Deselection of Labour MPs explained

Deselection in the UK Labour Party is the process by which support for an MP is withdrawn by their local party meaning that the MP is unable to stand in a forthcoming general election with the support of the party.^[1]

Rules governing deselection

Labour Party rules specify that MPs will face a "trigger ballot" procedure where each branch of the Constituency Labour Party (CLP) and each affiliate (trade union and socialist society) branch will have a simple majority vote on whether they wish their sitting MP to automatically stand again in the next general election, or whether they wish to have a full selection process.^[2]

If one third or more of party or affiliate branches vote for a full selection then the sitting MP will face a vote of all party members to decide whether they want their existing MP, or an alternative candidate to represent them at the next election.^[3]

History of deselection rules

Before 1970

Before 1970 the process for reconsidering support for a sitting MP required three Constituency General Committee (GC) meetings to be called for the purpose of considering whether to support the MP, followed by a meeting of affiliates to the CLP where affiliate GC delegates were mandated to vote a certain way. If the local party sought to remove their MP the MP could then appeal this decision to the NEC.

The NEC was at this time controlled by the right of the Labour Party and almost invariably sided with the sitting MP and against the Constituency Party. The NEC threatened to disband some CLPs which sought to change their Labour MP.^[4]

1970–1979

The rules governing reselection were amended at Labour Party Conference in 1970 making it marginally less difficult to challenge a sitting MP. Dropping the required number of GC meetings from three to two and removing the mandating of affiliate GC delegates.

The Campaign for Labour Party Democracy (CLPD), founded in 1973, was set up by left wing Labour activists to organise for greater democratic representation within the Labour Party. CLPD spent the next six years organising to seek to win a rule change at Labour Party Conference to create an automatic reselection procedure for each sitting Labour MP.

At Labour Party Conference in 1974 the NEC reported that they had conducted a review of the rules and concluded that no changes were required. Ken Coates moved a motion to seek automatic selection at this conference which was defeated. Although CLPs submitted motions in 1975 and 1976 calling for an automatic selection procedure to be introduced these were ruled out of order on the grounds that they breached the 'three year rule'.^[5]

67 CLPs submitted motions calling for automatic reselection to the 1977 conference. These motions were ruled out of order on the grounds that they breached the '1968 rule'^[6] However, Ian Mikardo announced on behalf of the NEC that "We shall put down at next year's Annual Conference all the amendments to the constitution necessary to provide automatic reselection in the way and in the sense that the sponsors of those sixty-odd resolutions want. I do not think there is the least chance of the Executive reneging on that undertaking."

At Labour Party Conference in 1978 the NEC broke this commitment and did not bring forward the proposal for automatic reselection. CLPD organised for a motion on automatic reselection to be voted on. The Amalgamated Engineering Union (AUEW) delegates had democratically agreed to support the CLPD motion however when it came to the vote the AUEW's then president, Hugh Scanlon, voted against the CLPD motion, and it was narrowly defeated. Following an intensive 12-month organising campaign by CLPD, at Labour Party Conference in 1979 a CLPD motion for automatic reselection was passed.

Gavin Strang MP suggested that one of the consequences of the introduction of mandatory reselection was that MPs spent more time in their constituencies, saying "it's far more the normal thing now to have an office in the constituency, to employ someone there, and to live in the constituency. Reselection has turned MPs into better campaigners for the local party."^[7]

1979–present

In 1990 Neil Kinnock, then leader of the Labour Party, scrapped mandatory reselection, replacing it with a system of trigger ballots.^[8]

Changes to make deselection of Labour MPs easier, by lowering the number of branches that have to vote to trigger a contest from 50% to 33%, were passed by a large majority at Labour's 2018 Party Conference.^[9] However, the proposal made by a number of CLPs for open selections was not permitted to go to a vote, leading to criticism from Momentum who described the changes as "meager" with "key proposals being watered down".^[10]

No Labour MPs were deselected during the leadership of Ed Miliband or the leadership of Jeremy Corbyn.

