Dibenzopyrenes Explained

Dibenzopyrenes are a group of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with the molecular formula C24H14. There are five isomers of dibenzopyrene which differ by the arrangement of aromatic rings: dibenzo[''a'',''e'']pyrene, dibenzo[''a'',''h'']pyrene, dibenzo[''a'',''i'']pyrene, dibenzo[''a'',''l'']pyrene, and dibenzo[''e'',''l'']pyrene.

Dibenzopyrenes have been recognized for their suspected human carcinogenicity.[1] The most notable dibenzopyrene isomer, dibenzo[''a'',''l'']pyrene is a constituent of tobacco smoke[2] and is thought to be 30 to 100 times more potent as a carcinogen than benzo[''a'']pyrene.[3] [4] The four dibenzopyrene isomers; dibenzo[''a'',''e'']pyrene, dibenzo[''a'',''h'']pyrene, dibenzo[''a'',''i'']pyrene, dibenzo[''a'',''l'']pyrene are included in the list of 16 EU priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons due to their mutagenicity and suspected human carcinogenicity.

Primary sources of dibenzopyrenes in the environment are combustion of wood and coal,[5] gasoline and diesel exhaust,[6] and tires.[7]

Notes and References

  1. 12060843. 1241197. 2002. Boström. C. E.. Cancer risk assessment, indicators, and guidelines for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the ambient air. Environmental Health Perspectives. 110 Suppl 3. 451–88. Gerde. P. Hanberg. A. Jernström. B. Johansson. C. Kyrklund. T. Rannug. A. Törnqvist. M. Victorin. K. Westerholm. R. 10.1289/ehp.110-1241197.
  2. Talhout. Reinskje. Schulz. Thomas. Florek. Ewa. Van Benthem. Jan. Wester. Piet. Opperhuizen. Antoon. Hazardous Compounds in Tobacco Smoke. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 8. 12. 2011. 613–628. 1660-4601. 10.3390/ijerph8020613. 21556207. 3084482. free.
  3. . 2010 . Development of a Relative Potency Factor (RPF) Approach for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Mixtures . Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) .
  4. Muller, Pavel . Standards Development Branch, Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy . Scientific criteria document for multimedia standards development, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) . 1997 .
  5. Determination of benzo[''a'']pyrene and dibenzopyrenes in a Chinese coal fly ash certified reference material . Science of the Total Environment . 432 . 15 August 2012 . 97–102 . 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.081. 22728296 . Silvia. Masala . Christoffer. Bergvall . Roger. Westerholm . 2012ScTEn.432...97M .
  6. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.04.055. Determination of highly carcinogenic dibenzopyrene isomers in particulate emissions from two diesel- and two gasoline-fuelled light-duty vehicles. Atmospheric Environment. 43. 25. 3883–3890. 2009. Bergvall. Christoffer. Westerholm. Roger. 2009AtmEn..43.3883B.
  7. 10.1021/es204257d. Automobile Tires—A Potential Source of Highly Carcinogenic Dibenzopyrenes to the Environment. Environmental Science & Technology. 46. 6. 3326–3334. 2012. Sadiktsis. Ioannis. Bergvall. Christoffer. Johansson. Christer. Westerholm. Roger. 22352997. 2012EnST...46.3326S.

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