| Desert Laboratory — aka: Desert Botanical Laboratory; Tumamoc Hill; Tumamoc: People & Habitats | |
| Nrhp Type: | nhl |
| Location: | 1675 West Anklam Road, Tucson, Arizona |
| Coordinates: | 32.2253°N -111.0025°W |
| Area: | 860acres |
| Built: | 1903 |
| Designated Nrhp Type: | December 21, 1965[1] |
| Added: | October 15, 1966 |
| Refnum: | 66000190 |
The Desert Laboratory is a historic biological research facility atop Tumamoc Hill (O'odham: Cemamagĭ Doʼag) at 1675 West Anklam Road in Tucson, Arizona. It was founded by the Carnegie Institution in 1903 to study how plants survive and thrive in the heat and aridity of deserts, and was the first such privately funded effort in the nation. Beginning in 1906, numerous long term ecological observation areas were set up by Volney Spalding & Forrest Shreve on the 860acres scientific domain of Tumamoc Hill. Nine of these are the world's oldest permanent ecology study quadrats. The facility and staff were key contributors to what is now considered the science of ecology, including participating in the creation of the Ecological Society of America in 1915 and the Ecology journal.[2] Led by Spalding & Shreve, they also contributed innovations in conservation.
Part of it was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1965.[1] [3] The rest was added in 1987.
Acting on the authority of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, Frederick Vernon Coville Botanist of the USDA and Daniel T. McDougal of the New York Botanical Garden chose Tumamoc Hill as the location of the Desert Laboratory in February, 1903. It opened in October of that year.
It is now operated by Tumamoc: People & Habitats, part of The University of Arizona's College of Science.
The public is welcome to walk up almost to the top of Tumamoc Hill. Walkers must stay on the road. Bicycles and pets are not allowed. And the very top of the Hill is an archaeological site where there is no unsupervised entry. Vehicular traffic restricted to authorized persons.[4]