German Reform Party Explained

German Reform Party
Foundation:1880
Dissolved:March 1914[1]
Ideology:German nationalism
Antisemitism
Position:Far-right
Merged:German Social Reform Party (1894)
German Völkisch Party (1914)
Country:Germany

The German Reform Party (German: Deutsche Reformpartei or DRP) was a far-right political party active in the German Empire. It had antisemitism as its ideological basis.

The initial German Reform Party was established in 1880 by Alexander Pinkert, a Saxony-based antisemite, as a strongly antisemitic and palingenetic party, advocating the elimination of the Jews and the rebirth of Germany. However this initiative only lasted until 1891.[2]

The later version of the DRP was established in either 1889 or 1890 by Otto Böckel and Oswald Zimmermann, who had been involved in the original party, under the name Antisemitic People's Party.[3] It was based in Erfurt in Saxony.[4] The Deutscher Antisemitenbund, an initiative of Wilhelm Pickenbach, was also included as part of the newly formed party.[5] The new party's main aim was the repeal of Jewish emancipation.[6]

The party contested the 1890 German federal election, winning four seats in the Reichstag.[7] It increased its total to eleven in 1893.[7] The party officially adopted the name of the DRP to fight the latter election.

In 1894, the DRP merged with the similarly antisemitic German Social Party to form the German Social Reform Party.[3] [8] The drive for the merger of the two parties had been led by Zimmermann and was unsuccessfully opposed by Böckel.[9] Having lost his seat in 1903, Böckel faded from politics after the merger.[10]

Following the dissolution of the merged party in 1900 Zimmermann returned to using the DRP moniker and continued to sit in the Reichstag until 1910.[11] In March 1914, the DRP merged again with the German Social Party to form the German Völkisch Party (DvP).[1]

Election results

Date! colspan="3"
VotesSeatsPositionSize
No.%± ppNo.±
1903138,3441.46NewNew10th
1907114,8071.02 0.44 0 11th
191260,7580.50 0.52 2 15th

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Deutsche Reformpartei (DRP) 1900-1914 . Johannes Leicht . Arnulf Scriba . LeMO – Lebendiges Museum Online . Deutsches Historisches Museum . 1 September 2016.
  2. Matthew Lange, Antisemitic Elements in the Critique of Capitalism in German Culture, 1850-1933, Peter Lang, 2007, pp. 126-127
  3. Richard S. Levy, Antisemitism: A Historical Encyclopedia of Prejudice and Persecution, ABC-CLIO, 2005, p. 22
  4. Christian Davis, Colonialism, Antisemitism, and Germans of Jewish Descent in Imperial Germany, University of Michigan Press, 2012, p. 26
  5. Lange, Antisemitic Elements in the Critique of Capitalism in German Culture, p. 151
  6. Michael C. Thomsett, The German Opposition to Hitler: The Resistance, the Underground, and Assassination Plots, 1938-1945, McFarland, 1997, p. 9
  7. Davis, Colonialism, Antisemitism, and Germans of Jewish Descent in Imperial Germany, p. 33
  8. Lange, Antisemitic Elements in the Critique of Capitalism in German Culture, p. 183
  9. [Robert Melson (political scientist)|Robert Melson]
  10. Dan S. White, The Splintered Party: National Liberalism in Hessen and the Reich, 1867-1918, 1976, p. 146
  11. [Walther Killy]