In February 2022, it was reported that Jeremy Corbyn was close to being deselected.^[11] In October 2022, Sam Tarry became the first MP to be deselected since 2010. He was beaten by leader of Redbridge London Borough Council Jas Athwal.^[12] Tarry questioned the integrity of the election, citing the electronic voting system that was used to count the votes.^{[13] [14]}

List of deselected Labour MPs

!Name of MP!Year!Constituency!Leader!Notes

Evan Davies	1929^[15]	Ebbw Vale	Ramsay MacDonald
Jack Kinley	1955^[16]	Bootle	Clement Attlee
S. O. Davies	1970^[17]	Merthyr Tydfil	Harold Wilson	Won re-election as an independent
Dick Taverne	1972^[18]	Lincoln	Harold Wilson	Resigned to force a by-election which he won as "Democratic Labour"
Eddie Milne	1973^[19]	Blyth	Harold Wilson
Edward Griffiths	1974^[20]	Sheffield Brightside	Harold Wilson
Reg Prentice	1975^[21]	Newham North East	Harold Wilson	Subsequently defected to the Conservatives.
Frank Tomney	1976^[22]	Hammersmith North	James Callaghan
Arthur Irvine	1977	Liverpool Edge Hill	James Callaghan
Ben Ford	1981^[23]	Bradford North	Michael Foot
Eric Ogden	1981^[24]	Liverpool West Derby	Michael Foot	Subsequently defected to the Social Democratic Party.
Raymond Fletcher	1981^[25]	Ilkeston	Michael Foot
Fred Mulley	1982^[26]	Sheffield Park	Michael Foot
Stan Cohen	1983^[27]	Leeds South East	Michael Foot
Frank Hooley	1983^[28]	Sheffield Heeley	Michael Foot
John Sever	1983^[29]		Michael Foot
Arthur Lewis	1983^[30]	Newham North West	Michael Foot
Michael Cocks	1985^[31]	Bristol South	Neil Kinnock
Norman Atkinson	1985^[32]	Tottenham	Neil Kinnock
John Forrester	1986^[33]		Neil Kinnock
Michael McGuire	1987^[34]	Makerfield	Neil Kinnock
Ernie Roberts	1987^[35]	Hackney North and Stoke Newington	Neil Kinnock
Alec Woodall	1987^[36]	Hemsworth	Neil Kinnock
John Hughes	1989^[37]		Neil Kinnock
Sydney Bidwell	1991^[38]	Ealing Southall	Neil Kinnock
Ron Brown	1990^[39]	Edinburgh Leith	Neil Kinnock
David Young	1994^[40]	Bolton South East	Tony Blair
Max Madden	1997^[41]	Bradford West	Tony Blair
Jane Griffiths	2004^[42]	Reading East	Tony Blair
Bob Wareing	2007^[43]		Gordon Brown
Frank Cook	2008^[44]	Stockton North	Gordon Brown
Anne Moffat	2010^[45]	East Lothian	Gordon Brown
Sam Tarry	2022	Ilford South	Keir Starmer
Mick Whitley	2023^[46]	Birkenhead	Keir Starmer
Beth Winter	2023^[47]	Cynon Valley	Keir Starmer	For selection to represent Merthyr Tydfil and Aberdare
Lloyd Russell-Moyle	2024^[48]	Brighton Kemptown	Keir Starmer

This list does not include MPs who successfully overturned a vote to deselect them at the NEC.

