Diazepam binding inhibitor explained

Acyl-CoA-binding protein in humans belongs to the family of Acyl-CoA-binding proteins.^[1]

This gene encodes diazepam binding inhibitor, a protein that is regulated by hormones and is involved in lipid metabolism and the displacement of beta-carbolines and benzodiazepines, which modulate signal transduction at type A gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors located in brain synapses. The protein is conserved from yeast to mammals, with the most highly conserved domain consisting of seven contiguous residues that constitute the hydrophobic binding site for medium- and long-chain acyl-Coenzyme A esters. Diazepam binding inhibitor also mediates the feedback regulation of pancreatic secretion and the postprandial release of cholecystokinin, in addition to its role as a mediator in corticotropin-dependent synthesis of steroids in the adrenal gland. Three pseudogenes located on chromosomes 6, 8 and 16 have been identified. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have also been described for this gene.^[2]

See also

• Diazepam

Further reading

• Papadopoulos V, Brown AS . Role of the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor and the polypeptide diazepam binding inhibitor in steroidogenesis. . J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. . 53 . 1–6 . 103–110 . 1995 . 7626442 . 10.1016/0960-0760(95)00027-W . 41277281 . free .
• Costa E, Auta J, Guidotti A . The pharmacology of neurosteroidogenesis . J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. . 49 . 4–6 . 385–389 . 1994 . 8043504 . 10.1016/0960-0760(94)90284-4 . 33492066 . etal. free .
• Mandrup S, Hummel R, Ravn S . Acyl-CoA-binding protein/diazepam-binding inhibitor gene and pseudogenes. A typical housekeeping gene family . J. Mol. Biol. . 228 . 3 . 1011–1022 . 1993 . 1469708 . 10.1016/0022-2836(92)90888-Q . etal.
• Webb NR, Rose TM, Malik N . Bovine and human cDNA sequences encoding a putative benzodiazepine receptor ligand . DNA . 6 . 1 . 71–79 . 1987 . 2881742 . 10.1089/dna.1987.6.71 . etal.
• Gray PW, Glaister D, Seeburg PH . Cloning and expression of cDNA for human diazepam binding inhibitor, a natural ligand of an allosteric regulatory site of the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 83 . 19 . 7547–7551 . 1986 . 3020548 . 10.1073/pnas.83.19.7547 . 386756 . 1986PNAS...83.7547G . etal. free .
• DeBernardi MA, Crowe RR, Mocchetti I . Chromosomal localization of the human diazepam binding inhibitor gene . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 85 . 17 . 6561–6565 . 1988 . 3413112 . 10.1073/pnas.85.17.6561 . 282013 . 1988PNAS...85.6561D . etal. free .
• Marquardt H, Todaro GJ, Shoyab M . Complete amino acid sequences of bovine and human endozepines. Homology with rat diazepam binding inhibitor . J. Biol. Chem. . 261 . 21 . 9727–9731 . 1986 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)67575-1 . 3525533 . free .
• Swinnen JV, Esquenet M, Heyns W . Androgen regulation of the messenger RNA encoding diazepam-binding inhibitor/acyl-CoA-binding protein in the human prostatic adenocarcinoma cell line LNCaP . Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. . 104 . 2 . 153–162 . 1995 . 7527352 . 10.1016/0303-7207(94)90118-X . 29195251 . etal.
• Kolmer M, Rovio A, Alho H . The characterization of two diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI) transcripts in humans . Biochem. J. . 306 . Pt 2. 327–330 . 1995 . 7534063 . 10.1042/bj3060327. 1136524 .
• Gersuk VH, Rose TM, Todaro GJ . Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of a pseudogene related to the human acyl-CoA binding protein/diazepam binding inhibitor . Genomics . 25 . 2 . 469–476 . 1995 . 7789980 . 10.1016/0888-7543(95)80047-P .
• Alho H, Kolmer M, Harjuntausta T, Helén P . Increased expression of diazepam binding inhibitor in human brain tumors . Cell Growth Differ. . 6 . 3 . 309–314 . 1995 . 7794798 .
• Alho H, Vaalasti A, Podkletnova I, Rechardt L . Expression of diazepam-binding inhibitor peptide in human skin: an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study . J. Invest. Dermatol. . 101 . 6 . 800–803 . 1994 . 8245508 . 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12371698 .
• Cavallaro S, Pani L, Guidotti A, Costa E . ACTH-induced mitochondrial DBI receptor (MDR) and diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI) expression in adrenals of hypophysectomized rats is not cause-effect related to its immediate steroidogenic action . Life Sci. . 53 . 14 . 1137–1147 . 1993 . 8396705 . 10.1016/0024-3205(93)90550-M . free .
• Swinnen JV, Esquenet M, Rosseels J . A human gene encoding diazepam-binding inhibitor/acy1-CoA-binding protein: transcription and hormonal regulation in the androgen-sensitive human prostatic adenocarcinoma cell line LNCaP . DNA Cell Biol. . 15 . 3 . 197–208 . 1996 . 8634149 . 10.1089/dna.1996.15.197 . etal.
• Krøll JB, Nøhr J, Gregersen N . Structure of the rat gene encoding the multifunctional acyl-CoA-binding protein: conservation of intron 1 sequences in rodents and man. Addendum . Gene . 173 . 2 . 239–240 . 1996 . 8964506 . 10.1016/0378-1119(96)00214-4 . etal.
• Kolmer M, Pelto-Huikko M, Parvinen M . The transcriptional and translational control of diazepam binding inhibitor expression in rat male germ-line cells . DNA Cell Biol. . 16 . 1 . 59–72 . 1997 . 9022045 . 10.1089/dna.1997.16.59 . etal.
• Ferrarese C, Cogliati T, Tortorella R . Diazepam binding inhibitor (DBI) in the plasma of pediatric and adult epileptic patients . Epilepsy Res. . 29 . 2 . 129–134 . 1998 . 9477145 . 10.1016/S0920-1211(97)00074-0 . 2832298 . etal.

Notes and References

1. Todd S, Naylor SL . New chromosomal mapping assignments for argininosuccinate synthetase pseudogene 1, interferon-beta 3 gene, and the diazepam binding inhibitor gene . Somat Cell Mol Genet . 18 . 4 . 381–385 . Dec 1992 . 1440058 . 10.1007/BF01235761 . 46694856 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: DBI diazepam binding inhibitor (GABA receptor modulator, acyl-Coenzyme A binding protein).