Desulfobulbaceae Explained

The Desulfobulbaceae are a family of Thermodesulfobacteriota. They reduce sulphates to sulphides to obtain energy and are anaerobic.

The discovery of filamentous Desulfobulbaceae in 2012 elucidates the cause of the small electric currents measured in the top layer of marine sediment.^[1] The currents were first measured in 2010.^[2] These organisms, referred to as "cable bacteria", consist in thousands of cells arranged in filaments up to three centimeters in length. They transport electrons from the sediment that is rich in hydrogen sulfide up to the oxygen-rich sediment that is in contact with the water.^{[3] [4] [5] [6]} Later investigations revealed their ability to use nitrate or nitrite as final electron acceptor in absence of oxygen^{[7] [8]} Since the discovery, cable bacteria have been reported from a wide variety of sediments worldwide.^[9] Based on phylogenetic analysis of 16s rRNA and dsrAB genes it was proposed to allocate cable bacteria within two novel candidate genera i.e. Ca. Electrothrix and Ca. Electronema.^[10]

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)^[11] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)^[12]

See also

• List of bacterial orders
• List of bacteria genera

References

• Book: Kuever, Jan . Rainey . Fred A. . Widdel . Friedrich . vanc . Order III. Desulfobacterales ord. nov.; Family II. Desulfobulbaceae ord. nov. fam. nov. . https://books.google.com/books?id=9cwgo-9IyTUC&pg=PA988 . Garrity . G.M. . Brenner . D.J. . Krieg . N.R. . Staley . J.T. . 3 . Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology . 2 . Springer . 2005 . 978-0-387-24145-6 . 988–998 . registration .
• Web site: Desulfobulbaceae . NCBI Taxonomy Browser . 213121.

Notes and References

1. Pfeffer C, Larsen S, Song J, Dong M, Besenbacher F, Meyer RL, Kjeldsen KU, Schreiber L, Gorby YA, El-Naggar MY, Leung KM, Schramm A, Risgaard-Petersen N, Nielsen LP . Filamentous bacteria transport electrons over centimetre distances . Nature . 491 . 7423 . 218–21 . November 2012 . 23103872 . 10.1038/nature11586 .
2. Nielsen. Lars Peter. Risgaard-Petersen. Nils. Fossing. Henrik. Christensen. Peter Bondo. Sayama. Mikio. February 2010. Electric currents couple spatially separated biogeochemical processes in marine sediment. Nature. En. 463. 7284. 1071–1074. 10.1038/nature08790. 20182510. 0028-0836.
3. Reguera G . Microbiology: Bacterial power cords . Nature . 491 . 7423 . 201–2 . November 2012 . 23103866 . 10.1038/nature11638 .
4. Web site: Electric Bugs: New Microbe Forms Living, Deep-Sea Power Cables . Brandon . Keim . vanc . 24 October 2012 . Wired Science . 26 October 2012.
5. News: Bridie . Smith . vanc . Shock as scientists find 'electric' bacteria in the Yarra . The Age . 15 . 6 December 2014 .
6. Larsen S, Nielsen LP, Schramm A . Cable bacteria associated with long-distance electron transport in New England salt marsh sediment . Environmental Microbiology Reports . 7 . 2 . 175–9 . April 2015 . 25224178 . 10.1111/1758-2229.12216 .
7. Marzocchi U, Trojan D, Larsen S, Meyer RL, Revsbech NP, Schramm A, Nielsen LP, Risgaard-Petersen N . Electric coupling between distant nitrate reduction and sulfide oxidation in marine sediment . The ISME Journal . 8 . 8 . 1682–90 . August 2014 . 24577351 . 4817607 . 10.1038/ismej.2014.19 .
8. Risgaard-Petersen. Nils. Damgaard. Lars Riis. Revil. André. Nielsen. Lars Peter . vanc . 2014-08-01. Mapping electron sources and sinks in a marine biogeobattery . Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. en. 119. 8. 1475–1486. 10.1002/2014jg002673 .
9. Burdorf. L. D. W.. Tramper. A.. Seitaj. D.. Meire. L.. Hidalgo-Martinez. S.. Zetsche. E.-M.. Boschker. H. T. S.. Meysman. F. J. R. . vanc . 2017-02-10. Long-distance electron transport occurs globally in marine sediments . Biogeosciences . 14 . 3 . 683–701 . 10.5194/bg-14-683-2017 . free.
10. Trojan D, Schreiber L, Bjerg JT, Bøggild A, Yang T, Kjeldsen KU, Schramm A . A taxonomic framework for cable bacteria and proposal of the candidate genera Electrothrix and Electronema . Systematic and Applied Microbiology . 39 . 5 . 297–306 . July 2016 . 27324572 . 4958695 . 10.1016/j.syapm.2016.05.006 .
11. Web site: A.C. Parte. Desulfobulbaceae. 2022-09-09. List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). et al..
12. Web site: Sayers. Desulfobulbaceae. 2022-09-09. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. et al..
13. Web site: The LTP . 20 November 2023.
14. Web site: LTP_all tree in newick format. 20 November 2023.
15. Web site: LTP_08_2023 Release Notes. 20 November 2023.
16. Web site: GTDB release 08-RS214 . Genome Taxonomy Database. 10 May 2023.
17. Web site: bac120_r214.sp_label . Genome Taxonomy Database. 10 May 2023.
18. Web site: Taxon History . Genome Taxonomy Database. 10 May 2023.