Labour MPs deselected under each leader since 1970!Labour leader!Portrait!Years as leader!Number of MPs deselected during leadership

Harold Wilson		1963–1976	5
James Callaghan		1976–1980	2
Michael Foot		1980–1983	8
Neil Kinnock		1983–1992	9
John Smith		1992–1994	0
Tony Blair		1994–2007	3
Gordon Brown		2007–2010	3
Ed Miliband		2010–2015	0
Jeremy Corbyn		2015–2020	0
Keir Starmer		2020–present	4

Further reading

• Labour Party Rulebook 2019
• Blackburn, Tom. (2017) In Defence of Party Democracy
• Osland, David. (2016) How to Select or Reselect Your MP: 2016 Remix
• Leys, Colin. Coates, David & Panitch, Leo (1997) The End of Parliamentary Socialism: From New Left to New Labour
• Shaw, Eric (1988) Discipline and Discord: Politics of Managerial Control in the Labour Party, 1951–86
• Seyd, Patrick. (1987) The Rise and Fall of the Labour Left
• Wainwright, Hilary. (1987) Labour: A Tale of Two Parties
• Seyd, Patrick. (1986) The Labour Left PhD Volume 1 & Volume 2
• Mullin, Chris. (1981) How to Reselect Your Member of Parliament

