Detroit Assembly Explained
Detroit Assembly (also known as Detroit Cadillac, Cadillac Assembly or Clark Street Assembly) was a General Motors automobile factory in Detroit, Michigan on Clark Street, south of Michigan Avenue (U.S. Route 12). It began operations in 1921 and Cadillac bodies were supplied by Fleetwood Metal Body in 1921 after Fisher Body assumed operations. It was the second location that built Cadillacs, when Cadillac originally started out as the Henry Ford Company which was located at the intersection of Cass Avenue and Amsterdam Street.[1] Engine block and cylinder heads were cast at Saginaw Metal Casting Operations then assembled at Tonawanda Engine before delivery to Detroit Assembly for installation.[1]
In 1902, the Cadillac Motor Company began operations, and began building cars at the all new Clark Street facility in 1921, where the factory manufactured Cadillac models until December 23, 1987,[2] when production of Cadillac's full-size D-bodies moved to Arlington Assembly in Arlington, Texas, while production of downsized FWD DeVille/Fleetwood/Seville models were relocated to Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly and Orion Assembly by 1985. It is approximately 2 miles southeast of the original Lincoln factory located at 6200 West Warren Avenue.
All Cadillac vehicles were built only at this home factory, with production of popular selling models later added to Linden, New Jersey, South Gate, California or Arlington, Texas in "knock down kits" starting in the 1930s to meet demand. The bodies were built by Fisher at Fleetwood Plant #18 at 261 W End St, and transferred by rail to Clark Street for final assembly.[3]
From 1984 to 1987, the plant also built the Oldsmobile 88 and Custom Cruiser and the Chevrolet Caprice.
Detroit Assembly used the VIN codes "Q" and "9."
The site of the plant was redeveloped into the 88-acre Clark Street Technology Park in 1997 by General Motors and three other partners. It is now the location for Inland Waters Pollution Control.[4]
LaSalle Factory/DeSoto Factory
For a brief time Cadillac's LaSalle was built at a separate factory in Detroit called Wyoming Assembly at 6000 Wyoming Avenue just north of Ford Road west of the Ford Drive-In Theatre. It was built in 1917 to manufacture Liberty Engines for airplanes used during WW I, then the factory was used by Chalmers Automobile to build the Saxon automobile until 1922. General Motors bought the Chalmers Plant in 1926 and 1927 built LaSalle cars there. The factory is adjacent to the Dearborn neighborhood and is 2.75 miles west of the Clark Street Factory location. After LaSalle was no longer manufactured, it was purchased by Chrysler in 1934 and became a DeSoto factory until that brand was cancelled in the early 1960s.[5] The factory is nearby railroad tracks which were very busy supplying coachwork from the Fleetwood Factory or other Fisher factories within Detroit and shipping finished product to cities across the United States.
Vehicles Manufactured
Historical and classic, 1902-1949
Early Antique
- 1902-1903 Cadillac Runabout and Tonneau — 72 in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
- 1903-1904 Cadillac Model A — 72 in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
- 1904 Cadillac Models A and B
- Model A — 72 in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
- Model B — 76 in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
- 1905 Cadillac Models B, C, D, E and F
- Model B — 76 in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
- Model C — 72 in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
- Model D — 100 in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
- Model E — 74 in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
- Model F — 76 in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
- 1906 Cadillac Models H, K, L, and M
- Model H — 102 in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
- Model K — 74 in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
- Model L — 110 in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
- Model M — 76 in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
- 1907 Cadillac Models G, H, K, and M
- Model G — 100 in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
- Model H — 102 in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
- Model K — 74 in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
- Model M — 76 in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
- 1908 Cadillac Models G, H, M, S and T
- Model G — 100 in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
- Model H — 102 in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
- Model M — 76 in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
- Model S — 82 in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
- Model T — 82 in wheelbase single-cylinder engine
- 1909-1911 Cadillac Model Thirty
- 1909 — 106 in wheelbase four-cylinder engine
- 1910 — 110 in wheelbase; 120 in wheelbase (limousine) four-cylinder engine Fisher
- 1911 — 116 in wheelbase four-cylinder engine Fisher
- 1912 — Cadillac Model 1912; 116 in wheelbase four-cylinder engine Fisher
- 1913 — Cadillac Model 1913; 120 in wheelbase four-cylinder engine Fisher
- 1914 — Cadillac Model 1914; 120 and 134 in wheelbase four-cylinder engine Fisher
- 1915 — Cadillac Type 51; 122 and 145 in wheelbase V8 Fisher
- 1916 — Cadillac Type 53; 122 132 and 145 in wheelbase V8 Fisher
- 1917 — Cadillac Type 55; 125 and 145 in wheelbase V8 Fisher
- 1918-1919 Cadillac Type 57; 125 132 and 145 in wheelbase V8 Fisher
1920s
All vehicles listed below were manufactured at Clark Street Assembly
1930s
- 1930 Cadillac Series 353, 370 and 452 Fisher Fleetwood
- 1931 Cadillac Series 355, 370-A and 452-A Fisher Fleetwood
- 1932 Cadillac Series 355-B, 370-B and 452-B Fisher Fleetwood
- Series 355-B — 134 and 156 in wheelbase V8 Fisher Fleetwood
- Series 370-B — 140 and 156 in wheelbase V12 Fisher Fleetwood
- Series 452-B — 143 and 149 in wheelbase V16 Fisher Fleetwood
- 1933 Cadillac Series 355-C, 370-C and 452-C Fisher Fleetwood
- 1934 Cadillac Series 10, 20, 30 and 452-D Fisher Fleetwood
- 1935 Cadillac Series 10, 20, 30 and 452-D Fisher Fleetwood
- 1936 Cadillac Series 36–60, 36–70, 36–75, 36–80, 36–85, 36-90 Fisher Fleetwood
- 1937 Cadillac Series 36–60, 37–65, 37–70, 37–75, 37–85, 37-90 Fisher Fleetwood
- 1938 Cadillac Series 38–60, 38-60S, 38–65, 38–75, 38-90 Fisher Fleetwood
- 1939 Cadillac Series 39-60S, 39–65, 39–75, 39-90 Fisher Fleetwood
1940s
- 1940 Cadillac Series 40-60S, 40–62, 40–72, 40–75, 40-90 Fisher Fleetwood
- 1941 Cadillac Series 41-60S, 41–61, 41–62, 41–63, 41–67, 41-75 Fisher Fleetwood
- 1942 Cadillac Series 42-60S, 42–61, 42–62, 42–63, 42–67, 42-75 Fisher Fleetwood
- 1946 Cadillac Series 60S, 61, 62, 75 Fisher Fleetwood
- 1947 Cadillac Series 60S, 61, 62, 75 Fisher Fleetwood
- 1948-1949 Cadillac Series 60S, 61, 62, 75 Fisher Fleetwood
Modern Era
See also
Notes and References
- Book: Kimes . Beverly . Standard catalog of American Cars 1805–1942 . 1996 . Krause publications . 0-87341-478-0 . 200–245 . third.
- Book: Ward's Automotive Yearbook 1988 . Ward's Communications, Inc. . 1988.
- http://www.coachbuilt.com/bui/f/fleetwood/fleetwood.htm History of Fleetwood Metal Body Company
- http://www.manta.com/c/mm2fr68/inland-waters-pollution-control-inc Inland Waters Pollution Control
- Web site: DeSoto Wyoming Road Assembly . Allpar.com . VerticalScope Inc. . 7 July 2021.