simple white hairs and yellow glands.[1]

Leaves

The leaves are erect and linear, ranging in size from NaNmm wide and NaNmm long. Te margins are finely toothed. The upper surface is greenish and often has yellow glands. It may have hairs or be hairless. The lower surface is densely hairy and has glands.

Flowers

The flowers are borne in typical daisy-like flowerheads. They are borne on erect stalks that may be surrounded by linear leaves. The surrounding whorls of bracts form an inverted cone shape. They grow in five or six)or sometimes seven) rows. They are straw coloured with a purple stripe on the midrib. The margins are finely serrated, especially towards the tips. The innermost bracts are longer than the outer ones and extend about NaNmm beyond the pappus.

Each flowerhead contains about 25 florets. They are radially symmetrical and hermaphroditic. The corolla is a dull white in colour and has subepidermal star-shaped calcium oxalate crystals. The epidermal cells have short, glandular twin hairs. The stamens protrude slightly beyond the corolla. The filaments, like the corolla, have star-shaped calcium oxalate crystals. The style also has similar crystals. The stylar branches have sweeping hairs that form a subapical ring. The basal hairs are the longest.

Fruits and seeds

The rough achenes (dry fruits, each containing a single seed) are covered in ten ribs with hairs growing between them.

Similar species

This species is most similar to Dicoma anomola. It does, however, differ in several characteristics:[2]

Distribution and habitat

This species is found in Eswatini and in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. It grows on stony hills at an altitude of about 1685m (5,528feet) in grasslands and savannas.[3]

Conservation

This species is potentially threatened by plantations in Eswatini but occurs in a protected area in South Africa, and as such, is currently not threatened there.

Notes and References

  1. e-Flora of South Africa. v1.36. 2022. South African National Biodiversity Institute. http://ipt.sanbi.org.za/iptsanbi/resource?r=flora_descriptions&v=1.36
  2. Ortiz . Santiago . Pulgar . Iñigo . 2000 . A new species of Dicoma (Asteraceae-Mutisieae) from Swaziland . Nordic Journal of Botany . en . 20 . 3 . 347–352 . 10.1111/j.1756-1051.2000.tb00748.x . 0107-055X.
  3. von Staden, L. & Kamundi, D.A. 2016. Dicoma swazilandica S.Ortíz, Rodr.Oubiña & Pulgar. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2020.1. Accessed on 23 February 2023