See also

• Campaign for Labour Party Democracy

Notes and References

1. News: How are MPs deselected?. 2019-09-02. 2019-09-30.
2. Web site: How Labour's trigger ballot system works. 2019-08-12. LabourList. 2019-09-30.
3. Web site: REVEALED: Labour MPs given trigger ballot guide as 'purge' fears grow. PoliticsHome.com. 2019-07-01. PoliticsHome.com. 2019-09-30.
4. Book: Ranney, Austin. Pathways to Parliament : Candidate Selection in Britain. 1965. University of wisconsin Press. 9780299035600. Wisconsin. 468512977.
5. See equivalent rule in the 2019 Labour Party Rule Book chapter 3, clause II, section 2, subsection H: "When Party conference has made a decision on a constitutional amendment, no resolution to amend the constitution or rules of the Party having the same or a similar primary objective shall appear on the agenda of the three following annual party conferences, except such resolutions to amend the constitution and rules that are in the opinion of the NEC of immediate importance."
6. This rule, introduced at Labour Party Conference in 1968, specified that any proposed constitutional rule changes at conference were referred to the NEC to consider for the following year's conference.
7. Book: Wainwright, Hilary.. Labour : a tale of two parties. 1987. Hogarth. 0701207787. London. 16092917.
8. Web site: Q&A: What is deselection, and what does it mean for Labour MPs?. www.newstatesman.com. August 2016 . en. 2019-10-05.
9. News: Deselecting Labour MPs made easier. 2018-09-24. 2019-09-30.
10. News: Labour agrees MP selection rule changes despite party splits. Press Association. 2018-09-24. The Guardian. 2019-10-05. en-GB. 0261-3077.
11. News: Boycott-Owen . Mason . 2022-02-13 . Jeremy Corbyn 'close to being deselected' as Labour MP . en-GB . The Telegraph . 2022-10-12 . 0307-1235.
12. News: 2022-10-10 . Sam Tarry: Former shadow minister ousted in deselection vote . en-GB . BBC News . 2022-10-12.
13. Web site: Chaplain . Chloe . 2022-10-11 . Labour MP Sam Tarry attacks deselection as 'manufactured circus' after members vote to oust him . 2022-10-12 . inews.co.uk . en.
14. Web site: 2022-10-11 . 'Crestfallen' Sam Tarry calls for vote audit after deselection as MP . 2022-10-12 . the Guardian . en.
15. Book: Stenton . Michael . Lees . Stephen . Who's Who of British Members of Parliament . III . 1979 . Harvester Press . Brighton . 0855273259 . 90.
16. Book: Dictionary of Labour Biography. Gildart. K.. Howell. D.. 2016-04-30. Springer. 9780230293489.
17. Book: Leonard, R. L. (Richard Lawrence). Elections in Britain : a voter's guide. 2005. Palgrave Macmillan. Mortimore, Roger, 1965–. 9780230629639. 5th. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire. 70181448.
18. Web site: Dick Taverne: "Some of the Labour Party people have absolutely nowhere to go". www.newstatesman.com. 2019-09-30.
19. Book: Panitch, Leo.. The end of parliamentary socialism : from New Left to New Labour. 2001. Verso. Leys, Colin, 1931–. 1859843387. 2nd. London. 59521118.
20. Web site: In Defence of Party Democracy. New Socialist. 2019-09-30.
21. News: Deselection fear hangs over Corbyn's critics. Ley. Shaun. 2015-11-30. 2019-09-30.
22. Book: Seyd, Patrick.. The rise and fall of the labour left. 1987. Macmillan Education. 0333447476. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire. 17952021.
23. Book: Pomper, Gerald M.. Voters, Elections, and Parties: The Practice of Democratic Theory. Transaction Publishers. 9781412841122.
24. Book: Jones, Peter. Party, Parliament and Personality: Essays Presented to Hugh Berrington. November 2002. Routledge. 9781134821211.
25. Seyd. Patrick. June 1986. THE LABOUR LEFT. Department of Political Theory and Institutions.
26. Web site: Obituary: Lord Mulley. 1995-03-16. The Independent. 2019-09-30.
27. News: Stan Cohen. Daily Telegraph. 2004-03-01. 2019-09-30. 0307-1235.
28. News: Deselection fear hangs over Corbyn's critics. Ley. Shaun. 2015-11-30. 2019-09-30.
29. Book: McSmith, Andy.. Faces of labour : the inside story. 1997. Verso. 1859840930. London. 37721381.
30. Book: Heffernan, Richard. Defeat from the jaws of victory : inside Kinnock's Labour Party. 1992. Verso. 0860913511. 464988506.
31. News: Obituary: Lord Cocks of Hartcliffe. Roth. Andrew. 2001-03-27. The Guardian. 2019-09-30. 0261-3077.
32. News: Norman Atkinson obituary. Goodman. Geoffrey. 2013-07-09. The Guardian. 2019-09-30. 0261-3077.
33. Web site: Stoke-on-Trent MP's. www.thepotteries.org. 2019-09-30.
34. News: Michael McGuire obituary. McGuire. Sean. 2018-11-22. The Guardian. 2019-09-30. 0261-3077.
35. Book: The Almanac of British Politics. Waller. Robert. Criddle. Byron. 1999. Psychology Press. 9780415185417.
36. Web site: Alec Woodall: MP who fought for the rights of miners and servicemen. 2011-01-12. The Independent. 2019-09-30.
37. Book: The British General Election of 1992. Butler. D.. Kavanagh. D.. 1992-10-20. Springer. 9780230372092.
38. Book: The British General Election of 1992. Butler. D.. Kavanagh. D.. 1992-10-20. Springer. 9780230372092.
39. News: Former MP 'Red' Ron Brown dies. 2007-08-04. 2019-09-30.
40. Web site: David Young. 2003-01-16. The Independent. 2019-09-30.
41. Web site: Labour MP deselected. 1997-02-17. The Independent. 2019-09-30.
42. Web site: Griffiths is first 'Blair babe' to be deselected. 2004-02-23. The Independent. 2019-09-30.
43. Web site: Rebel MP Bob Wareing axed by Labour. Turner. Ben. 2007-09-17. liverpoolecho. 2019-09-30.
44. Web site: 'No surprise' at party deselection. The Northern Echo. 2019-09-30.
45. News: Scottish MP Anne Moffat sacked by Labour. Carrell. Severin. 2010-03-19. The Guardian. 2019-09-30. 0261-3077.
46. News: Alison McGovern wins selection contest in new Birkenhead seat. Neame. Katie. LabourList. 16 June 2023.
47. News: Beth Winter Ousted in Another Controversial Labour Selection Battle . Labour Hub . 7 June 2023.
48. News: Sigsworth . Tim . 2024-05-29 . Left-wing Labour MP suspended and will not stand at election . 2024-06-13 . The Telegraph . en-GB . 0307-1235.